《写作指导拔优》PPT课件.ppt

,Understanding and fulfillingthe requirementof a writing assignment,你是某中学新老师李红，请给你的朋友张华写一封信，告诉他你第一天上课的情况，主要内容如下：1.描述一件课堂上令你印象深刻的事情；2.介绍你处理该事的方式；3.谈谈你的感想。注意：1.词数不少于120个；2.可适当发挥想象，增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.文中不得出现与本人及学校相关的任何真实 信息。,2009 湖 南 卷 书 面 表 达,2009 高考评分细则扣分标准,描述了上课情况，但没有具体到某一件事情，行文完整，最多给20分；描述的事情与课堂无关，但发生在学校，且 行文完整，最多给12分；描述的事情与学校无关，不给分；以学生身份表达，但行文完整，最多给15分；考生在作文中，主体人物身份发生变化(如人物 变化混乱)应扣3分，如使用第三人称但行文 完整最多15分；语言错误在各信息点中酌情扣分，在不影响表 达的情况下，整篇语法错误扣分不超过8分。,1.以学生身份表达。(最多15分)2.主体人物身份发生变化。(扣3分)3.选取事例不具体。(最多20分),在阅卷时发现的审题方面的问题：,假设你和几位同学成立了一个英语俱乐部，开展了为期两个月的活动。现在，你将代表俱乐部在课堂上进行经验交流，请写一篇英语发言稿，主要内容如下：1简要描述俱乐部开展的一项与英语有关的 主要活动；2谈谈你们开展该活动的收获。注意：1词数不少于120个；2不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。,2010 湖 南 卷 书 面 表 达,介绍了俱乐部开展的一系列活动，没有具体到一项主要活 动，但谈了开展该活动的收获，且行文流畅，最多给20分。介绍了俱乐部开展的一项主要活动，但谈及收获或感受时 内容很简单，逻辑性不强，但收获与活动有关联，最多给 18分。介绍了俱乐部开展的一系列主要活动，没有具体到一项主 要活动，且没有谈开展该活动的收获，但行文流畅(基本 没有语法错误，语句通顺)最多给16分。介绍与俱乐部相关的活动（含建设俱乐部活等），与筹建 有关，且没有谈开展该活动的收获，但行文流畅，最多给 16分。描述的一项活动与英语无关，但行文完整(即：语言可以，但跑题)，最多给12分。,2010 高考评分细则扣分标准,假设你参加所在年级的英文写作比赛，请按照要求完成一篇短文：1.简要描述下图内容，并点明主题；2.联系实际，表达该图带给你的启示。,注意：1.词数不少于120个；2.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。,Dear Zhang Hua,Its three months since I heard from you last time.Now I want to tell you an impressive story happened on my first lesson.On hearing the bell,students ran into the classroom as quickly as they can.But a boy,Li Ming,whose father died a month ago,was late for the class.He stood outside the classroom,silently.I smiled to him and let him came in.After a while,he cried on his desk.Then I walked to him and asked what had happened.He told me that his mother was ill and he had to take some medicine for her.At the same time,he apologized to me for his lateness.Moved by his words,I praised him for his deeds and decided to sing a song named“Mother”for the students.How time flies!Class was over before I realized it.From the story I felt we should respect our parents and do our best to help them.Do you think so?Im looking forward to your reply.Yours truly,Li Hong,Its two months since our English club was established.During the two months,we have done quite a lot of work and achieved what we have hoped.Among all the things weve done,were most satisfied with the English speech contest,which was organized by our club under the guidance of our English teacher.The contest lasted about months and about 50 students took part in it.Li Ming from Class 150 got the first place.His fluent English and clear thoughts impressed all of us.Under the influence of this contest,now most classes in our school have formed their own English clubs,and all kinds of English activities are held in every club every week.We think this contest not only help us improve our spoken English but also help to produce some new clubs.We are really happy about it and proud of it.,2011年湖南高考英语书面表达 A drop of water is only a drop of water,but when a great many drops of water join together a river will come into being.And when rivers come together they will form a sea.As is in the same way,a tree is only a tree,many trees,however,will become a wood.And when several woods lie one by one,they will be called a forest.As is known to everyone,a forest is a home for all kinds of animals and plants.From the above,we can understand that one person can not do many things.But when many people come together,they can form a society.In a society,people are related to one another,help one another.In this way,we can make a harmonious society in which we can live a happy life.,This picture reminds me of the importance of cooperation.In our daily life,many jobs require good teamwork between members of staff.Thus the ability to cooperate has become one of the most highly valued qualities in modem society.Only when all members of a group are aware of their own roles,respect and support each other can the goal be achieved.Teamwork in turn benefits every member,so lets join hands to achieve success.,As is illustrated in the picture.One drop of water does not make a sea;one tee does not make a forest;one person does not make a society.It tells us that in our society two heads are better than one and unity is strength.Nowadays there are still many poor students.They cannot afford to go to school.Luckily,many people and organizations donate a lot of money to help them receive college education smoothly.In a word,we should offer our help and love to the persons in need.I believe that if every one of us can give help and love to others,the relationship between people will be harmonious and society will be a better place for us to live in.,英语中有这样一句谚语：The most preciousof all possessions is a wise and loyal friend。请写一篇 120 字以上的短文，讲述一个具体的事件来体现你某位朋友身上的可贵之处，并谈谈你对该事件的感想。(开头已给出),英语中有这样一句谚语：The most preciousof all possessions is a wise and loyal friend。请写一篇 120 字以上的短文，讲述一个具体的事件来体现你某位朋友身上的可贵之处，并谈谈你对该事件的感想。