2015中考英语语法专题复习被动语态.ppt

被动语态,什么叫被动语态？,I,close,the door,主,谓,宾,is,d,by,me,一、被动语态含义,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。将宾语变主语 主语变宾语 谓语变 be+V.pp,二、被动语态结构,主+be+V.pp+(by sb.),Exercise,1.许多树被种。Many trees are planted(by people).2.那首歌被唱了许多遍了。The song is sung many times(by people).,八种时态下的被动语态,三、被动语态的时态,am/is/are+V.pp,1）一般现在时,2)一般过去时 was/were+V.ppEg:那个杯子昨天被我打破了。That cup was broken by me.,3)现在进行时am/is/are being+V.ppEg:这里一个新电影院正在被建。A new cinema is being built here,4)过去进行时was/were being+V.ppEg：昨晚八点一个会议正在被召开。A meeting was being held at 8 oclock last night.,5)现在完成时 has/have been+V.pp eg:工作已经被他们完成了。The work has been finished by them.,6)过去完成时 had been+V.ppeg:截止去年底，一个新体育馆已经在北京被完成了。By the end of last year,a new gym had been completed in Beijing.,7)一般将来时 will be+V.ppEg:如果工厂关闭，成百上千的工作将会被丢 Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.,8）过去将来时 should/would be+V.ppEg:她说消息会被送给Tom。She said that the news would be sent to Tom.,9)情态动词的被动语态 can/may/must be+V.ppEg:你的作业必须被完成。Your homework must be finished.,四、句子种类,主+系+表主+动主+动+宾主+动+双宾主+动+宾+宾补,1)主+动+双宾的被动,I give you a book.主 动 间接宾语 直接宾语You are given a book(by me).A book is given to you(by me).,2)“主+动+宾+宾补”结构的被动语态，将宾语 变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动.,They turned the room into a shop.,The room was turned into a shop.,主 动 宾 宾补,3）在使役动词have,make,get以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等变为被动结构时，要加to.,I saw a stranger walk into the building,A stranger was seen to walk into the building.,4)有些动词词组用于被动结构，要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。,The baby was looked after carefully.,She looked after the baby carefully.,课堂练习（一）改写句子1.We plant trees in spring every year._ by us in spring every year.2.She posted the letter yesterday._ by her yesterday.3.Mr Turner gave me a birthday present._a birthday present by Mr Turner.4.He is drawing a picture._ by him.5.You may hand in your homework tomorrow._ by you tomorrow.6.She is going to write a letter._ by her.,Trees are planted,The letter was posted,I was given,A picture is being drawn,Your homework may be handed in,A letter is going to be written,7.I have given you the new book._ to you.8.Her bag cannot be found by her._ her bag.9.Do you often hear her sing Russian songs?_Russian songs by you?10.She doesnt let her son swim in the river._ in the river by her.11.The bridge was being built by them at this time last year._ the bridge at this time last year.12.Does she often sing the song?_ by her?,The new book has been given,She cannot find,Is she often heard to sing,Her son isnt let to swim,They were building,Is the song often sung,1.If city noises _ from increasing，people _ shout to be heard even at dinner A are not kept；will have toB are not kept；have C do not keep；will have to D do not keep；have to 2.The fifth generation computers,_and perfected now.A.developed B.have developed C.are being developed D.will have been developed3.-_ the sports meet might be put off-Yes，it all depends on the weather A Ive been told B Ive told C Im told D I told,A,C,A,4.I need one more stamp before my collection _.A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed 5.Rainforests _ and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A.cut B.are cut C.are being cut D.had been cut 6.The new bridge _ by the end of last month.A.has been designed B.had been designed C.was designed D.would be designed7.When part of a pencil is in a glass of water,it looks as if it _.A.breaks B.has broken C.was broken D.had been broken,D,C,B,C,8.Great changes _ in the city,and a lot of factories _.A.have been taken place;have been set up B.have taken place;have been set upC.have taken place;have set up D.were taken place;were set up9.That suit _ over 60 dollars.A.had costed B.costed C.is costed D.cost10.-Look!Everything here is under construction.-Whats the pretty small house that _ for?A.is being built B.has been built C.is built D.is building 11.-Do you like the cloth?-Yes,it _ very soft.A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt,B,D,A,C,12.It is difficult for a foreigner _ Chinese A write B to write C to be written D written 13.I have no more letters _，thank you A to type B typing C to be typed D typed14.Take care!Dont drop the ink on your shirt,for it _ easily.A.wont wash out B.wont be washed out C.isnt washed out D.isnt washing out15.Nobody noticed the thief slip into the house because the lights happened to _.A.be put up B.give in C.be turned on D.go out,B,C,A,D,16.The computers on the table _ Professor Smith.A.belongs B.are belonged to C.belongs to D.belong to17.-What do you think of the book?-Oh,excellent.Its worth _ a second time.A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read18.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed _.A.catching B.to be caught C.being caught D.to catch 19.This page needed _ again.A.being checked B.checked C.to check D.to be checked 20._ many times,the boy still didnt know how to do it.A.Having taught B.Having been taught C.taught D.Teaching,D,C,C,D,B,