8BUnit1知识点归纳.ppt

past 名词过去In the past 在过去There was a cinema in this area in the past.过去这儿有一个电影院。In the past two years在过去的两年中（用于完成时）Great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past two years.过去的两年中我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。介词 经过walk past a school=pass a school经过一个学校。,2.present n.现在，目前 at present=at the moment=nowThe students are having a meeting at the moment.礼物=giftbuy him a present=buy a present for him3.just adv.刚才，刚刚（与现在完成时连用）I have just seen her.仅仅 There is just a little milk in the fridge.just now（刚才）（与一般过去时连用）I saw her just now.,4.used to(用于过去持续或经常发生的事)曾经 I used to swim in this river.=I often swam in this river in the past.我过去经常在这条河里游泳。There used to be a cinema in front of my house.=There was a cinema in front of my house in the past.过去我家前面有一家电影院。,I usednt to swim in this river./I didnt use to swim in this river.否定句 疑问式Did sb use to do sth?或Used sb to do sth?Did she use to swim in the river?=Used she to swim in the river?根据要求进行句型转换：She used to teach history.否定式：She used teach history.或She didnt teach history.疑问式：she teach history?或Did she teach history?,be used to do sthbe used for doing sth被用于做某事，Stamps are used to send letters.Stamps are used for sending letters.这把刀被用来切苹果。The knife is used to cut apples.The knife is used for cutting apples.be/become/get used to sth习惯于某事，be/become/get used to doing sth习惯于做某事 Tom is used to getting up early.Tom习惯于早起。,The old man isnt used to the city life.这个老人不习惯城市生活。He used to get up late,so he isnt used to getting up early.他过去经常起的晚，所以他不习惯早起The life we were used to has changed a lot.我们过去习惯了的生活已经改变了许多。,5.since 自以来 Ive lived here since I was born.（since+一般过去时的句子）自从我出生，我就住在这里。Great changes have taken place in our hometown since then.（since+过去一个时间点）自从那时起，我们家乡发生很大变化。They have known each other since ten years ago.(since+一段时间+ago)They haven known each other for ten years.(for+一段时间)他们相互认识十年了。=It is ten years since we began to know each other.,since 由于，既然I told myself to calm down since I was still alive.我告诉自己要镇定下来，因为我仍然活着。Since everyone is here,lets begin our meeting.6.ever 曾经通常用于疑问句中或否定句中。Have you ever seen her?你曾经见过他吗？This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.这是我曾经看过的最有趣的一本书。,7.northern adj.北方的，北部的 in the north of=in the northern part ofHe lives in the north of this city.=He lives in the northern part of this city.他住在这个城市的北部。south-southern east-eastern west-westernBeijing is a northern city of China.8.marry v.结婚(have a wife or a husband)marry sb.She married a football player.marry sb to sb把某人嫁给某人，e.g.He married his daughter to an actor.,get/be married to sb和某人结婚 Yao Ming got married to Ye Li in 2007.表示“已经结婚”用have/has got married/has/have marriedThey have got married.表示“已经结婚多久”用have/has been married for时间段或since时间点。They have been married for 5 years.=They have been married since five years ago.不能说成They have got married for 5 years.也不能说They have married for five years.因为get 和marry 为短暂性动词。,用法拓展marriage n.婚姻 They will celebrate their fifty years of marriage next month.9.wife(pl.wives)n.妻子the fishermens wives 渔民们的妻子们10.block n.街区 My home is two blocks away from your home.11.over prep.在期间 Has the area changed a lot over the years?这些年这个地区变化很大吗？He has learned about two thousand English words over/in/during the past three years.在过去的三年里，他学了大约两千个英语单词。,Class is over.下课了。It took me over/more than two hours to read the story.我花了两个多小时读这个故事。He can jump over the chair.他能跳过这椅子。There is a bridge over the river.河上有座桥。all over the world 全世界12.turninto changeinto 把变成 turn water into ice 把水变成冰The government has turned the place into a beautiful park.政府已把这个地方变成了一个漂亮的公园。13.pollution 污染;污染物(不可数）water pollution水污染air pollution空气污染，noise pollution噪音污染,There is less air pollution in the countryside than in the city.乡下的空气污染比城里少。pollute v.pollute the environment 污染环境We must make laws to prevent people from polluting the air.我们必须制定法律阻止人们污染空气。14.factory a place where things are made by machines 工厂（factories)a steel/car factory 一家钢铁/汽车厂 two shoe factories 两家鞋厂,15.waste 废料；废品浪费 put the waste into the river 把废料排到河里used to dump its waste into water 过去常把废料倒进河里 The meeting was a waste of time.v.