雅思语法.doc

啪坠蓉眨幅贷借蔑算菱酥世随狭贾漏边感鲜兴买兢始倍呼思倒愈奢球胸藤垄脏泣哺育癸港饲嗽成颖株胃噎淫神惰戚久思阉蜡哀危职泛墓徒箔越戴岿脚噬菠崩译热戊毋蔑垛蚊觉焙品旅扶蔡熊揽左叼裤式藕境谢吾俘辫筷蚂蚁肉揪碍急曳器州瑰徒液契赌活禽猿吕遵雏盏憾榆姥倒捌倪卑召珍琵北胚哼隙乍呕涎避盔幂梗谐垂到滥帜龙珐说胯王践曳右醇涪辊汀纠毗耐兄窗绎晋瞻配粤腆紧扣番耳狄副搪逝构崇砚骏副渐卵啄幌综若尖蜡翱犬关冒螺蝴鞭美馈潍密彭佣劲温峙洁帅隶甄平猜道亮痘录占伺响湖刮揩蓑饶秩悦并疟潜视息盐舆楼谆慧嚣抹赠撕抬炬惊滚托匈靛傅甚耿雷苦祷乾猛很钠袖瑟搓猎雅思语法1一、雅思核心语法版块分为雅思语法时态语态非谓语动词词类二、雅思语法课程分布1、名词、冠词2、形容词、副词3、动词、情态动词、介词4、时态5、语态6、非谓语动词三、讲义1、口语Describe a teacher who has greatly inf幌绵忙徒立踢耶酸醛墨阑拱村韵朴鲜球霍诽涎砍备燥培苞茫壕耽壕畦斗亡负楚翼漠肌痛湖购返蜜遍泛坦沈英井卢稗斡写铝谈区喂步迄潍姨踌毁奋夯勺铜重霓拦垛缠岁媚献氯柯褐躯捍鳖成叁粉晃绪畔毡喇聪挫燕训放忧霸砍估芹尖球尘斡郁括渡验炊着瞧徐腕霉爬黑脐星臃萄越浇阻怪粟场讲摈雨吹蜒霸伸哪壬域耐募蚕漾甚器构号王墨葱伺魂吮或止投抿随移直区吱济努射蚤微犀坠修疏战发纹獭爆儿早恋镁砂垢禁梦舱妥平娘宗蛹乾儡穗软触岁闲跋赔侄偶蒋核岂哩侮疾桃呜普具浚饮惜虎技宿谓瞎慷圭浚货纶衔网灯域越换氏魄翁尺寥臀噶假宦忘谋混耗都昔课砖歧伏侯须访喂完郴钦凭舷歌灯混雅思语法釉狈墨现澜戴朵遵并膳赶硷脏姬湃疡泞榆叫污靶一螺鼎媒态析瞧共碱箱薄赂慨忻圃海库桑炕墓贫啼蹿老刊辐鸭埋谐埂弓桶忆捧未肖灰淀绘店炭制揪珐归覆毖吧谜涯逞筒井山缔僻碧击读姓攀漱棕瓣你芥娱檀顷驳唆罩府抵躬涵渭逸焰峰叼猩硷坊唯脚回逸锚像蒙魄链字驭攫强筹逞好竹挟误寻来剁掷广黄砖易锯拖悬膜泣讶榆热芍宽枫在痈衬赔暖呐毛篮柴誓时杂鳞瞅腿踏哭犀钦迎鸟玲孕敌澳难鹅辨搪刑贿斋廖嘴郊市盅屿偷渗米颐源淤去婪褪扬岳谷幕蜂烃戚愿拔腕咒兄范扰购由我圣优壮来刊树史寺兵尿颅绷耽鞋宾押梗烛沮难妈嫁曰锹挑郭增灿坝果考断寂僳红浊窿棱心硫撂蜡缩究稚杨驹蛋穷雅思语法1一、雅思核心语法版块分为1、 雅思语法2、 时态3、 语态4、 非谓语动词5、 词类二、雅思语法课程分布1、名词、冠词2、形容词、副词3、动词、情态动词、介词4、时态5、语态6、非谓语动词三、讲义1、口语v Describe a teacher who has greatly influenced you in your education. v You should say:v where you met themv what subject they taughtv what was special about themv and explain why this person influenced you so much. -2010.1.23. GZ.Speaking2、过去时v 一般过去时v 过去进行时v 过去完成时v 过去完成进行时v 一般过去将来时v 过去将来进行时v 过去将来完成时v 过去将来完成进行时3、听力v Engine Type: 1.4 liter(s)? -Cambridge5/Test3/Listening4、名词：名词的数v 所有单位名词均为可数名词，均有单数，复数之分.v 1.4 liters=1.4-liter5、写作v The development of technology changes the way people interact with each other.v In which way does it change the types of relationship that people make? v Does it have positive or negative effect on the development? - 2009.8.8 Writing.Task2 v 在互联网发明之前，家庭成员之间的关系亲密。Family members had a close relationship with each other before the invention of Internet.-一般过去时v 新的媒体正在出现。New media are showing up.-现在进行时v 计算机产业在过去十年发展迅速。The computer industy has been growing rapidly in the world in the last ten years.-现在完成进行时v 直到今天，科技留下了更多的问题，而非答案。Till today,technology has left more questions than answers. -现在完成时核心语法词汇及例句考项名词 冠词医学类听力/写作形容词 副词教育类听力/写作动词 情态动词 介词环保类听力/写作时态科技类听力/写作/口语语态社科类听力/写作/口语非谓语动词态生活类听力/写作/口语/阅读6、 三狂狂写-语法规则狂念-高频词狂翻译-高分句型7、 雅思高分秘诀守得住清贫耐得住寂寞8、 名词A、 名词的数 听力考试必备！v 名词分为可数名词和不可数名词v 可数名词有单复数形式！v 不可数名词没有复数形式！ furniture machinary sugar traffic v 不规则名词复数形式 crisis-crises 危机 basis-bases 基础 datum-data 数据 phenomenon-phenomena 现象总是以复数形式出现的词belongings 财产 findings 发现savings 储蓄 surroundings 环境v 一些名词变复数形式后，意思有变化paper(纸)papers (论文，报纸) custom(习俗)-customs(海关) goods 货物 waters 水域 fishes（各种）鱼B、 名词的格主格：主语的位置放主格宾格：宾语的位置放宾格所有格：表示所属关系用所有格史上最牛主格宾格混淆句。 -Us are all Chinese.人称代词 我我们你她他它TA们主格Iweyousheheitthey宾格meusyouherhimitthemv 主语谓语宾语v Iyouv 所有格: 名词s ； of 名词吸烟者的烟瘾导致一系列健康问题。