(开头已给出),审题,英语中有这样一句谚语：The most preciousof all possessions is a wise and loyal friend。请写一篇 120 字以上的短文，讲述一个具体的事件来体现你某位朋友身上的可贵之处，并谈谈你对该事件的感想。(开头已给出),讲述一个具体的事件,审题,英语中有这样一句谚语：The most preciousof all possessions is a wise and loyal friend。请写一篇 120 字以上的短文，讲述一个具体的事件来体现你某位朋友身上的可贵之处，并谈谈你对该事件的感想。(开头已给出),讲述一个具体的事件 体现你某位朋友身上的可贵之处,审题,英语中有这样一句谚语：The most preciousof all possessions is a wise and loyal friend。请写一篇 120 字以上的短文，讲述一个具体的事件来体现你某位朋友身上的可贵之处，并谈谈你对该事件的感想。(开头已给出),讲述一个具体的事件 体现你某位朋友身上的可贵之处 你对该事件的感想,审题,Incident,Incident,+,Myfeeling,Virtue,Incident,+,Myfeeling,Virtues,Caring,Honest,Brave,Warm-hearted,Loyal,Diligent,Ambitious,书面表达中的高级结构,我们高三英语教师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。,一高级词汇1occur 替换 think of Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house.An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.2devote替换spend He spends all his spare time in reading.He devotes all his spare time to reading.,3seek替换want/look for They sought(wanted)to hide themselves behind the trees.4average 替换ordinary Im an average(ordinary)student.5but替换very The film we saw last night was very interesting.The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.The film we saw last night was anything but boring.6seat 替换sitOn his way to school,he found an old lady seated(sitting)by the road,looking worried.,7suppose 替换should He is supposed to(should)have driven more slowly.8appreciate 替换thank Thank you very much for you help.We appreciate your help very much./Your help is much appreciated.9the case替换 true I dont think it is the case(true).10on替换as soon as As soon as he arrived,he began his research.On his arrival,he began his research.,11due to替换because ofHe arrived late due to(because of)the storm.12cover替换walk/read After covering(walking)10 miles,we all felt tired.13contribute to替换 be helpful/usefulPlenty of memory work is undoubtedly helpful to English study.Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.14round the corner 替换 coming soon/nearby The summer vacation is round the corner(coming).Do you have any plans?Li Ming studies in a school round the corner(nearby).,15come to light替换discoverThe family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels.The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.16have a ball替换have a good time/enjoy oneself After visiting the workshop,we went back to school.Every one of us had a ball(had a good time).17come up with替换think of Jack is very clever.He often comes up with(thinks of)new ideas.18set aside替换save Some students think that they should set aside some of their pocket money for books.,19be of+n.替换adj.The products are of high quality(very good)and are sold everywhere in China.20refer to 替换talk about/of,mention The professor you referred to(talked about)is very famous.21can not but/can not help but替换have to doI could not but(had to)go home.22more often than not替换usually More often than not(Usually),the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.,23lest替换so that/in order that I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it.I wrote down his telephone number lest I(should)forget it.24be long for sth./be long to do sth.替换want to do sth./wish for I want to see you very much.I am long to see you.25be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替换be interested in He is caught up in(very interested in)collecting stamps.26more than替换very Im very glad to learn that you are coming in September.Im more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.If there is anything I can do for you,I would be more than glad to help,27perfect(ly)替换good/very wellHe speaks perfect(good)English./He speaks English perfectly(very well).28do sb a/the favor 替换help Would you please do me the favor(help me)to turn down the radio?29the other day替换a few days ago The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.(NMET 1997)30in the course of替换during In the course of(During)the mountain-climbing,please help each other and pay special attention to your safety.31the majority of替换most The majority of(Most of)the interviewees prefer watching TV at home to going to the cinema.,32consist of替换be made up of Our class consists of(is made up of)50 students.33be worn out替换 be tired/broken After five hours non-stop work,we were all worn out(tired).My shoes are worn out(broken).Please buy me a new pair.34become of替换 happen What do think has become of(happened to)him?35attend to替换look after 36on condition that替换as long as,37nevertheless替换however38express ones satisfaction with替换be satisfied with 39spare no efforts to do替换try ones best to do40many a 替换many41be rushed off ones feet 替换be busy in doing42a handful of替换a little/some43meanwhile替换at the same time44get to ones feet替换stand up 45beneath替换under,46occasionally替换sometimes/once in while47for instance替换for example48seldom替换not often49wealthy替换 rich50amazing替换surprising 51as a matter of fact 替换in fact,二高级句型结构 It句型 It will be+some time+before It wont be long before humans visit the Mars.It is+adj./n.