Halloween万圣节英语课件.ppt

Halloween,Halloween,Halloween is an annual holiday celebrated on October 31.在西方国家，每年的10月31日为“万圣节之夜”。,pumpkin lantern,mask,ghost,costume,candy,chocolate,sharp teeth(tooth),trick or treat,Halloween,Halloween is a holiday celebrated on October 31 in the USA,Canada,England,Ireland,Scotland,Mexico,Latin America,and Spain.,Halloween dates back to the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain(pronounced sow-in).The Celtic peoples lived over 2,000 years ago in the area that is now Ireland,the UnitedKingdom,and Northern France.在2000多年前的爱尔兰地区及法国北部，住着一群凯尔特人，而万圣节就是起源于古塞尔特人的一个叫做Samhain的节庆。,For the Celtic peoples,the New Year was celebrated on November 1st of every year.This date marked the end of Summer and the beginning of Winter.,For the Celtic peoples,the New Year was celebrated on November 1st of every year.This date marked the end of Summer and the beginning of Winter.This time of year was often associated with human death.,凯尔特人选在每年11月1日庆祝新年，正值夏天结束，冬天刚开始的时节多半让人联想到黑暗的死亡。,The Celts believed that on the night before the new year,the boundary between the worlds of the living and the dead became blurred as the dead searched for the afterlife.Thus,on the night of October 31st,they celebrated Samhain,when it was believed that the ghosts of the dead returned to Earth to cause mischief and trouble.,凯尔特人相信在新年的前一晚，阴间和阳间的大门不再门禁森严，此时阴间的鬼魂会趁机跑出来，为阳间的人们带来厄运。所以，在十月三十一日晚上，凯尔特人会庆祝Samhain这个节日，以趋魔避邪。,To commemorate the event,people built huge sacred bonfires where animals and crops were sacrificed to the Gods for protection,and to help scare ghosts away.The Celts also wore costumes to disguise themselves,in an attempt to confuse the spirits roaming the Earth.,凯尔特人借着神圣的营火，燃烧献祭的动物和尸体，以赶走可怕的鬼魂并祈求神的保护。同时，凯尔特人也会假扮成鬼的样子，企图混淆跑到阳间的鬼魂。,The Impact of Christianity,By the A.D.800s,the influence of Christianity had spread into Celtic lands.Pope Boniface IV designated November 1stAll Saints Day,a time to honor Saints andMartyrs.It was known as All Hallowmas.Thus,October 31st became known asAll Hallows Eve,and eventually was shortened to the current day title,Halloween.公元八百年时，基督教传入塞尔特人居住的区域。当时的教宗明定十一月一日为万圣节All Saints Day，又称All Hallowmas，来纪念所有的圣人和骑士。因此，十月三十一日就成了万圣节前夕，英文称之All Hallows Eve，而后來人们便简称十月三十一日为Halloween。,Celebrations of Halloween,Pumpkins are also a symbol of Halloween.A Jack-o-lantern is a hollowed-out pumpkin with a face carved on one side.Candles are usually placed inside,giving the face a spooky（幽灵般的）glow.It used to protect people in their homes from those harmful spirits and guide the spirits of their ancestors to their home.,Jack-o-lantern,Jake-O-Lantern,Carved pumpkins are traditionally known as“Jack-o-lanterns.”Traditionally,the jack-o-lantern was carved from a turnip,potato,or beet and lit with a burning candle.These lanterns represented the souls of departed loved ones and were placed in windows or set on porches to welcome the deceased.They also served as protection from evil spirits freed from the dead on Halloween night.In North America,turnips,potatoes,and beets were not as readily available,so the pumpkin was used and found to be a suitable replacement.众人皆知的杰克南瓜灯是刻在南瓜上，但人们一开始是在萝卜，马铃薯或甜菜上刻灯笼，然后挖空并点燃蜡烛在里面，形成灯笼。这些灯笼代表着过世的亲友，并被放置在窗边或门廊上，以欢迎他们回来。他们也被视为可趋魔避邪的象征。在北美洲，萝卜，马铃薯和甜菜很罕见，因此常见的番瓜就成了非常适合的代替品。,They carve pumpkin lanterns,Jack-o-lanterns,People have been making Jack-o-lanterns on Halloween for centuries.The practice originated from an Irish myth about a man known as“Stingy Jack.”Stingy Jack one day invited the Devil to have a drink with him.Not wanting to pay for the drink,he tricked the Devil into turning himself into a coin,and then put the Devil into his pocket next to a cross that prevented the Devil from changing back into his original form.Jack freed the Devil after the Devil promised not to bother Jack or,should he die,claim his soul.