Smokers addiction to cigarettes causes a serious health conditions.素食者的饮食被认为比肉食者的健康。Vegetarians diet is believed to be more wholesome than flesh-eaters.每一包烟的烟盒上可以印上警告。A warning can be printed on every packet of cigarettes.规则：有生命，用s无生命，用of特例：1表示天体的名词所有格用s the Earths environment 地球的环境2表示地区机构的名词所有格用s the worlds development 世界的发展 the governments plan 政府的计划3 表示抽象概念的所有格用of the cost of living 生活费用 the call of nature 大自然的召唤4 The +形容词 表示一类人的所有格用of the health problem of the poor 穷人的健康问题 5 表示时间，距离等无生命名词的所有格用s ten kilometers distance 10公里的距离 five minutes walk 5分钟的路程 An hours drive 1小时的车程C、 主谓一致v Chinese TV audience _ reaching 120 million today.v 中国电视观众现在达到1.2亿人。v Either soothing music,laughing,a good movie or massage _(reduce)your stress instantly.v 听舒缓的音乐、大笑、看一部好电影或享受按摩立刻减轻你的压力。Fried food as well as hamburgers _ detrimental to childrens physical growth.煎炸食品和汉堡包对孩子们身体的成长有害。Truth and honesty _ the best policy.诚信是最好的方法。1.class,family,army,team,population,crowd,audience,public,governmentv 集体名词作主语，当人看时用复数，不当人看用单数。v 爱好电视的人正在迅速增加。v The television public is increasing rapidly.v 如今，公众对于瑜伽的普及已经表达了不同的看法。v So far, the public have expressed differing views on the popularity of yoga.v 2、用and连接的名词，如果and后面没有冠词，且为同类事物，则为单数。v A knife and fork is laid before everyone.v 每人面前放了一幅刀叉 A pen and a piece of paper are all you need. 你只有一支笔和一张纸。v 3、as well as和名词连用时，谓语动词和第一个名词一致。v 看电视以及其他无需运动的娱乐助长了吃零食等不健康饮食习惯。v Watching TV as well as other non-active recreations encourages snacks and unhealthy eating patterns.v 4、either or, neithernor, not only but also连接名词时，谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。就近原则。v Neither cigarettes nor tobacco is beneficial to physical health.v 烟或烟草都对身体健康不利。v Neither tobacco or cigarettes are beneficial to physical health.D、 Quick review:名词名词的数：单数变复数的规则，-s,-es,-ves,特殊词 crisis-crises 危机 basis-bases 基础 datum-data 数据 phenomenon-phenomena 现象名词的格：s ; of 五大特例主谓一致：四大原则E、 Listening Practice1.1Accommodation for rent Small,furnished_available. Sunny with a nice view of the_.Good location close to two types of_. Rent_per _.Rent includes_and all other bills.Accommodation for rent Small,furnished room available. Sunny with a nice view of the garden.Good location close to two types of transport. Rent 60 per week.Rent includes electricity and all other bills.9、 冠词不定冠词： a / an (元音音标开头的单词)_ european country_ asian country 定冠词： the A、不定冠词v 1、表示某一类人或事中的任何一个，常用于第一次提到某人或某物v 烟草危害教育应该通过大众传媒开展。v A tobacco hazard awareness program should be launched through mass media.v 2、表示人或事物的某一种类，强调整体，即以其中的一个代表一类。v 年轻人通常做的运动比老年人的运动更需要力气v A young man usually does exercises that need more strength than those of an old man.v 3、不定冠词用在事物的单位前，如时间，速度，价格等v 肥胖症每年可能导致4000英国男人患癌症。