英语：高一定语从句课件.ppt

*Attributive*my tractormy red tractorfour guidestwo guitars on the walla few mixtures in the bottlesI have something important to tell you.I need a room to live in.The white and black dog sleeping under the treeThe old lady killed in the accident yesterday has been buried.,*Read the following and translate them:1.The dog(that)I found was very hungry.2.The tomatoes(which)I bought were green.3.The noodles(that)I cooked were delicious.4.The food that was on the table was expensive.5.The pancake(which)I ate was too dry.*Join these pairs of sentences:e.g.The eggs were not fresh.I bought them yesterday.The eggs were not fresh.,(that/which)I bought yesterday,定 语 从 句,定语从句（一）1.定语从句:用来修饰主句中某一名词或代词的从句.它一 般都跟在所修饰的名词或代词的后面,被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词.2.引导词:关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as（主宾表）关系副词:when,where,why（状）(whose作定语;whom作宾语),人,人,物,人/物,1.He prefers the cheese.It comes from his parents farm.2.The noodles were delicious.You cooked them.3.I prefer dumplings.They have just been cooked.4.Dont drink water.It has not been boiled.5.The tomatoes were expensive.We ate them just now.,-He prefers the cheese,-The noodles were delicious.,(that)you cooked,-I prefer dumplings,that have just been cooked.,that/which comes from his parents farm.,-Dont drink water,which has not been boiled.,-The tomatoes were expensive.,(that/which)we ate,6.The pancakes were made of corn.You had them for breakfast.7.San Francisco is a big city.It lies in the west of the States very near the Pacific.8.Cheap houses were built with little money.They were not strong enough.,-The pancakes(that/which)you had for breakfast were made of corn.,-San Francisco is a big city which/that lies in the west of the States very near the Pacific.,-Cheap houses that/which were not strong enough were built with little money.,9.The letter is from my aunt.I received it two days ago.10.The play was very interesting.We saw it the night before.11.The train was late.It was going to Yichang.12.Wheat is a plant.It is grown in northern China.13.I have lost the watch.My father gave it to me two years ago.14.Cheese is made from milk.It is liked by people in western countries.15.Cream,butter and cheese are kinds of food.They make you fat.,16.This is the best film.It has been shown this year.17.This is the first school.They visited it in this city.18.Everything is good to him.She has done it.19.This is the only pencil.She found it in the drawer.20.This is the very magazine.I am looking for it.21.This is the dictionary.Its cover has been broken.22.This is the tree.Its leaves first turn yellow in the fall.,定语从句（二）,that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that,不用which。,(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。,I am sure she has something(that)you can borrow.,(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等 修饰时。,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,This is the first book(that)he has read.,(4)先行词被the only,the very,the last修饰时。,This is the very book that I am looking for.,（5）先行词既有人，又有物，引导词只用that,The school and students that he visited made a deep,impression(印象)on him.,(6)Who/Which/What.之后引导词用that,不用who或which,Who is the lady that is talking to our teacher?,Which is the book that you want to read?,All _ he learned from the teachers is valuable.You can find all the information _ you need on the Internet.He told me everything _ he heard at the meeting.Sydney is the first place _ I visited in Australia.This is the most amusing(惊讶的)story _ I have read.The only information _ I got is his address.This is the very moment _ can decide your future.Ill never forget the beautiful village and the kind villagers _ I visited the summer holiday.Who is the man _is standing by the window?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,*Fill in the gaps with a proper word:1.All_ I could do is the offer of my comfort.2.The book_I need is in my bag.3.The Great Wall is the longest wall_ has ever existed in the world.4.To get the job started,all_I need is your permission.5.Finally,the thief handed everything_ he had stolen to the police.6.Is this the museum_ you visited the other day?,(that),(that/which),that,(that),(that),(that/which),1.非限制性定语从句He came late again,which made me angry.2.关系词前有介词This is the room in which Chairman once lived.3.一个句子中含有两个定从，一个关系代词用that,另一个用whichLet me show you the book that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.,定语从句（三）只用which,不用that,1.先行词one,ones,anyone,指代人The person I want to learn from is one who studies hard.2.There be There is a gentleman who wants to see you3.先行词在被分割的定语从句中I met a foreigner in the park yesterday who can speak Chinese well4.一个句子中两个定从，一个用that,另一个whoThe man that was praised at the meeting is the monitor who is very modest.,定语从句（四）修饰人只用who,不用that,定语从句（五）,引导词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的单复数与所修饰的先行词保持一致。