万圣节刻杰克南瓜灯的习俗已经有几世纪的历史了。为什么要取名为杰克呢？在爱尔兰人的传说中有个有名的小气杰克。有一天小气杰克请魔鬼喝酒，喝完后，小气杰克却小气地不想付钱，所以他就骗魔鬼，要魔鬼把自己变成一枚硬币，魔鬼变成硬币后，小气杰克迅速地把硬币放在口袋里，和十字架放在一起，以防魔鬼变回原形。之后，魔鬼对小气杰克发誓，他绝对不会对小气杰克报仇，也保证杰克死了也不会让他下地狱。这时，小气杰克才让魔鬼变回原形。,Eventually,when Jack did die,God would not take him into Heaven,and the Devil,who had promised not to claim Jacks soul,could not take him into Hell.Thus,the Devil sent Jacks spirit into the night with only a burning candle to light his way.Jack put the candle into a carved turnip and has been roaming the Earth ever since.The Irish began to refer to this ghostly figure as“Jack of the Lantern,”and then simply as“Jack-o-lantern.”,到小气杰克死掉后，上帝不允许他进入天堂，而魔鬼曾答应过他不会让他下地狱，所以杰克死后哪都去不了。因此，魔鬼就让他的灵魂漂泊在黑夜里，只留给他一根燃烧的蜡烛来指引他从此以后，杰克就把蜡烛放在挖空刻好的萝卜里，并且一直留在人间吓人。爱尔兰人一开始称之为杰克的南瓜灯笼(Jack of the Lantern)，后来简称为杰克南瓜灯(Jack-o-lantern)。,Symbols of Halloween,Modern day Halloween celebrations use many symbols to help make the holiday more interestingSome of these include现代人用许多东西来庆祝万圣节，让这个节日变得更有趣。你知道是哪些东西吗？,蝙蝠是其中一项，因为蝙蝠只住在坟墓，洞穴和废弃的教堂或建筑物中，又因为蝙蝠常令人联想到女巫或吸血鬼，因此他们被视为邪恶的象征。在传说中，女巫和吸血鬼可以化身成蝙蝠，又因为吸血蝙蝠是唯一一种饮血维生的哺乳类动物，因此蝙蝠常让人联想到死亡或邪恶的仪式。,BATS,Because bats only fly at night and live in tombs,caves,and abandoned churches and buildings,they are believed to be omens of evil.They are commonly associated with witches and vampires.It is superstition that witches and vampires can take the form of a bat.Since the vampire bat is the only mammal that feeds on blood,they are often linked to death and occult rituals.,WITCHES,女巫因为会算命又会下好咒语和坏咒语，人们相信女巫们的能力在10月31日这天会最强，所以让很多人很害怕她们。几世纪以来，女巫的形象改变许多，以前人们认为，女巫都是绿皮肤，长的很老，脸上布满皱纹。现在则很多人认为女巫的能力可以是邪恶或具有智慧的。,Witches were thought to be tellers of fortune and to cast spells,both good and bad.This frightened many because it was believed that these powers were the strongest on Halloween night.The image of a witch has changed greatly over the centuries.Once thought to be old,wrinkled,green skinned hags,many people associate witchcraft to either evil or as being wise.,Broomsticks,女巫和扫把形影不离已有几世纪之久，通常女巫会骑着扫把在夜晚飞行，而她们的同伴黑猫会坐在扫把的另一端陪着她们飞行会什么女巫会和扫把形影不离呢？因为在万圣节那天，通常会下着雨，而女巫们需要用扫把扫掉地上的大水坑，或地上的积水以便行走。,Witches and broomsticks go hand in hand.They have been associated for centuries.Often,witches are depicted riding them across the night sky with a black cat on one end.It is believed that because Halloween occurred during the rainy season,women used their broomsticks to vault over large puddles and to sweep water out of their paths while walking.Thus,the two became associated.,OWLS,Superstitions suggest that owls ate the souls of the dying by swooping to Earth.Owls screeches and their glassy stare are an omen ofdeath and disaster.The owl is rarely seen during the day and is associated with night behaviors.传说中，猫头鹰会从天空俯冲下来吃掉人的灵魂。猫头鹰的叫声和眼神让人联想到死亡和灾难。再者，猫头鹰很少在白天出现，也都让人不得不认为他们是属于黑暗和恐怖。,BLACK CATS,Cats,for centuries,have been considered to be spiritual animals that have the ability to sense good and bad spirits.Western superstitions detail that black cats are able to represent spirits or incarnated humans,thereby linking them to witchcraft.Black is also the color most commonly associated with evil.从几世纪前，人们就认为猫是一种有灵性的动物，它们能感应到好或坏的灵魂。西方的传说里，有一种说法，黑猫是灵魂的化身。此外，黑色也是邪恶象征。,Ghosts&Skeletons,Ghosts are universal symbols for the departed.Skeletons and bones are symbols of death and shortness of life.Since Halloweens origins lie as the festival of the dead,it seems only fitting that ghosts and skeletons would be used.,鬼魂是公认的死亡象征骷髅象征死亡和短暂的生命。既然万圣节一开始就是一个鬼节，当然鬼魂和骷髅就理所当然成了万圣节必见的东西。,Spiders&Webs,While many cultures feel that the spider and web represent the weaving of life,in reference to Halloween,they represent dark,spooky places and haunted houses long forgotten.