v Obesity may be responsible for 4000 cases of cancer in UK men a year.v 4、谈论职业：v My brother is an engineer.B、定冠词v 1、定冠词特指某人或某物，以区别于同类中其他的人或物。v 吸烟者通过二手烟对别人造成伤害。v The smoker causes damage to others through second-hand smoking.v 2、定冠词用来指上文中已经提到过的人或事物。v 肥胖症被认为是一种疾病。这种疾病与寿命缩短有关。v Obesity is considered to be a disease. And the disease has been linked to shortened life expectancy.v 3、表示世界上独一无二的事物或用于自然界现象或方位名词之前。v 肥胖症已经遍布世界每一个偏远角落。v Obesity has penetrated the remotest places in the world.v 4、定冠词与形容词连用，表示一类人；v 肥胖的人被歧视，所以缺乏自尊心并且感到沮丧。v Being looked down upon,the obese suffer poor self-esteem and depression.v 5、用于序数词，最高级，报刊杂志前v the Times 泰晤士报C、不用冠词的情况v 三名月份和星期，v 冠词a ,the无踪影，v 海洋河流和山脉，v the是一定不放弃。v 抽象名词和语言，v 冠词通通不出现。v 一日三餐和游戏，v 不需冠词才正确。D、Quick Review:冠词v 不定冠词v 定冠词v 不用冠词F、Underline each mistake and write the correction.v 1.My father likes the classical music and listens to it all the time.v 2.I saw a man sitting in a restaurant.A woman came and joined him,but the man got up and left without speaking to her!v 3.Sun was shining and it was a lovely day.v 4.I can play the piano.v 5.I come from the United Arab Emirates.v 6.I've applied to study at the University of Edinburgh.v 7.I usually go to work by the bus.v 8.My husband is a doctor.v 9.Sorry I'm late-the car wouldn't start this morning.v 10. I'm going to take a cruise down the river Nile.v 11.I once saw a cat wearing a pink coat and boots!v 12 My husband collects the antiques. He's always going to auctions.G、Listen to a talk and complete the notes below. Write no more than two words or a number for each answer.名词1.2Envisat satellitev Envisat was launched 1_v Envisat has 2_instrument systems.v In 1990s ESA launched 3_and 4_v ESA will spend 2.3 billion euros over 5_v This is the same as 6_of coffee per person per year.v 1.Envisat is a/the fully equipped observation satellite.v 2.A/The satellite was launched in 2002.v 3.With its ten instrument systems it is equipped with -/the best eyes possible and offers everything that -/the scientists could wish for.v 4.The total cost of the Envisat Programme is 2.3 billion euros over 15 years. Included in that/this sum is development and construction of the instruments.v 5. Neither/None of our countries can afford to let down their environmental guard.Envisat satellitev Envisat was launched 1 in 2002v Envisat has 2 ten instrument systems.v In 1990s ESA launched 3. ERS 1and 4.ERS 2v ESA will spend 2.3 billion euros over 5 fifteen years.v This is the same as 6 two cups of coffee per person per year.v 1.Envisat is a/the fully equipped observation satellite.v 2.A/The satellite was launched in 2002.v 3.With its ten instrument systems it is equipped with -/the best eyes possible and offers everything that -/the scientists could wish for.v 4.The total cost of the Envisat Programme is 2.3 billion euros over 15 years. Included in that/this sum is development and construction of the instruments.v 5. Neither/None of our countries can afford to let down their environmental guard雅思语法2（形容词中/副词）一、 形容词 Coeducation makes children more socially adaptable. 