全新21世纪大学英语读写教程3 U.ppt

,Unit 3 Expectations and Fulfillments,Outline,Objectives,Part I Video Starter,Part II Text A,Part III Text B,Part V Additional Theme-Related Activities,Exercises,Exercises,Part IV Writing,From studying this unit,students are expected to know the differences between right expectations and high expectations from Text A and understand how the mothers great expectations influence her childrens life from Text B;master the use of the structure rather than which is often used in the sense of in preference to or instead of as well as words and expressions that are the focuses of the exercises following Text A;understand how to combine an adjective and the suffix ity into a noun;and discuss the impact of expectations on our life.,Objectives,Part I Video Starter,To begin,well watch a video clip and try to grasp its message.Getting to know the words and expressions in the box below first may be helpful.,Part I Video Starter,Video Clip,【Script】,Ask the students the following questions after listening and watching if you have enough time:,What are we going to explore today?What do you come to college with?3.Why are you lucky when you have expectant people around you?,We are going to explore what expectation is all about.,_,With expectations of our parents,grandparents,and high school teachers.,_,Im lucky because they care about me and my future.,_,4.What seems to be the problem with expectations?5.What are expectations supposed to be?6.What do you mean when you say that right expectations are individualized?7.What do you mean when you say that right expectations can protect your confidence?,They can be too high to meet,because they can be unrealistic and impracticable.,_,They are not supposed to be high,but to be right.,_,They vary with individuals.,_,They can inspire us to a greater effort.,_,8.What do you mean when you say that right expectations are realistic and practical?,They will be met as planned and scheduled.,_,Now that the students have fully understood the Video Starter,you can ask some of them to dub the video,if time permits.Correct their errors in pronunciation and intonation.,Hi class,Glad to meet all of you again to continue the journey of English learning.Today we are going to explore what expectation is all about.Surely each of you comes to college with expectations of your parents,grandparents,and high school teachers.And to the list are added new ones of college instructors and professors upon your arrival at college.I must say that you are lucky enough to have expectant people around you,because they care about you and your future.Are you working hard to live up to1 their expectations?,Video script:,Well,I have a hunch2 at the moment that you take it with a grain of salt3.I can tell from the words on your lips that expectations can be too high to meet,just because they can be unrealistic and impracticable4.I can understand that.You are expecting me to realize that on one hand,you have potential to explore to the full5;on the other hand,you have your limitations6 to admit frankly.Thats for sure.From this point of view,expectations are not supposed to be high,but to be right.Right expectations are individualized7;,they vary with individuals.Right expectations can protect your confidence;they can inspire you to a greater effort.Right expectations are realistic and practical;they will be met as planned and scheduled.Im sure you will have a better understanding of what expectation is all about by reading the essay Right Expectations Vs High Expectations.,1.live up to:to do as well as expected 不辜负，实现,The film has certainly lived up to my expectations.值得肯定的是，这部电影达到了我的期望。,e.g.,2.have a hunch:to feel sth.is true or will happen 觉得 with a grain of salt:not completely believing what sb.tells you 半信半疑地,e.g.,I had a hunch that something like this would happen.