SIS应用及相关标准.ppt

SIS Application&StandardSIS 应用及相关标准,Avoid Risks And Dangers In Your Plant By Applying Safety System运用安全系统以规避风险和危险,Definition of a Safety System 安全系统的定义,Safety systems are designed to respond to conditions of the plant,which may be hazardous in themselves,or if no action were taken could eventually give rise to a hazard.They must generate the correct outputs to prevent the hazard or mitigate the consequences.安全系统是设计为当工厂本身发生危险情况，或，如果不采取行动就会最终导致风险增加，在这些情况下，安全系统必须产生及时、正确的输出，来防止任何危险发生或减轻后果。,Some common names used for Safety System:安全系统的常用名称:ESD Emergency Shutdown System 紧急停车系统 SIS Shutdown Interlock/Instrument System 停车连锁/仪表系统IPS Instrument Protective System 仪表保护系统FSSS Flue Safety Sing System 锅炉安全监视系统FGS Fire&Gas Protective System火和气保护系统ITCC Integrated Turbine&Compressor Control 综合透平压缩机控制,Safety System安全系统,Safety System Applications安全系统应用范围,Boiler/Burner Management Systems 锅炉/燃烧管理系统Continuous Production Units-Refining and Petrochemical Process 连续性生产过程-炼油厂和石油化工厂Batch Processes 批量生产过程On-and Offshore Oil&Gas Exploration and Production Facilities 岸上/海上油/气体勘探和生产Compressor&turbine Monitoring/Safeguard 压缩机和透平机监视/防护Fire&Gas Detection 火和气体监测Loading and Storage Facilities 装载/储存设备Pipeline Safety Management Systems 管道安全管理系统,Two Appraisement Index for Safety System安全系统的两大评价指标,DependabilityCant refuse action 可靠性不能 拒动UsabilityCant false action 可用性不能 误动,Safety Control System Theory,Standards and Attestation安全控制系统的理论、标准和认证,Theory:理论Markov Modeling MethodologyMTTF,MTTR,MTBF,Standards:标准IEC61508,IEC61511,ANSI/ISA S84,NFPA/UL98,DIN 19250SIL Attestation:认证机构TUV,ESD SYSTEM TV Rheinland-TV certification ensures,per DIN and IEC standards,the functionality of SIS systems for critical process applications requiring maximum safety and uninterrupted operation.The TRICON is certified for safety related applications according to:SIL 1-3IEC 61508 Parts 1-7,Functional Safety:Safety Related SystemsIEC 61131,Part 2,Programmable Controllers-Part 2:Equipment Requirements and Tests“AK1-8DIN 19250 Control Technology;Fundamental Safety Aspects To Be Considered for Measurement and Control EquipmentDIN V VDE 0801,Principles for Computers in Safety Related Systems,The International Safety Standards国际安全标准,Fire and Gas SystemsNFPA 72 National Fire Alarm CodeEN54-2 Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems-Part 2:Control and Indicating Equipment“Burner Management SystemsNFPA 8501/97 Standard for Single Burner Boiler OperationNFPA 8502/99 Standard for the Prevention of Furnace Explosions/Implosions in Multiple Burner BoilersDIN VDE 0116 Electric Equipment of Furnaces,The International Safety Standards国际安全标准,The International Safety Standards国际安全标准,TV(1984)DIN V 19250/VDE V 0801(Germany)Risk classification 1989风险等级1989 Safety system requirements安全系统要求Various national standards各种国家标准ANSI/ISA S84.01(USA)1996 Safety procedures安全步骤 Safety Life Cycle安全生命周期 Safety Integrity Levels 安全整体要求等级NFPA/UL1998,IEC 61508IEC 61511 Overall Safety Life Cycle安全生命 Safety plan/安全计划/管理 management Safety Integrity Levels 安全整体要求等级 Safety system diagnostic requirements 安全系统诊断要求 Safety system architectures and reliability figures安全系统和可靠性数据,The International Safety Standards国际安全标准,Specification failures设计技术规范不足,Design&ImplementationFailures设计和执行出错,Installation&CommissioningFailures安装调试出错,Operation&Maintenancefailures操作维护出错,Random Hardwarefailures硬/软件故障,Modificationfailures开车之后,在线修改出错,IEC 61508 Functional Safety:Safety-Related SystemsIEC 61508 功能性安全:安全有关系统,Part 1:General requirements 一般要求 IS通过表决Part 2:Requirements for electrical/electronic/programmable electronic systems IS通过表决电子/电气/电子可编控制器Part 3:Software requirements软件要求 IS通过表决Part 4:Definitions and abbreviations 名称定义和缩写 IS通过表决Part 5:Examples of methods for the determination of IS通过表决 safety integrity levels列举如果制定安全等级方法Part 6:Guidelines on the application of parts 2,3 IS通过表决对第二,三部分应用的说明Part 7:Overview of techniques and measures IS通过表决全面的技术和控制要求 Publication of ALL parts in June 2000,Safety Integrity Level 安全级别,NZRC pipeline safety solutions安全级别参考设定,Risk Graph according to:DIN V 19250&IEC-1508 风险图根据DIN V 19250&IEC-1508,Cross Reference Between SIS Class&StandardsSIS等级和其他标准之间的对比参考,Lifecycle of the Safety System安全系统的生命周期,Bold areas are ANSI/S84.01 concernsS84 covers all aspects of the SIS design:-R&D-PHA-Design-Installation-Operation and Maintenance-Decommissioning,Impact of Voting Schemes on Safety&Availability表决结构在安全性和可用性上的冲突,Integrity Level Vs Availability 安全等级和可用性要求,Definitions of Safety Layers安全层的定义,SIL,Safety Integrity Levels-Chemical Industry Assessment石化行业安全等级的评估,“4”-Catastrophic Community Impact.