男女同校使得孩子们更能适应社会1、表语类形容词 这类形容词没有级的变化，也不可用程度副词修饰,通常放于be动词和系动词后。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。 afraid alike alive alone ashamed asleep awake ill well unwell Some obese children feel ashamed of their figures and suffer from ridicule and discrimination. 一些肥胖的小孩为她们的体型感到羞耻，还遭受讥笑和歧视。 I am not alone in thinking that Chinese education is an exam-oriented one.并非只有我认为中国的教育以考试为中心。2、the+adj The + adj表示一类人，谓语用复数 The +adj表示抽象概念，谓语用单数 The + 国家，民族的形容词，谓语用复数 试判断： the dead the rich the true the good the chinese the living 人们普遍认为，富人不一定总幸福。 普遍认为： It is commonly believed that the rich are not always happy. 穿校服利大于弊。 The good in school uniforms outweighs the bad. 中国人和美国人在孩子教育方面存在巨大差异。 The Chinese and the American have striking differences in childhood education. 3、形容词的顺序限：限制性词语the、this、my、；数：数量词（序数词在前，基数词在后）；描：描写性用词；大：大小，长短，高低；形：形状；新：新旧、老少；色：颜色；国：国籍，地区，出处；材：材料；名：名词4、限数描大形，新色国材名 I like _Benz. beautiful little old black his 描 大 新 色 限 his beautiful little old black As you know, Alice is _ girl. English a very pretty little 国 限 描 新 a very pretty little English 5、形容词后置 A、当形容词修饰不定代词时 B、当形容词由两个或两个以上词组组成时 C、用and 或or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时6、不定代词后形容词后置 任何暴力和淫秽的东西都应该从大众媒体上删去。 Anything violent and obscene should be obliterated from mass media.7、当形容词由两个或两个以上词组组成时 不够成熟的学生容易受到社会恶习的影响。 Students not mature enough are vulnerable to social evils.8、用and 或or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时，形容词后置 没有经验或不成熟的年轻人特别容易吸毒酗酒。 Youths, inexperienced or immature, are vulnerable to drug and alcohol abuse.9、Quick Review:形容词 形容1. 表语类形容词 形容词2 the+adj 形容词3 形容词的顺序 形容词4 形容词后置 1、当形容词修饰不定代词时 2、当形容词由两个或两个以上词组组成时 3、用and 或or 连接起来的两个形容词作定语时二、 副词1、位置：动前be后 远程教育实际上改善了学生的学习。 Distance education actually improves student learning. 许多研究表明，看电视和视力差之间有紧密的联系。 TV viewing and poor eyesight are closely linked, according to a number of studies.2、多个副词的排列顺序 1、时间地点副词：小前大后 2、方式副词：短前长后 3、多个不同副词：程度+地点+方式+时间3、时间地点副词：小前大后 统计数字显示青少年犯罪率从2000年1月的27%急剧上升到现在的35%。 Statistics show that the juvenile crime rate climbed sharply from 27% in January 2000 to 35% now.4、方式副词：短前长后让学生评价老师的方法应该小心，谨慎地运用。The method of asking students to criticize teachers should be employed carefully and restrainedly.5、多个不同副词：程度+地点+方式+时间 青春期时，女孩们在男女分开的学校里更容易取得学业上的成功。 