我觉得会发生类似的事情。,e.g.,What he says should be taken with a pinch of salt.他说的话你不可尽信。,4.impracticable:impossible or very difficult to do for practical reasons 不可行的,James was a foolish man,full of impractical plans.詹姆斯是个傻瓜，满脑子都是不切实际的计划。,e.g.,to the full:in the best or most complete way 完全地，充分地limitations:weakness 局限,There was no danger now,he could enjoy it to the full现在没有危险了，他可以尽情地享受了。,e.g.,It s a good car,but it has its limitations.这是辆好车，但也有不足之处。,e.g.,7.individualized:to design to fit the special needs of a particular person or thing 使个性化,an individualized training program 个性化的培训计划,e.g.,Part II Text A,Right Expectations Vs High Expectations Rosanne Liesveld&Jo Ann Miller,合适的期望与过高的期望 罗珊李斯维，乔安米勒,Chinese Version,Vs:also“vs”in British English;a written abbreviation of versus used when comparing the advantages of two different things,ideas,etc.or used to show that two people or teams are competing against each other in a game or court case 对抗,e.g.,Its a friendly game the women versus the men.这是一场友谊赛女队对抗男队。,Students are not prisoners or employees.Teachers with little talent for the job assume that they are working with a captive audience that must follow orders,but theyre wrong.Young people may be required by the state to attend school until the age of 16,but no one can force someone to learn.Students are essentially volunteers,and great teachers know that students must beemotionally engaged to learn effectively.Emotional engagementis a process,and it starts with a psychological connection.Thatemotion cant be mandated.Fortunately,young people are innatelycurious and curiosity is the first step toward that connection.,Questions About This Paragraph,What do teachers with little talent for the job think of students?2)What do great teachers think of students?,They think that students are captive audience who must follow teachers orders.,They think students are essentially volunteers.,3)What makes learning effective?4)What are young people born with?,Emotional engagement makes learning effective.,They are born with curiosity.,学生既不是囚犯，也不是雇员。缺少教学才能的教师想当然地认为，他们所教的乃是一批必须服从命令的受制于人的听众。但是，他们错了。也许各州要求年轻人在16岁前必须受教育，但没有人能够强迫他们学习。学生本质上是志愿者，好教师都知道，学生必须情感积极投入，学习才会富有成效。情感的投入有一个过程，从心理沟通开始。情感是不能强行左右的。幸好年轻人生来就好奇而好奇心则是趋向心理沟通的第一步。,Chinese Version,volunteer:n.sb.who does a job willingly without being paid 志愿者,e.g.,Most of the work was done by volunteers.大多数工作是由志愿者完成的。I need someone to help me with the barbecue.Any volunteers?我需要人手帮我一起烧烤。有人愿意吗？,emotional:a.relating to feelings 感情（上）的,e.g.,She provided emotional support at a very distressing time for me.在我非常沮丧的时候，她给了我情感上的支持。My doctor said the problem was more emotional than physical.医生说这个问题更多的是情感上的，而不是身体上的。,e.g.,Many students pass without any real engagement in learning.没有真正地投入学习，许多学生却通过了考试。,engagement:n.involvement 投入，参加,connection:n.link 联系,e.g.,There is a connection between pollution and the death of trees.污染和树木的死亡是有关联的。Williams apparently has no connection to the case.很显然，威廉姆斯和这个案子没有关系。,e.g.,The school mandates that the students take three years of English.学校要求学生学3年英语。We were mandated to vote against the proposal at the conference.我们被要求在会上投票反对提案。,mandate:vt.to order sb.to do sth.命令,Teachers in general1 love to see young people learn and enjoy the challenging students most.But good teachers dont set high expectations.(This might come as a surprise!)Rather they set the right expectations for each student.Talented teachers have an innate sense of what those expectations should be.,1.一般地，大体上,What do teachers love to see?,Questions About This Paragraph,They love to see young people learn and enjoy the challenging students most.,2）What kind of expectations do good teachers set?,Good teachers set the right expectations for each student.,一般来说，教师喜欢看到年轻人学习，最欣赏具有挑战性的学生。