灾难性的社会影响“3”-Employee and Community Protection.人员和社会的保护“2”-Major Property and Production Protection.Possible injury to employee.主要财产和生产的保护，对人员存在可能的伤害。“1”-Minor Property and Production Protection.次要财产和生产的保护,TUV,TUV stands for a rather long German name,Tecnischer Uberwachungs-Verein Rheinland e.V.TUV标准有一个很长的名字Tecnischer Uberwachungs-Verein Rheinland e.V.It is the only independent third party agency in the world that certifies safety instrumented systems(SIS).这是一个独立的第三方的机构，为安全仪表系统（SIS）进行认证。TUV Rheinland is approved and authorized by law as a technical inspectorate TUV 是经过法律批准的技术检查机构。If the product is tested and meets the strict technical and performance requirements,it is approved and certified for Classes(AK)1-8.如果产品经过测试，满足严格的技术和性能要求，它就获得AK 1-8级认证。,TUV,TUV has certified many different voting architectures in logic solvers e.g.1oo2,1oo2D,1oo3,2oo3 and 2oo3D.在逻辑表决方面，TUV认证了很多不同的表决结构，例如：1oo2,1oo2D,1oo3,2oo3 and 2oo3DTUV will certify and approve the logic solver for the appropriate Class of safety service 1-7.TUV认证和批准逻辑表决器为适当的安全等级1-7级。,The safety system use request of TUV Standard askedTUV标准对安全系统的使用要求,TUV Certified Report:TUV认证报告System Safety Use Manually 系统安全使用手册Same key request for safety system TUV对安全系统使用的一些关键要求：Security of the safety system 安全系统的安全性 Availability of the safety system 安全系统的可使用率 Execute time of the safety system 安全系统执行时间 The restrict for Self-diagnose bestrow rate and Self-diagnose time of the safety system 安全系统的自诊断覆盖率及自诊断时间性限制 Degrade run and time restrict of the safety system 安全系统的降级运行及时间的限制,Restrict request of TUVTUV的限制性要求,All products certified by TUV,must meet general and especial restrict request when it running.所有经过TUV认证的产品，都有在运行时其应满足的“一般和特殊的限制”要求。The common restrict of TUV requests clearly:All Class 5 and Class 6 Safety system cant run in single mode.TUV的“一般限制”非常明确的要求：所有 Class 5 and Class 6级的安全系统不能以单通道的模式工作,Redundancy Safety System冗余的安全系统,Advance the security and usability of the safety system 提高安全系统的可靠性、可用性Achieve the restrict request that the safety standard requested to safety system 达到安全标准对安全控制系统的限制性要求,Markov Modeling Methodology,MTTF:Mean Time To Failure 平均无故障时间MTTR:Mean Time To Repair 平均修复时间MTBF:Mean Time Between Failure 平均故障间隔时间 MTBF=MTTF+MTTRFailure Rate:=1/MTTF 故障率Availability=MTBF/(MTBF+MTTR)可用性#MIL-HDBK-217E:Parts Count Reliability PredictionEXAMPLE:One Module containing two boards,Each having 20 of the same 2K by 8 static RAMs.=0.14 20 RAM X 0.14=2.8 Failures Per Million Hours 2.8+2.8=5.6 Failures Per Million Hours MTTF=1000000/5.6 Hours=178571 Hours MTTF=20 Years,Markov Modeling Methodology,SINGLE SYSTEMA:Availability is the probability that a system is operational at any instant of time A=MTTF/MTBFR:Reliability is defined as the probability of a system performing a specific function without failure.R=Exp(-t)Reliability is the probability that a system will work properly for the time period required by the process being controlled.REDUNDANT SYSTEM A:R:C:Diagnostic Coverage represents the percentage of all faults a system can successfully detect and recover from.Redundant system 90%-95%TMR system 99%,Markov Modeling Methodology,Markov Modeling Methodology,Markov Modeling Methodology,FAIL SAFETY SYSTEMIn a system analysis,Controller failures can be classified as safe failures or dangerous failures.-Dangerous failures are those in which the controller fails such that the process being controlled cannot shutdown safely.FD=1-FS-A safety system must fail to a predetermined state and shutdown the process safely.FS,Markov Modeling Methodology,Partitioning of SIS Element FailuresFour Failure Rate Partitions,