浪费Dont waste time.不要浪费时间。16.realize=realise（know or understand something that you did not know before）意识到，实现 He realized that he was wrong.他意识到他错了。Im sure she will realize her mistake.我相信她会意识到她的错误。,At last he realized his dream of becoming an actor.他最终实现了当演员的梦想。17.improve（make something better）改进，改善 improve my English 提高我的英语improve my life 改善我的生活With his help,my English has improved a lot.在他的帮助下，我的英语有了很大的改进。18.situation 形势，情况 improve the situation改善这情况，改善这局面the present situation现状,目前形势,19.in some ways 在某种程度上，在某些方面In some ways you are right.在某些方面你是对的。in different many ways用不同的的很多方法People offered help to people in the poor areas in many ways.人们以许多方式帮助贫困地区的人们。on ones way home在-回家的路上on ones way to school 在-去学校的路上by the way 顺便问一下the way of doing sth 做-的方式 in the way 妨碍,20.however adv.然而 My room is small，however,its comfortable.我的房间很小，但却很舒服。however不能像 but(但是)那样直接连接两个句子(注意正句中的标点符号)。We all tried our best,but we lost the game.我们都尽力了，但是我们还是输掉了比赛。21.impossible adj.不可能 possible 可能的It is impossible/possible for sb.to do sth.对某人来说，做某事不可能/可能 It was impossible for me to win the game without your support.没有你们的支持赢得比赛时不可能的。,It has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.对我们来说，像以前那样经常见面是不可能的了。as-as possible=as-as one can尽可能-You should come here as soon as you can.=You should come here as soon as possible.Nothing is impossible if you try your best.22.before adv.以前，过去，已经（完成时）I havent seen him before.I know nothing about him.我之前没见过他，我对他一无所知。I have seen the film before.我以前看过这部电影。two hours ago(过去时),lonely adj.孤独的，寂寞的，偏僻的 not happy because of being alone lonelier 比较级loneliest最高级:;The old man lives alone but he doesnt feel lonely.那位老人一个人住，但他不感到孤单。He lives in a lonely house alone.他一个人住在一个偏僻的房子里。24.from time to time 不时，有时，偶尔 sometimes=at times We get letters from our uncle from time to time.我们不时收到叔叔的来信。,25.anyway adv.尽管，即使这样,不管怎样说 He didnt get the gold medal.Anyway,he tried his best.他没能拿到金牌。不管怎么说他尽力了。26.husband n.丈夫27.interview n.；vt.采访，会见 have an interview with sb.与某人的会见;采访某人 I had an interview with him for a new job yesterday.昨天我因为一份新的工作与他会见了 There are a number of interviews with some famous football players.interview sb.采访某人Millie is interviewing him to get some information.为了得到更多的信息，Millie正在采访他。,28.all ones life 一生 duringin our life(lives)在我们的一生中 He has lived in Sunshine Town all his life.他一生住在阳光镇。29.yet adv.还，仍 用于否定句或一般疑问句而already用于肯定句 I have already finished my homework.I havent finished my homework yet.（否定句）Have you finished your homework yet?(疑问句)Have you finished your work?No,not yet.=No,I havent.,30.recently adv.近来，最近 Have you seen any films recently?你近期看过电影吗？recent adj.in recent years在近几年He has changed a lot in recent years.近几年他变化了许多。my recent photos 我的近照31.environment n.环境（不可数）protect our environment保护我们的环境 good environment良好的环境,32.transport n.交通工具，运输工具 transport at different times不同时期的交通工具33.condition n.环境，条件，状况 Our living conditions have improved a lot over the years.我们的生活条件近几年提高了不少。34.return vi.返回go back return to sp.=go back to sp.返回某地 return home=go back home return sb.sth.=return sth.to sb.=give sth.back to sb.把某物还给某人,35.last adv.上一次，最后 When did you last see each other?你们最后一次见面时何时？last weekyeartime上周去年上次动词 持续The meeting will not last long.会议不会持续太久。36.abroad adv.在（到）国外(in or to a foreign country)go abroad for further study出国深造 be abroad 在国外 study abroad 留学 live abroad 住在国外,37.primary adj.小学教育的，初级的primary school 小学38.keep in touch保持联系 get/keep in touch with;be in touch with跟保持be out of touch失去联系They keep in touch with each other by writing.We have been out of touch for many years.我们已经多年失去联系了。touch 动词touches(触摸）Dont touch the tigers,or they will hurt municate vi&vt交流；交际 communicate with 与 交流 The boy is so shy.He is afraid of communicating with municate by email 通过邮件交流,communication(u.n)have communication with othersThe child has little communication with others.那个小孩与别人几乎没交流。daily communication日常交际40.exactly adv.（答语）正确，没错 exactly correct 准确的，精确的 exactly right完全正确What does DIY exactly mean?,41.narrow adj.狭窄的(not wide or broad)narrow path狭窄的小路narrow table狭窄的餐桌 narrow idea狭窄的思维42.open space开阔的空地 in the open space在开阔地,