学术英语(理工)-Unit.ppt

,学术英语 理工,Academic English for Science and Engineering,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,Unit Contents,1 Preparing your oral presentation2 Organizing the content3 Using proper language4 Delivering your presentation5 Using visual aids6 Dealing with Q and A7 Raising questions in class and in the lecture8 Participating in discussions,1 Preparing your oral presentation,How to prepare for the presentation,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,1 Preparing your oral presentation,How to prepare for the presentation:,1 Think about two things before the presentation:a)your purpose;b)your audience.2 Draft your presentation,and then summarize your draft into points to write on the slides of PPT and/or cards.3 Rehearse your presentation.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,2 Organizing the content,Three parts of a presentationTask 1 Task 3Task 4,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,2 Organizing the content,Three parts of a presentation:,Part 1 Introduction.a)Capture your audiences attention.b)State your purpose or your goal.c)Introduce the major points in the beginning.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,2 Organizing the content,Three parts of a presentation:,Part 2 Body.a)Present your main points one by one in a logical order and use signal words to indicate where you are.b)Keep to the main points and avoid excessive details.c)Pause at the end of each point,to give the audience time to take notes,or time to think about what you are saying.d)Use examples or anecdotes to illustrate your point whenever you find it difficult or abstract for the audience to understand.e)Use analogies.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,2 Organizing the content,Three parts of a presentation:,Part 3 Conclusion.a)Let the audience know that you are approaching the end of the presentation,by restating your purpose,and saying that you have achieved it.b)Leave your audience with a clear summary of the main points you have covered in the talk.c)Thank the audience.d)Give the audience a chance to ask questions.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,1 Function:Describe the outline of the talk,2 Function:Introduce the topic,3 Function:Indicate the shift from one idea to another,4 Function:Give closing remarks,5 Function:Summarize the talk,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,2 Organizing the content,1 Yes,he wanted to draw the audience attention immediately.,2 To introduce his topic and raise the awareness about the seriousness of global warming.,3 Yes,the story really created the effect he wanted to have on the audience.,4 To echo the idea presented in the beginning part of the talk that global warming is a serious issue.,5 To create a good effect.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,2 Organizing the content,According to a recent survey,two-thirds of the worlds polar bears will be extinct by the mid-century.We heard“save the whales”in the 1990s,we are hearing“save the polar bear”now,we will hear soon“save the human beings”.For the next 10 minutes or so Im going to look at some of the serious effects of global warming.Basically Ive divided my presentation into 3 parts.In the first part Ill talk about the melting glaciers and the way that these are contributing to rising sea levels.Then in the second part Ill look at climate change and give you some examples of how this is having a serious impact on wild animals behavior and habitat.And in the final part Ill focus on the retreating snowlines and consider how these are causing the death of certain species of trees.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,2 Organizing the content,3 Using proper language,Tips for using proper languageTask 1,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,3 Using proper language,Tips for using proper language:,1)Use less formal or even colloquial language 2)Use simple language 3)Use more examples and analogies to illustrate your points 4)Use few pronouns and do not be afraid of repetition.5)Check the pronunciation of difficult,unusual,or foreign words beforehand,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,1 Questions about personal habits.There are two functions for asking the questions:1)a topic-related question may help lead audience to this talk;2)it is more attractive and interesting for audience.,2 There are three major points the speaker will cover in his talk:1)the problem of sleep deprivation;2)the causes;and 3)the effects.The speaker introduces the main points of his talk in the very beginning so that the audience can follow it easily.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,3 Using proper language,3 Lets start with the problem of sleep deprivation.First,what are the causes of sleep deprivation?Now I m going to move on to the effects of sleep deprivation.Another consequence of sleep deprivation is car accidents.,4 To make his lectures more concrete and understandable.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,3 Using proper language,5 How many of you would say that that you dont go to sleep when you should because of the TV or the Internet?So now,what are the effects of sleep deprivation?The most common effect is,of course,sleepiness during the day.Let me ask youWhen do you feel sleepy?The rhetorical questions may involve the audience into his lecture.