This is the girl who _(practice)the piano every day.He has a daughter who _(be)very pretty.He had two daughters who _(be)beautiful.,practices,is,were,1.One of 结构中：Tom is one of the boys who were late.Tom is the(only/the only)of the boys who was late.2.I,who _ fond of music,decide to major in music at college.,am,定语从句（六）,引导词在从句中做宾语，可以省略。Your friend(_ studies in Beijing University)came to see you yesterday.He is the man(_you have been waiting for.)The necklace(_ Mary borrowed from her friend)was made of glass.The book(that I borrowed it from the library)is well written.The watch I gave it to her works well.,who/that,who/that/whom/,which/that/,/,/,定语从句（七）,关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，可以把介词提前，介词+which/whomThe man _you talked to is a famous actor.The man to _you talked is a famous actor.The book _I heard about was written ten years ago.The book about _I heard was written ten years ago.,whom/who/that/-,whom,which/that/-,which,1.Do you know the student _?A.whom I often talk B.with who I often talkC.I often talk with D.that I often talk2.Can you tell me the book _the other day?A.you talked about B.about that you talked aboutC.that you talked D.which you talked,C,A,定语从句（八）,当先行词为时间、地点名词，且从句中缺少时间、地点状语，用关系副词when,where引导从句。当先行词为reason,且从句中缺少原因状语，用关系副词why 引导从句,I still remember the day _I first came to Ji xi.,when,Ill never forget the time _we worked on the farm.,when,This is the house _we lived last year.,where,The factory _his father works is in the west of the city.,where,This was the reason _I was late.,why,*Translate the following:1.The house where we used to live was a very old building.2.The school where I used to go is 7 kilometers away.3.The hospital where I was born was very small.4.Ill never forget the day when we were set free.5.I remember the time when slaves used to be sold.6.Ill never forget the time when I was sold to the rich farmer.,定语从句（九）,1.关系副词when 和where引导的定语从句中，when和where 可以用介词+which 来代替，介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定。,He will remember the years _he studied at college.,when,/in which,This is the farm _my father used to work.,where,/on which,2.关系副词why引导的定语从句中,why 可以用for+which 来代替,Do you know the reason why/for which he was late?,Join the following pairs of sentences:1.This is the house.We used to sleep in it.2.I often visit the place.Slaves used to be sold there.3.The house was quite big.My mother worked in the house.,This is the houseThis is the house,where we used to sleep.in which we used to sleep.,I often visit the place,where slaves used to be sold.,-The house was quite big.,where my mother worked,The house was quite big.,in which my mother worked,4.The date was 14th August.We moved to another state on that day.5.The time was a sad time.We fought for freedom during the time.,The date was 14th AugustThe date was 14th August,when we moved to another state.,on which we moved to another state.,The time was a sad time The time was a sad time,when we fought for freedom,during which we fought for freedom.,6.I dont know the reason.She was late because of this reason.,I dont know the reason,why she was late.,7.Do you know the date?Lincoln was born on that day.8.What was the year?Lincoln first became President of the USA in the year.9.What was the year?Fighting broke out in the year.10.Can you tell me the date?Lincoln was shot on that day.,1.Is this the hospital _he worked ten years ago?A.that B.which C.in which D.in where2.His uncle works in a factory _bicycles are made.A that B.which C.where D.in that3.The Second World War _millions of people were killed ended in 1945.A during which B.in that C.where D.on which,C,C,A,定语从句（十）介词+关系代词(介词的选择),用于这种情况的关系代词一般为which(指物)和 whom(指人)1.根据从句中动词短语来确定.This is the car for which you paid a high price.(pay for)The man with whom you shook hands just now is Tom.(shake hands with sb),2.根据先行词确定.when,where,why=介词关系代词。.Ill never forget the day on which（=when）I joined the army.The factory in which（=where）his father works is far away from my hometown.I dont know the reason for which（why）he was late for school.This is the camera with which he often takes photos.,3.表示所属关系时,介词用of,即the+名词+of+which/whom,=whose+名词.He lives in a room,the window of which faces west.He lives in a room,of which the window faces west.,whose window faces west.The child was saved by a man,the name of whom was not known.The child was saved by a man,of whom the name was not known.,whose name was not known.,4.表示整体中的一部分或中最的，介词一般也用of。both/all/some/分数/名词+of+whom/which The Greens have two daughters,both of whom are college students.China has many rivers,the longest of which is the Yangtze River.$5.据句子的意思确定介词。