全民英检中高级写作.ppt

全民英檢中高級寫作,GEPT Study Group,-How to prepare for listening and reading tests?-How to writean essay in a test?,複習：中高級聽讀考試注意事項,中高級測驗者：英語能力逐漸成熟，應用的領域擴大，雖有錯誤，但無礙溝通，英語能力相當於大學非英語主修系所畢業者聽力(1)問答：注意問題型式（yes-no,或者是who,what,why,when,where的問題；還有可能間接問句embedded question)；找線索；找最適合、直接的答案。e.g.The cat at Lisas house triggered Aarons allergies.A:I dont like her cat either.(a possible consequence可能的結果）B:The poor guy.Did he take medicine for it?(a direct answer),複習：中高級聽力注意事項,2.聽力(1)問答 embedded question e.g.I wonder who lives up there in that mansion on the hill.B:No,I have no idea.Maybe we should go up and take a look.(回答yes/no 問題）D:I dont know,but they must be very rich.(a direct answer)聽力(2/3)簡短對話與談話：1.如果你可以一心二用，可以同時看題目和聽對話。2.作筆記-Main ideas;facts&figures,descriptionse.g.A:What do you want to watch.B.Lets get Bridget Jones.Ive always wanted to see that movie.Q.Where are the speakers At a video store.,複習：中高級聽力注意事項,聽力(2/3)簡短對話與談話：三種問題題型(Question Types)：for main ideas(主旨）For implied meanings(推論 態度、目的）For details(細節）-need scanning,複習：中高級閱讀注意事項,(1/2)完成句子：(Tips useful for writing and translation,too!)基礎文法:subject-verb agreement;Tense;Sentence Construction;passive voice 主要與附屬子句,複習：中高級閱讀注意事項時間安排,(ref.2008-2010 全民英檢中高級試題全級 哈佛)詞彙和結構-1 句 15 questions,each within 20 sec.段落填空 1 段 兩篇，each within 3 mins 閱讀理解 1 段 六篇，each within 6.5 mins;閱讀 3分鐘，答題3.5分鐘.,複習：中高級聽力閱讀注意事項,不斷接觸日用英文（報紙、電視等;含在學與在職英文）、可以利用圖書館和LiveABC中級的模擬試題練習,Composition(1),Timed Essay Writing,題型與標準,Part I:Chinese-English Translation(40%)In this part of the test,you should translate a Chinese passage into an English passage.5-內容能充分表達題意，文段(text)結構及貫性甚佳；用字遣詞、文法、拼字、標點及大小寫幾乎無誤。4-內容適表達題意，文段結構及貫性大致好；用字遣詞、文法、拼字、標點及大小寫偶有錯誤，但妨礙題意之表達。3-內容未能完全表達題意，文段結構鬆散，貫性足；用字遣詞及文法有誤，且影響題意之表達，拼字、標點及大小寫也有錯誤。2-僅能局部表達原文題意，子結構佳、有誤，且大多難以解並缺乏貫性；字彙有限，文法、用字、拼字、標點及大小寫有許多錯誤。1-內容無法表達題意，語沒有結構概及貫性，無法解；字彙極有限，文法、用字、拼字、標點及大小寫之錯誤多且嚴重。,題型與標準,Part II:Guided Writing(60%)In this part of the test,you will be provided with a main topic.You should write an essay of 150180 words in an appropriate style.Write your essay on the writing test answer sheet.5-內容妥表達題目要求，組織完整，全文貫通順；能活且妥的運用字彙及各型結構，鮮有錯誤。4-內容符合題目要求，組織完整，全文大致貫；能正確的運用字彙及型結構，但仍偶有錯誤。3-內容大致符合題目要求，組織尚可，貫性待加強；能夠運用常用字彙及基本型結構，但使用較難的字彙或複雜時常有錯誤。2-內容僅能局部符合題目之要求，組織完整且缺乏貫性；字彙有限，運用基本型結構常有錯誤，影響解。1-內容未能符合題目要求，組織；字彙有限，運用基本型結構有許多錯誤，大多難以解。,寫作過程,Pre-writing,writing and proofreading all within 30 mins pre-writing:五分鐘內寫下一些想法，然後把想法安排在三段或是五段中。2)writing:表意 遣辭用句a.Language-用簡單句把意思寫出來。變換句型，避免重複用字(key words)。b.Language and Ideas-不知道用什麼字彙表達的想法就放棄。想法或手法新穎c.段落發展：一定要有導論、結論、主旨句Thesis Statement和主題句Topic Sentence。段落():主題句加例子（用自己的經驗和感受來做例子）、分析因果或比較等。Use transitions:4)proofreading:寫完之後一定要檢查一遍，避免錯字和明顯文法錯誤。,基本文法：用字word choice&usage,the tradition is needless to question about itNeedless word usage:it is 虛主詞needless to say;needless worries.It is needless to question the tradition of Chinese New Year.Needless to say,Chinese New Year is a welcome tradition.necessary It is necessary for you to pay attention to all the grammatical details.X Grammatical details are necessary to pay attention to.,基本文法：詞性parts of speech與句構Sentence Construction,1.找到主詞動詞；不定詞後原形動詞；Before new year coming that we(S)have to cleaning(V)the house and buy new clothes,sweets and some foods.Before new year comes,we have to clean the house and buy new clothes,sweets and some foods.2.一個簡單句不能有兩個動詞除非有verbal phrase,不定詞，或連接詞。