医学常用英文术语.ppt

Medical English-terminology(术语),Zhang Fan,Associate Professor张 帆 副教授Hainan Medical University 海南医学院,Self Introduction,Bachelor degree in Clinic Medicine,Xiangya Medical School,CSU;Master degree in Nutrition,Kings College London,University of LondonMD in Nutrition,Nutrition and Health Institute,China CDC,Questions,What does Medical English mean to you?Why do we have to learn it?What are the differences between Medical English and Public English?,The difficulties in medical English,New wordsLong sentences,body,article,systems,organs,tissues,cells,parts,paragraphs,sentences,words,1.Origins of Medical Language,Parkinson diseasehepatitisSARSposttraumatic stress disorderarthritis,Meniere diseasenuclear medicine scannerAIDSAlzheimer diseaseosteoporosis,Exercise,Greek or Latin B.Eponym C.Acronym D.modern language,Example,2.Word Parts,Problem：medical terms are too long,what can we do？,venofibrosis=veno静脉+fibro纤维+sis状态（化）venography=veno静脉+graphy造影术venosclerosis=veno静脉+sclero硬+sis化venovenostomy=veno静脉+ven静脉+ostomy吻合术,2.Word Parts,Example,gastroduodenostomy a communication between the stomach and the first part of the small intestine.,Example,gastro=胃(stomach)duodenum=十二指肠anastomosis=吻合术gastro+duoden+ostomy=?,1)combining form,In the linguistics of word formation,a combining form is a bound designed to combine with another combining form or a free word.There are hundreds of combining forms in English and other European languages.As traditionally defined,they cannot stand alone as free words.E.g.,bio-graphy=biography,Combining vowel,In Greek and Latin grammar,combining bases usually require a thematic or stem-forming vowel.A vowel usually facilitates the combination:in biography,the Greek thematic vowel-o-,in miniskirt,the Latin thematic-i-.This vowel is usually regarded as attached to the initial base(bio-,mini-)rather than the final base(-graphy,-skirt).E.g.,auto-analysis,hydro-electricity,2)Word Formation,1.Which of the following is a compound word?urinary skeletal gastrointestinal coronary artery,compound word,gastrointestinal胃+combining vowel+肠道+suffix(adj.),2)Word Formation,2.The adjective for thorax 胸 is_thoraxicthoracic thoral thorial thoraxial,2)Word Formation,The adjective for thorax is thoracic,Case Study,Multiple Health Problems-Secondary to Injury,Case Study:Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,D.S.,a 28-year-old woman,was treated for injuries sustained in a train derailment accident.sustain-v.经受derailment-n.出轨 cognitive derailment-认知错乱,Case Study:Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,During the course of her treatment,she was seen by several specialists专科医师.For pain in her knee and hip joints,she was referred转诊 to an orthopedist.For migraine headaches and blurry 模糊 vision,she consulted a neurologist.,Case Study:Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,For pain on urination排尿 and occasional bloody urine,she saw a urologist.Later,for a persistent dry cough and problems resulting from a fractured nose,she was referred to an otorhinolaryngologist.Q1.The-ist in the words is a:a.prefix b.root c.suffix bining form e.conjunction,Case Study:Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,During her initial course of treatment,she had a CT scan of her abdomen腹部 and brain and an MRI of her hip and knee.Q2.MRI stands for magnetic resonance imaging.This term represents a(n):bining form b.acronym c.prefix d.suffix,Both imaging studies required her to lie motionless on her back for 45 minutes.Q3.This position is referred to as:a.supine b.prone c.lateral recumbent d.lithotomy e.Trendelenburg,Case Study:Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,Case Study:Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,Several months after the accident,D.S.was still experiencing some discomfort,and she decided to investigate alternative therapies替代疗法.She made an appointment with a practitioner who specialized in homeopathy顺势疗法 and herbal medicine.,Case Study:Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,Before her appointment,she browsed in the Nutra-Medica Shop,which carried nutritional supplements营养补充剂,vitamin and mineral products,homeopathic remedies顺势治疗药,and herbal formulas方剂.,Case Study:Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,She planned to ask the therapist about some of the products that she saw there,which included remedies with the trade names Pneumogen,Arthogesia-Plus,Renovite,Nephrostat,and Hematone.Q4.The products Renovite and Nephrostat are named for their action on the:a.lung b.nerves c.liver d.heart e.kidney,Prefix Exercise 1,anaboveect,exdifferentend,enlarge,enlargeheterwithout,nothomwithin,innerhyperouter,outhypobelowmegaroundmicrsame peri small,Common suffix,Common suffix,Techniques for learning medical terms built from word parts,Analyzing DefiningBuilding,Analyzing,Divide the term into word parts with vertical slashes:“/”Label each word part by using the abbreviations:WR,P,S,CVLabel the combining forms,Exercise 2,hypodermic antisepticdyskinesia periodontitis,To analyze the medical words,Exercise 2,Root Root+Suffix Prefix+Root+Suffixderm dermic hypodermic sept septic antiseptickines kinesis dyskinesia odont odontitis periodontitis,皮下的防腐的运动障碍牙周炎,Exercise 3,WORD anemiaendocarditishomosexualhypodermichypertensionhepatitisAIDSarthritisosteoporosisgastrointestinal,MEANING贫血心内膜炎同性恋的皮下的高血压肝炎艾滋病关节炎骨质疏松胃肠的,Summary,1.Origins of Medical language:Greek&Latin Eponyms Acronyms Modern language,Summary,2.Four word parts:Root Suffix Prefix Combining vowel,Summary,3.Techniques for learning medical terms built from word parts,Analyzing DefiningBuilding,Homework,To finish the exercise from Page 9-13.,BEA Confidential.|40,THE END,Thank You,