但好教师不会设定过高的期望。（这也许使人感到吃惊！）相反，他们为每位学生设定合适的期望。有才能的教师对什么是合适的期望有着一种天生的直觉。,Chinese Version,in general:usually,or in most situations 一般地，大体上,e.g.,In general,about 10%of the candidates are eventually offered positions.总的来说，大约10%的候选人最终得到了职位。In general,the cost of these cameras ranges from$200 to$300.总的来说，这些照相机的费用在200到300美元之间。,One urban high school teacher relates,“If students set the outcomes that they want to attain,then my primary responsibility is to help them master those activities they need to reach that outcome.They dont always have the loftiest goal,but they have set a goal for themselves.And for them,that is important.If they believe that they are capable of2 doing something for greater,they will do it.”,2.有能力的,According to one urban high school teacher,what does he/she do if students set the outcomes that they want to attain?2)What is important for students?,Questions About This Paragraph,He/She helps them master those activities they need to reach that outcome.,It is important for students to set a goal for themselves.,一位市区的中学教师说：“学生设定了他们想要的结果，那我的基本责任就是帮助他们掌握那些实现目标所需的活动。学生未必总是怀有最崇高的目标，但他们总为自己设定了某种目标。这对他们来说是重要的。如果他们相信自己有能力做些了不起的事，他们会付诸行动的。”,Chinese Version,urban:a.relating to towns and cities 城市的,e.g.,Overcrowding was not just an urban problem.过度拥挤并不只是城市问题。The statistics show there has been a decline in Britains urban population.数据显示，英国的城市人口一直在下降。,outcome:n.a result or effect of an action,situation,etc.结果,e.g.,Whatever the outcome,I hope we remain friends.不管结果是什么，我希望我们还是朋友。We were not pleased with the final outcome.我们不满意最后的结果。,attain:vt.to achieve sth.after trying for a long time 获得,e.g.,India attained independence in 1947.印度于1947年获得独立。More women are attaining high positions in the companies.越来越多的女性获得公司里的高层职位。,lofty:a.involving unusually high moral standards or aims;very high 崇高的；极高的,e.g.,lofty ideals of equality and social justice 平等和社会正义的崇高理想Our university has set itself the lofty goal of reaching the worlds top fifty.我们学校已经设定了进入世界前50名的伟大目标。,capable:a.able to do things well 有能力的,e.g.,He is an extremely capable lawyer.他是位极其能干的律师。Im perfectly capable of looking after myself,thank you!谢谢你，我完全能照顾好自己。,Every teacher must set and enforce some basic rules:come to class on time,be prepared,pay attention,and participate.But beyond rules are expectations,which more directly relate to what students can achieve.Assuming that a C math student will get an A on the next report card is a high expectation.The right expectation might be that,with coaching and specific homework activities,he will have long division down by November and bring the grade up to3 a B.,3.达到；及得上,Another high expectation is that a student who cant run around the block without lying down4 will win the Phys.Ed.Olympics.The right expectation might be that she will get more exercises at home and improve her speed by 20%.A high expectation is a hope.The right expectation is a plan.,4.躺下,What kind of basic rules does every teacher have to set and enforce?2)What is a high expectation?3)What is a right expectation?,Come to class on time,be prepared,pay attention,and participate.,Questions About This Paragraph,A high expectation is a hope.,A right expectation is a plan.,4)How does the author define high expectation and right expectation?,He uses examples to define them.,每位教师必须对学生制定和实施一些基本规则：准时上课，作好准备，集中精力和积极参与。但除此之外，还有对学生所寄托的期望，这和学生能取得什么样的成绩有着更为直接的关系。假设有个数学成绩是C的学生想在下一份成绩单上得A，那就是过高的期望。合适的期望也许是：在教师的个别辅导下，该学生积极完成具体的家庭作业练习，到11月，他将差距缩小，把成绩提高到B。另一个期望过高的例子是：有个途中不休息就无法绕街区跑一圈的学生想在体育奥林匹克运动会上取胜。合适的期望也许是：她将在家里做更多的锻炼，把速度提高20%。高期望是一种希望。合适的期望是一个计划。,Chinese Version,enforce:vt.to make people obey a rule or law 实施；强迫,e.g.,Parking restrictions will be strictly enforced.