很多文化都视蜘蛛和蜘蛛网为编织生命的象征，但在万圣节，他们却象征着黑暗，恐怖的地方或长久被遗忘的鬼屋。,Other Symbols,Other symbols related to Halloween include the colors black and orange,scarecrows,the moon,vampires,werewolves,and the wearing of masks.其它还包括了黑色和橘色，乌鸦，月亮，吸血鬼，狼人和面具。,Masquerade Parties(化妆舞会),Dressing in masks and costumes is a popular Halloween activity.Costumes can be traditional and scary,such as a witchs pointy hat and black gown.Costumes may also have a modern flavor.Many children dress up as movie characters or a favorite superhero.,Dressing up in costumes is one of the most popular Halloween customs,especially among children.According to tradition,people would dress up in costumes(wear special clothing,masks or disguises)to frighten the spirits away.,Ghost tears,Festival procession,former people dress up like all kinds of monsters but now people in addition to dress up as zombies,witches,vampire,ghosts or medusa classic monster outside,many people pursue innovation still dress up like AoTeMan,spider-man,or various other cartoon image.节日游行时，以前的人们会把自己打扮成各种各样的怪物但是现在的人们除了打扮成僵尸、巫婆、吸血鬼、幽灵或美杜莎等经典的怪物外，有许多人追求创新还会把自己打扮成奥特曼，蜘蛛侠等或是其他各种动漫形象。,masquerade parties（化妆舞会）,Paint faces,wear special costumes with masks,Trick-or-treat,Give us something sweetto eat or we will trick!_,Once in costume,children go from house to house saying“Trick or treat!”In the past,children might play a“trick”on people who did not give treats.They might pelt(扔，掷)houses with eggs or old tomatoes,or play other pranks(恶作剧).Today,childrens cries of“Trick or treat!”are usually rewarded with candy.（不请客就捣乱不给糖吃就捣乱）,Trick or Treat,Trick-or-treating,不给糖就捣蛋的游戏起源于要灵魂饼干的习俗，所谓的灵魂饼干就是将烤好的饼干祭祀过世的人。后来，基督教会鼓励贫穷的人在收获的季节里挨家挨户地乞求食物，若是得到食物，这些穷人就会帮这家庭中过世的人祈祷以谢谢他们。,The modern day custom of trick-or-treating originated from the very old custom of“Going-a-souling”or begging for soul cakes.Soul cakes were baked goods offered to souls of the departed.The Christian Church encouraged the practice of the needy going from home to home gathering food(Going-a-souling)at Harvest time.Prayers for the recently deceased from the needy were exchanged with the giving family.,Those not offering goods were usually punished with a trick on Halloween night or hexed with misfortune for the next year.The term“trick-or-treat”is thought to have first originated in Britain where Halloween was known as“Mischief Night”and the practice of“going-a-souling”was common.。,而穷人们对那些吝啬不给食物的人通常会以恶作剧来惩罚他们，或是诅咒他们下一年都会厄运缠身。大部分人都认为不给糖就捣蛋是起源于恶作剧之夜和要灵魂饼干(going-a-souling)的习俗,Scary Stories,No Halloween party is complete without at least one scary story.Usually one person talks in a low voice while everyone else crowds together on the floor or around a fire.The following is a retelling of a tale told in Britain and in North Carolina and Virginia.,Halloween,What Do You Come For?There was an old woman who lived all by herself,and she was very lonely.Sitting in the kitchen one night,she said,Oh,I wish I had some company.No sooner had she spoken than down the chimney tumbled two feet from which the flesh had rotted.The old womans eyes bulged with terror.Then two legs dropped to the hearth and attached themselves to the feet.Then a body tumbled down,then two arms,and a mans head.As the old woman watched,the parts came together into a great,tall man.The man danced around and around the room.Faster and faster he went.Then he stopped,and he looked into her eyes.What do you come for?She asked in a small voice that shivered and shook.What do I come for?he said.I come for YOU!The narrator shouts and jumps at the person near him!,Terrible food,Its a interesting holiday.Do you think so?,Thank you!Bye bye!,