Chinese New Year,one of the most important holidays in Chinese.fragment It means say(動名詞-saying)good bye to the past year and welcome the new start,family get together,and happiness.Chinese New Year,one of the most important holidays for Chinese,means saying good bye to the past year and welcoming a new start with ones family and in happiness.,基本文法：改善句構平行句構 parallelism,句型：some;others;still othersRelatives gather for a round-table dinner,uniting the whole big family;people reexamine themselves,seeing the New Year as a new start;people who only aim to have fun,taking the holiday to forget bad things of last year.(句子不對稱；最後一句多了關係代名詞）Some gather with their relatives for a round-table dinner,uniting the whole big family;others reexamine themselves,seeing the New Year as a new start;still others only aim to have fun,using the holiday to forget bad things of last year.,句構：間接問句、fragment,重複句型,Even though there is no way to know when did the Chinese New Year（Spring Festival）first began.As a Chinese,there is no doubt that it is the oldest and most important festival for us,and it is an ancient festival that marks the end of winter.Even though there is no telling when the Chinese New Year（Spring Festival）first began,it is undoubtedly the oldest and most important festival for Chinese people,a festival that marks the end of winter.(同位語),文章與段落結構:Thesis Statement,Chinese New Year is a very important day to Chinese people,just like Christmas to Americans.When it comes to Chinese New Year,many words come to my mind,such as spring cleaning,Chinese New Years Eve,red envelope,red couplets,New Year cake and so on.Each of them plays an important role in Chinese New Year and means a lot.(主旨句：更清楚更好)Each of them plays a different role in the festival,but they all mean bringing good luck of one kind or another.),文章與段落結構:Thesis Statement&unity,The Chinese New Year undoubtedly adds significant spices to our monotonous lives annually.The festival indicates the end of a year and the beginning of another flourishing year.During the past year,we might experience certain unforgettable anecdotes or memorable incidents,and it remained in our mind.(off-focus:not about the Chinese new year.)Meanwhile,Chinese New Year brings us abundant anticipation in the promising new year.suggested revisionre-focusing:Celebrating the Chinese New Year,we keep in mind the unforgettable anecdotes or memorable incidents weve had in the past year,while welcoming the new year with anticipation.)Adding a Thesis Statement Celebrating this period of transition,we clean the dirt in the house while keeping in mind the memorable from the past year;we relax and enjoy our time with our family while welcoming the new year with resolution and anticipation.,文章與段落結構:Topic Sentence,Families begin preparing for Chinese New Year in the middle of the twelfth lunar month.It is generally thought to be a time of discarding the old and ushering in the new,and thats the major reason why we hold“spring cleaning.“Topic Sentence unclear The first thing to do in welcoming good luck during the Chinese New Year festival is“spring cleaning”in the middle of the twelfth lunar month:we clean the dirt and discard the old in order to usher in the new.,內容：避免離題；修辭加分,發展論點：分析解釋(cause-and-effect)、舉例、駁斥反論（refute counter-arguments）離題 Off-focus:討論新年的經歷沒有點出它的意義；討論自己的決心儘量避免陳腔濫調 Clich 修辭：句型變化、rhetoric question.Another example:(結束放映）Please check this page for the official samples:,What is a good essay?摘錄自全民英檢中級學習指南之學習手冊,1.Topic 扣題：首先整篇文章的重點應放在提示的問題上，文章的所有內容，都應該要和題目的主題有關。2.Idea Development and Organization 文章組織需具備以下各部份：a.主題句，指出主題，即題目的重點；b.提出兩、三個理由解釋主題；c.就各項理由再做進一步說明；d.下結論，提出看法或總結要點。3.Paragraph Unity and Coherence 以轉折詞（例如 first，second，third，next，in addition，furthermore，in conclusion等）引導出各項理由以及結論。4.Vocabulary 使用適當字彙，清楚表達意思。5.Syntax 句型正確且有變化。6.在組織、字彙、文法、拼字或標點上，少有錯誤或無重大錯誤。所謂重大錯誤，是指會使文意難以理解的錯誤。,How to increase your vocabulary?,(from)加油！HAVE FUN LEARNING ENGLISH！,