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,3 Using proper language,6 Lets,well,yeah,now,so,you,as you can see.The colloquial expressions may narrow the distance between the speaker and audience.,7 The style is more informative and colloquial.The language is easy.For example,the structure and the vocabulary is simple.Many transitional words are used to guide the audience.Examples,personal experiences and stories are preferred to make the talk more interesting.Repetition is often employed to make his talk more understandable.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,3 Using proper language,4 Delivering your presentation,Tips for delivering a presentationTask 1,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,4 Delivering your presentation,Tips for delivering a presentation:,1)Speak loudly enough for everyone in the room to hear you.2)Speak slowly and clearly,especially in terms of key words and important points.3)Vary your voice quality.4)Vary your speed.5)Use pauses.6)Use body language.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,1 Yes,he varied the volume of his voice and his speed when he wanted to place the emphasis on what he was saying.,2 Yes,he made full use of his hands and his facial expression to achieve the maximal effects.,3 He paused for the audience to think of the answer.He spoke word by word to emphasize the terrible result if the question is not appropriate replied.,4 The speaker wanted to place emphasis on the idea conveyed.,5 To add weight to the sentence.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,4 Delivering your presentation,5 Using visual aids,Using visual aidsTips for making PPTTask 1,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,5 Using visual aids,Using visual aids:,1)PPTs are the easiest and most reliable form of visual aids.2)Handouts are also an ideal aid.3)The use of a whiteboard/blackboard in a classroom to add extra information is sometimes also necessary.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,Tips for making PPT:,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,5 Using visual aids,a)reduce the major points in the lecture to words and phrases.b)use bold typeface,and a reasonable size.c)use double space and give your audience time to take notes when they read each slide.d)use colors,pictures and graphs which can make your PPTs more interesting and effective.e)simplicity is the best esthetic tactic.,1 By using the slide in which the statistics of U.S.emissions are shown.,2 He wrote the suggestions on the slides,each slide for one suggestion.,3 The speaker uses more pictures while Gore uses more words.,4 They only put key words or key points on the slides and use bold typeface and a reasonable size so that the audience can see the words clearly.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,5 Using visual aids,5 The speaker of Lecture 10 uses small cards held in his hand while Gore simply uses slides as a prompt for his talk.,6 Gore asked the audience to raise hands to answer the question“how many people here serve on the board of directors of a corporation?”while the speaker of Lecture 10 uses“we”and“you”to narrow the distance between the audience and him.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,5 Using visual aids,6 Dealing with Q and A,Tips for dealing with Q and A,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,6 Dealing with Q and A,Tips for dealing with Q and A:,1)Listen to the entire question.2)Pause and repeat the question.3)Credit the person for asking the question.4)Respond to the question honestly and the best you can.5)Bridge to the next question by asking them a question.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,7 Raising questions in class and in the lecture,Tips for raising questions,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,7 Raising questions in class and in the lecture,Tips for raising questions:,Questions are often begun with:What does mean?Does that mean?Do you mean by Would you mind explaining the point about?Could you say that last bit again please?You mention but how is that related to?Could you explain the point about?,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,8 Participating in discussions,Tips for participating in discussionsTask,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,8 Participating in discussions,Tips for participating in discussions:,1)Ask a question so that the speaker can clarify or elaborate on a point that you may not understand.2)Make a comment to link two peoples opinions.3)Explain that you find another persons ideas interesting or useful,and describe why.4)Build on what someone else has said and extend his/her opinion and thought.5)Paraphrase a point someone has already made and build on it.6)Summarize several peoples opinions.7)Ask a cause-and-effect.8)Disagree with someone in a respectful and constructive way.,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,1 Function:Express a point of view,2 Function:Explain a reason,3 Function:Give evidence for an argument,4 Function:Acknowledge a persons idea,5 Function:Offer a reason for disagreement,6 Function:Give your own argument.,8 Participating in discussions,Unit 6 Making an OralPresentation,