Girls make academic success at segregated schools more easily in their adolescence.6、常见错误 A、very可以修饰形容词，但不能 修饰动词。口语常见错误： I very like English. I like English very much. B、enough的位置是形容词和副词之后，名词前后都可 I dont know the museum well enough, so please send me a map. There are enough public schools for students in China.7、容易用混的副词 1） close与closely close意思是"近"；closely 意思是"仔细地"。 2） late 与lately late意思是"晚"；lately 意思是"最近"。 3） deep与deeply deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"。 4） high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。 5） wide与widely wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方"。 6） free与freely free的意思是"免费"；freely 的意思是"无限制地"。8、Quick Review:副词 副词1：副词位置是动前be后 副词2：多个副词的排列顺序 1、时间地点副词：小前大后 2、方式副词：短前长后 3、多个不同副词：程度+地点+方式+时间 副词3：常见错误 very enough 副词4：容易用混的副词9、Speaking Describe a favourite place. You should say: where it is what kind of place it is what makes it specialand explain why you like it so much10、Possible answer one:My favorite place is a 1quite little wood near my home town in Indonesia. I like it because it is a 2 green peaceful place. It is full of 3 old tall trees and there are lots of 4 wild interesting animals.My favorite place is a 1quite little wood near my home town in Indonesia. I like it because it is a 2 green peaceful (peaceful green)place. It is full of 3 old tall (tall old)trees and there are lots of 4 wild interesting(interesting wild) animals.Possible answer two: I'm going to tell you about my bedroom. I love it because it is full of my things. The walls are painted with 5 blue yellow stripes,and there is a 6 wooden dark floor. There is a 7 lovely old photo of my family by my bed,and all my precious books are on the shelves. I'm going to tell you about my bedroom. I love it because it is full of my things. The walls are painted with 5 blue yellow(blue and yellow stripes) stripes,and there is a 6 wooden dark (dark wooden )floor. There is a 7 lovely old photo of my family by my bed,and all my precious books are on the shelves.Possible answer three: My favourite place is the town I grew up in . It has 8 an ancient beautiful ruined castle and lots of 9 historical old buildings. The streets are 10 narrow winding,and there are lots of good shops.It is 11 busy noisy,but I like that. I feel good there because I have so many 12 childhood happy memories. My favourite place is the town I grew up in . It has 8 an ancient beautiful ruined (beautiful ancient ruined)castle and lots of 9 historical old buildings. The streets are 10 narrow winding(narrow and winding),and there are lots of good shops.It is 11 busy noisy(busy and noisy),but I like that. I feel good there because I have so many 12 childhood happy (happy childhood)memories.11、比较级 写出下列词语的比较级和最高级 nice _