This is the pilot(飞行员)for whom I bought a camera.This is the pilot with whom my brother has worked for ten years.This is the pilot by whom my son was saved,Peter _ I played tennis on Sundays was fatter than I.His house _ he paid$10,000 ten years ago is now worth$30,000.I lost my glasses _ I could see nothing.There is a big tree _ some people are sitting and chatting.They collected much money _ they could help the disabled.Yesterday we visited the Century Park _ there are many pigeons.You can get off at the next stop _ you can change for the No.10 bus.There is the plane _ I came to Shanghai.,with whom,for which,without which,under which,with which,in which,at which,on which,11.Can you remember the first place?Lincoln worked in the place.12.What is the name of the state?Lincoln was born in the state.13.He helped his father on the small farm.They lived on the small farm.14.This was a time.There were still slaves in the USA during the time.15.This book is about the time.Lincoln was President during the time.16.The school is still standing.Lincoln learnt to read and write there.,17.There were many poor people in the town.Lincoln grew up there.18.Lincoln had very little free time.He could study then.19.The theatre is in the same city.Lincoln was shot there.20.Tell me the reason.You dont want to share the room with him for the reason.21.Is this the reason?You are looking for him for this reason.,1.He built a telescope _ he could study the sky.A in which B.with that C.through which D.by it2.I have two pens,_writes well.A.None of which B.neither of whichC.none of them D.neither of them3.That tree,the branches(树枝)are almost bare(秃的)，is very old.A.whose B.of which C.in which D.on which4.The train _he was trvelling was 10 minutes late.A.which B.on which C.for which D.on that5.This is the film_ I am interested.A.in which B at which C.in that D.on which,C,B,B,B,A,1.He built a telescope he could study the sky.A in which B.with that C.through which D.by it2.I have two pens,_ writes well.A.None of which B.neither of whichC.none of them D.neither of them3.That tree,the branches(树枝)are almost bare(秃的)，is very old.A.whose B.of which C.in which D.on which4.The train _he was trvelling was 10 minutes late.A.which B.on which C.for which D.on that5.This is the film_ I am interested.A.in which B at which C.in that D.on which,C,B,B,B,A,1.The Greens have two daughters,both of whom are college students.2.The Greens have two daughters,and both of _ are college students.3.The Greens have two daughters.Both of _ are college%.,them,them,Tell the difference between them.This is the factory(_ makes shoes.)This is the factory(_ his father works.)This is the factory(_ we visited yesterday.)The day(_ I will never forget)is January 30th.I can not forget the day(_ I joined the party).Please tell me the reason(_you are late.)He has told me the reason(_ can explain his absence(缺席)from the meeting.)The reason(_he told us)was not true.,which/that,where,which/that/-,which/that/-,when,why,which/that,which/that/-,定语从句（十一）whose 引导的定语从句,形式为:whose+名词,表示所属关系,即 某人的.或某物的.,如.Do you know the boy whose father is a scientist?.There are many trees whose leaves have fallen because of disease.The girl whose dress is red is my sister.,表示所属关系时,介词用of,关系代词为which/whom,即the+名词+of+which/whom,可转换为whose+名词.He lives in a room,the window of which faces west.He lives in a room,of which the window faces west.,whose window faces west.The child was saved by a man,the name of whom was not known.The child was saved by a man,of whom the name was not known.,whose name was not known.,定语从句（十二）as引导的定语从句,as引导定语从句通常用在一些固定的句型中,如:the same.as.,such.as.,as we expected,as we all know,as he realized,as is necessary as is often the case,as we all can see,as is mentioned等.1.This is the same watch as I lost.2.Dont read such books as are not useful.3.As we expected,he didnt come.,1.As we all know,the earth is round.2.As is mentioned above,smoking is bad for our health.3.You have made the same mistake as you made last time.4.As is known to everyone,the moon travels round the earth every month.5.As is often the case,he wins the first in the examination.,定语从句（十三）,限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1从形式上来说，非与主句之间有逗号分开。2 从引导词来看，非修饰人和物均不能用that3 从与主句的关系来看，非是先行词的附加说明，如省略，主句意思不受影响，限与先行词的关系密切，是先行词不可缺少的成分，不能省，去掉，影响全句的意思。The school,which is far from your home,is a good one.Here is a book which tells about the Chinese.He arrived half an hour late,which made us unhappy.,代指school,代指整个句子,Professor Wang,_invented the machine,is coming to visit our city.Charles works in a chemical plant(工厂),where he holds an important position.(职位)The plant where my brother works is very big.He has a son who is a doctor.He has a son,who is a doctor.,who,（一个或多个儿子）,定语从句应注意问题（4）,但含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词后面，不提前。1.This is the watch which he was looking for.This is the watch for which he was looking.2.The babies whom the nurses are looking after are healthy.The babies after whom the nurses are looking are healthy.3.The village that she lives in is two miles.The village in that she lives is two miles.The village in which she lives is two miles.,