限制停车的规定将严格执行。The new teacher had failed to enforce the rules of the school.那位新教师没有执行校规。,participate:v.to take part in an activity or event 参加,e.g.,We also invite our children to participate in conversation.我们还邀请孩子们加入对话。He refused to participate in the research project.他拒绝参加研究项目。,coach:vt.to give sb.private lessons in a particular subject（个别）指导，辅导,e.g.,Tom coaches a basketball team in his spare time.汤姆在业余时间指导篮球队。She coached my son in English.她给我儿子辅导英语。,division:n.分开；分裂,e.g.,the division of words into syllables把单词分解成音节a division between public and private life 把公众生活和私人生活分开,up to:very close to sb.or sth.达到；及得上,e.g.,He sank up to his knees in the mud.他陷在淤泥里直到膝盖。If your goods are up to sample,they should sell readily in the market.如果你们的货跟样品的质量一样好，那么它们在市场上应该有很好的销路。,lie down:to be in a position in which your body is flat on the floor,a bed etc.躺下,e.g.,You look really tired.Why dont you go and lie down for a while?你看起来确实太累了。为什么不去躺会儿？He lay down on the bed and tried to relax.他躺在床上，努力放松自己。,The problem with high expectations is that they can bemistaken for5 impossible standards,even by educators,and especially by students.Rather than inspiring students to greatness or encouraging them to achieve,those impossible expectations doom students to failure.This approach is hardly conducive to learning,and it can erode young students self-esteem.,5.把误认为,As they get older,some students stop trying to meet impossibly high expectations,which can mean that they have given up trying to win their teachers approval.Worse yet,teachers tell us,some students stop being able to recognize the difference between exorbitant expectations and ones that are within their reach6.At that point,every lofty expectation looks impossible.,6.在某人的能力范围内,What is the problem with high expectations?2)How do impossible expectations affect students?,Questions About This Paragraph,The problem is that they can be mistaken for impossible standards.,They cant inspire students to greatness or encourage them to achieve.They doom students to failure,and erode their self-esteem.,过高期望带来的问题是，这些期望甚至可能被教育者自己（更不用说学生了）误认为是不可能达到的标准。这些无法实现的期望不会激发学生努力向上，也不会鼓励他们奋发进取，相反，只会给学生招致失败。这种方式对学习毫无益处，徒然挫伤学生的自尊心。随着年龄增长，一些学生不再想方设法去迎对无法实现的高期望，这就意味着他们已经全然放弃了从教师那儿获得认可的意愿。一些教师告诉我们，更糟糕的是，一些学生不再能辨别过高期望和力所能及的期望之间的差异。到了那一步，任何崇高的期望看起来都是无法实现的。,Chinese Version,mistake for:to think wrongly that one person or thing is sb.or sth.else 把误认为,e.g.,A woman mistook him for a well-known actor.一位妇女把他误认为知名演员。I mistook his signature for his brothers.我把他的签名误认为他弟弟的签名。,inspire:vt.to make sb.want to do or achieve sth.激励,e.g.,He inspired many young people to participate in the community service.他激励许多年轻人参加社区服务。The company needs a leader who can inspire its employees.公司需要一位能激励员工的领导。,doom:vt.to make sb.or sth.certain to fail,die,be destroyed,etc.注定,e.g.,They were doomed to repeat the mistakes of the past.他们注定要重复过去的错误。Many species are doomed to extinction.许多物种注定会灭绝。,failure:n.a lack of success in achieving or doing sth.失败,e.g.,All his plans ended in failure.他所有的计划均以失败告终。His ability has been called into question after a number of failures.在多次失败后，他的能力遭到质疑。,conducive:a.providing the right conditions for sth.good to happen or exist 有助的，有益的,e.g.,We tried to create an environment conducive to learning.我们努力创造有利于学习的环境。The sunny climate is conducive to outdoor activities.阳光灿烂的天气有利于户外活动。,erode:vt.to reduce or destroy gradually 腐蚀；侵蚀,e.g.,The rocks have gradually eroded away.岩石渐渐地受到侵蚀。The coastline is being eroded by the sea.海水正在侵蚀海岸线。,within ones reach:within the distance that you can stretch out your arm to touch sth.在某人的能力范围内,e.g.,The price of the apartment in this area is reasonable.I think it is within reach of my son.这个地区的公寓价格合理，我觉得在我儿子的支付能力范围内。He could sense that his goal was within reach.他能够感到他的目标是可以达到的。,Low