简单句的五种基本类型.ppt

简单句的五种基本类型,简单句（Simple Sentences）由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子。并列句(Compound Sentences)由并列连词（and,but,or,so等）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。复合句 Complex Sentences由一个主句和一个以上的从句构成的句子。英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了!-呵呵,就像俺这样:,Practice makes perfect!-熟能生巧,Do not worry!,一个完整的简单句按结构分 由“主语部分+谓语部分”构成For example:The man is writing.(主语部分)(谓语部分),哲学上说:运动是绝对的静止是相对的,造句的关键就在于动词一般而言,每个句子都应该有个动词(除了省略句外),动词,连系动词主要动词 行为动词 助动词辅助动词 情态动词,be(is am are was were)/seem/keep是/好象(似乎)是/保持look/feel/taste/smell/sound 看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)become/turn/get/grow 变得,不及物动词 laugh/smile/look/listen及物动词 see/hear/drink/eat,be(is/am/are/was/were)do/does/didhave/has/hadwill/shall/be going to/,can/may/must/shall/needcould/should/would/mighthave(has)to/had better,连系动词,be(is am are was were)/seem/keep/是/好象(似乎)是/保持look/feel/taste/smell/sound/看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)become/turn/get/grow/变得,表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说:连系动词后面的就是表语!,He is a boy.She is a girl.They are students.They are good.He looks/seems ill.The apple tastes nice.Trees turn green.Your idea sounds good.,主语 连系动词 表语,连系动词,主系表结构（SVP）=主语+连系动词+表语,Mr.Li is a good teacher.,The movie is interesting/wonderful.,He feels hungry.,The flower looks beautiful.,主语Subject:表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。也就是动作的发出者。一般由名词、代词或相当于名词、代词的词或短语等充当。,谓语Predicate:说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。也就是做了什么行为动作或处于什么状态。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）用动词。,宾语Object:表示动作、行为的对象。也就是动作的接受者。一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。,狗 咬 人。主语The dog 谓语bites 宾语a man,人 跑。主语The man 谓语 is running.,及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词:see/hear/drink/eat/I saw him last week.We heard the bad news yesterday.They eat bread every day.He drank a glass of milk just now.不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词:laugh/smile/look/listen/She smiled happily.They laughed loudly.如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助:She look at the blackboard carefully.He listened to his teacher in class.They laughed at us after the match.,什么是及物动词和不及物动词呢?!,The boy is fishing.,The girl dances well.,The duck is swimming.,The woman walks slowly.,主谓结构（SV）=主语+谓语动词,不及物动词,He likes basketball game.,He plays computer games every day.,He played soccer yesterday.,He is playing the guitarnow.,及物动词,主谓宾结构（SVO）=主语+谓语+宾语,有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，那就要看意思上的区别了：,他们在放风筝。They are flying the kites.,风筝在天上飞。The kites are flying in the sky.,He gave me a present.,She teaches us.She teaches English.,She teaches us English.,She told me a story.,及物动词,主谓双宾结构（SVOiOd）=主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有(A)buy/build/choose/cook/make/draw He bought me a new bike.也可以改为for sb 的句式 He bought a new bike for me.(B)give/take/send/bring/show/write/sell/lend/pass/return/offer/readShe lent me a book.也可以改为 to sb的句式 She lent a book to me.(c)borrow/get也可以改为from sb的句式 She borrowed a book from me yesterday.,主谓宾宾补结构（SVOC）=主语+谓语+宾语+宾语的补足语,He told me to clean my room.,I saw her dancing.,Our teacher asks us to read English every day.,及物动词,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有,let/make sb.do sth.,ask/tell/want/allow/wish/sb.to do sth.expect/encourage/invite/teach,find/see/hear/watch/notice/feel sb.do sth.sb.doing sth.,help sb.(to)do sth.,_句 She is a very good girl.(_语)(_词)(_语)_句:They laughed.The kites fly in the sky.(_语)(_词)(_语)(_词)_句:I bought a new bike.He plays volleyball.(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)(_词)(_语)_句:She told me a story.He gave me a good book.(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)_句:He asked me to help him.He made me happy.(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语),蛮简单的哦!Let me try!,1 主系表:She is a very good girl.(主语)(连系动词)(表语)2 主谓:They laughed.The kites are flying in the sky.(主语)(谓语动词)(主语)(谓语动词)3主谓宾:I bought a new bike.He plays volleyball.(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)4主谓宾宾:She told me a story.He gave me a good book.(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语)5主谓宾宾补 He asked me to help him.He made me happy.(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语补足语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语补足语),Keys,The boy is asleep.,The boy is sleeping.,主谓宾,主谓,The boy is playing the guitar.,His music is very beautiful.,It is beautiful music.,主系表,He is playing happily.,判断这些句子的类型并理解be动词的双重身份（连系动词助动词）,Exercise,Everything goes well.we exercise every day.we are sitting now.you are listening carefully.you are listening to me carefully.we are having an English class.I teach you English.last week I bought a gift for my son.I will write a letter to you.we should keep our classroom clean every day.I know a little girl called Lily.we find it difficult to learn English.we felt very excited today.Trees are green.,Summary,Everything goes well.we exercise every day.we are sitting now.you are listening carefully._主谓句you are listening to me carefully.we are having an English class.I know a little girl called Lily._主谓宾句 I teach you English.last week I bought a gift for my son I will write a letter to you._主谓宾宾句we should keep our class room clean every day(13)we find it difficult to learn English_主谓宾补句 we felt very excited today.Trees are green._主系表句,Summary,