梁问题实例.PPT
,ANSYS,2,BEAM31、可承受拉、压、弯作用的单轴单元。单元的每个节点有三个自由度,即沿x,y方向的线位移及绕Z轴的角位移。2、二维弹性等截面对称梁,一般不考虑剪切。,3,BEAM41、是一种可用于承受拉、压、弯、扭的单轴受力单元。这种单元在每个节点上有六个自由度:x、y、z三个方向的线位移和绕x,y,z三个轴的角位移。2、三维弹性等截面对称梁,一般不考虑剪切。,4,BEAM188/189,1、可定义梁的截面形状,支持多材料横截面的定义。2、支持大多数非线性。3、包括横向剪切变形4、BEAM188(3维2节点)/BEAM189(3维3节点),6-7个自由度。第7个自由度是翘曲量。,注意:BEAM3 BEAM4 对形函数采用 Hermitian 多项式,导致弯曲中的三次响应。弯曲中BEAM188/189 分别有线性和二次响应,因此需要细化网格。,5,四、ANSYS求解梁问题实例,梁截面为方形,边长为0.1m,AC=CB=10m,均布载荷4kN/m,如图所示,材料的弹性模量210GPa,泊松比0.3,分析梁的受力和绘出内力图。,6,1、初步分析,7,2、分析类型,静力分析,3、问题描述,一维梁问题,4、ANSYS单位,m N Pa,5、单元,BEAM3:2节点(每个节点3个自由度),6、材料,弹性模量和泊松比,7、实常数,面积、惯性矩、截面高度,8,1 进入ANSYS程序 ANSYSED 9.0 ANSYS Product Launcher change the working directory into yours input Initial jobname:beam Run2 设置计算类型 ANSYS Main Menu:Preferences select Structural OK3 定义材料参数ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor Material Props Material Models Structural Linear Elastic Isotropic input EX:2.1e11,PRXY:0.3 OK,9,4 选择单元类型ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor Element TypeAdd/Edit/Delete Add select Beam 2D elastic3 OK(back to Element Types window)Close(the Element Type window),10,5 定义实常数 ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor Real Constants Add select Type 1 OKinput AREA:0.01;IZZ:0.0001/12;HEIGHT:0.1OK Close(the Real Constants Window),11,6生成几何模型生成关键点 ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor Modeling Create Keypoints In Active CS 依次输入两个点的坐标:input:1(0,0),2(20,0)OK生成梁ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor Modeling Create Lines lines Straight lines 依次连接两个关键点,1(0,0),2(20,0)OK,7、划分单元ANSYS Main Menu:Preprocessor Meshing Mesh Tool,(Size Controls)Global:Set input NDIV:20 OK,12,Mesh:lines,Mesh Pick All(in Picking Menu)Close(the Mesh Tool window),显示梁体ANSYS命令菜单栏:PlotCtrls Style Size and Style/ESHAPE On OK,13,8 模型施加约束给节点1施加x和y方向的约束ANSYS Main Menu:Solution Define Loads Apply Structural Displacement On Nodes 节点1 OK select Lab2:UX和UY OK给节点2施加y方向的约束ANSYS Main Menu:Solution Define Loads Apply Structural Displacement On Nodes 节点2 OK select Lab2:UY OK给节点12施加y方向的约束ANSYS Main Menu:ANSYS Main Menu:Solution Define Loads Apply Structural Displacement On Nodes 节点12 OK select Lab2:UY OK给梁施加均布载荷ANSYS Main Menu:Solution Define Loads Apply Structural Pressure On Beams Pick All LKEY,VALI:4000 OK9 分析计算 ANSYS Main Menu:Solution Solve Current LS OK(to close the solve Current Load Step window)OK,14,给节点1施加x和y方向的约束,给梁施加载荷,15,16,10、约束力ANSYS Main Menu:General Postproc list Results reaction solu select All items OK,17,11、结构的变形图 ANSYS Main Menu:General Postproc Plot Results Deformed Shape select Def+Undeformed OK,18,12、挠度ANSYS Main Menu:General Postproc Plot Results Contour Plot Nodal Solu select:DOF solution,Y-Component of displacement OK,19,13 单元表的制作,ANSYS Main Menu:General Postproc Element TableDefine Table Add 在User label for item 输入im,在Results data item 选择By sequence num 并输入“smisc,6”Apply在User label for item 输入jm,在Results data item 选择By sequence num 并输入“smisc,12”Apply在User label for item 输入is,在Results data item 选择By sequence num 并输入“smisc,2”Apply在User label for item 输入js,在Results data item 选择By sequence num 并输入“smisc,8”OK单击CLOSE关闭对话框ANSYS Main Menu:General Postproc Element TableList Elem Table 弹出对话框选择imOK(列表显示出im的内容)同理可得其余表的内容。,20,21,ANSYS Main Menu:General Postproc Plot Results Contour Plot Line Elem Resselect:LabI(is);LabJ(js)OK(绘出剪力分布图),22,ANSYS Main Menu:General Postproc Plot Results Contour Plot Line Elem Resselect:LabI(im);LabJ(jm)OK(绘出弯矩分布图),23,14、X方向应力,请看单元帮助利用单元表提取X方向的最大应力,