+for sb to do sth.It is very important for us to learn computer well,because it has changed our life so much.He said since it was a new model in China,it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.,It is+被强调部分+that 1)It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.2)Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.more than any other 表示最高级 Among the optional courses,spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.名词从句 It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk.My hometown is no longer what it used to be.,（非限制性）定语从句 The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street.It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street,which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.It was quite an experience for us both,which Ill never forget for the rest of my life.,分词结构 I dont know about others,but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well.Well mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV,playing games,and meeting people.Hearing this,a few people began to run after him.Born in American,Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.,with结构 A terrible accident happened yesterday,with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder,with a large suitcase in his left hand.倒装句 The library is to the east of the teaching building.East of the teaching building is the library.Although we are tired,we are happy.Tired as we are,we are happy.Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man.May all your dreams come true!May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!,被动语态 Opinions are divided on the question.All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students.New factories,houses and roads have been built.巧妙的改写（1）Only 改成no one but Only Tom passed the exam last week.No one but Tom passed the exam.（2）as soon as 改成No soonerthan/Hardlywhen/Immediately/The moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.（3）have sb/sth do/done The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken(her leg was broken.).,（4）变换插入语的位置 However,they suggest fees should be charged low.They suggest,however,fees should be charged low.I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent,and how well youve learned Chinese.This is a good chance for you,I think,to show your singing talent,and how well youve learned Chinese.,(5).用同位语代替非限制性定语从句 Meimei,who is seven years old,has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.Meimei,a girl of thirteen,has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.Shakespeare,a son from a poor family,a man of little education,wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world,（1）注重句子的开头 用with复合结构开头 With the sun setting in the west,we had to wave goodbye to the workers.With his help,weve learned how to analyze and settle problems.With the functions of inserting,deleting,moving and copying,it enables us to edit test,browse web page and download what we want.用非谓语动词形式开头）In order to improve our English,our school held an English contest.）Walking towards the cinema,he met a foreigner.,（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）相关过渡语1).表示时间顺序:first,then,afterwards,meanwhile,later，first of all,finally,at last2).表示空间顺序:near,next to,far from,in front of,on the left,on one side3).表示比较、对照:like,unlike,such as,but,however,on the other hand,on the contrary,nevertheless,otherwise4).表示因果关系:because,for,as a result,therefore,thus5).表示递进关系:besides,whats more,what was worse,moreover,furthermore,in addition,on top of6).表示并列关系:and,as well as,also7).表示总结性:in general,in a word,in short,on the whole,to sum up,in brief,to conclude,写作中怎样使用复杂结构和高级词汇,一.复杂结构:1.使用适当的时态 2.适当的语态3.使用不定式 4.使用过去分词5.使用V.+ing形式 6.使用名词性从句 7.使用状语从句 8.使用定语从句9.使用虚拟语气10.使用强调句,倒装句,感叹句 11.使用并列句,一、怎样运用复杂结构：,1.改变时态,The bell is ringing now.(一般),2.改变语态,People suggest that the conference be put off.(一般),There goes the bell.(高级),It is suggested that the conference be put off.(高级),3.使用不定式,4.使用过去分词,He is so kind that he can help me.(一般),He is so kind as to help me.(高级),She walked out of the room and many students followed her.(一般),Followed by many students,she.(高级),Once it is seen,it can never be forgotten.(一般),Once seen,it can.(高级),5.使用v-ing形式,When he arrives please give me an e-mail.(一般),If the weather permits,Ill come tomorrow.(一般),On his arriving/arrival,please give.(高级),Weather permitting,Ill come tomorrow.(高级),Now our school has three teachers.They teach 48 pupils.(一般),Now our School has three teachers,teaching 48 pupils.(高级),It disappointed everybody that he didnt turn up.(一般),I happened to have met him.(一般),6.使用名词性从句,The fact that he didnt turn up disappointed everybody.(高级),It happened that I had met him.(高级),To his surprise,the little girl knows so many things.(一般),What surprised him is that the girl.(高级),7.使用状语从句,I wont believe what he says.(一般),If you come back before six oclock,you can go out.(一般),The meal was very nice.We all enjoyed i