中考英语专题复习十四句子种类.ppt

语法知识梳理,句子种类,She is(not)a student.Is she a student?Dont be careless.How clever she is!,(陈述句)(疑问句)(祈使句)(感叹句),说明一个事实或陈述说话人的看法。表示提出问题。表示请求、命令、叮嘱、建议等;主语 是you,一般省略;谓语动词用原形。表示喜怒哀乐等情绪,多用how和what开头。,按用途，句子种类可分为：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。,考点一,陈述句（肯定式和否定式）,肯定陈述句,1.否定陈述句,She is not/isnt a student.He has not/hasnt finished the work.They will not/wont go to the school.Mary can not/cant speak Chinese.,She is a student.He has finished the work.They will go to the school.Mary can speak Chinese.,谓语动词是be,have或带有助动词或情态动词的实义动词,否定句只要在其后加上not.,陈述句,(语序:主语+谓语),陈述句,He does not/doesnt speak French.He did not/didnt go to school yesterday.,He speaks French.He went to school yesterday.,否定陈述句,陈述句,3.否定陈述句,Ive never been to Paris.I hardly go out these days because of the rain.Nobody knew the truth.I have little water.,疑问句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,Is She a student?Who is she?Is She a student or a teacher?She is a student,isnt she?,疑问句的语序:谓语+主语,选择疑问句,反意疑问句,考 点二,疑问句,1._ that pair of _ a little cheaper?,(语序:谓语+主语),A.Is;glass B.Are;glass C.Is;glasses D.Are;glasses,2.-_ is Jeremy Lin?-He is a famous NBA basketball player.,A.Where B.What C.Why D.When,3.-Is this a Chinese book or an English book?-Oh,_.,A.Yes,it is B.No,it isntC.An English book D.A music book,4.-_ did Sure go to school so early?-To be on duty.,A.Where B.What C.Why D.When,用 How many；how many times;how much;how long;how far;how soon;how often 填空。,_ _ did you pay for the sweater?_ _ have you worked in that factory?-_ _ _ did he call you the day before yesterday?-Twice.-_ _ does he write to his parents?-Twice a week._ _ will you finish the work?In two hours._ _ is it from here to the country?Its about twenty minutes walk.,How much,How long,How many times,How often,How soon,How far,结构一：前肯，后否 Be 动词：1.You are an actor,_ _?2.It was fine yesterday,_ _?,arent you,wasnt it,反义疑问句,行为动词：1.It often rains here,_ _?2.You have a headache,_ _?3.I called you yesterday,_ _?其它动词：1.You will go to America,_ _?2.We have ever been to Shanghai,_ _?,doesnt it,dont you,didnt I,wont you,havent we,结构二：前否，后肯 1.You arent an actor,_ _?2.It wasnt fine yesterday,_ _?3.It doesnt rain here,_ _?4.You didnt call me yesterday,_ _?,are you,does it,was it,did you,5.You wont go to U.S.A.,_ _?6.There isnt a boy in our classroom,_ _?,will you,is there,特殊用法(一）1.Sit down please,_?2.Please call me,_?3.Lets go home,_?4.Let us go home,_?5.Let me see,_?,will you,shall we,will you,will you,will you,祈使句中，除了lets用shall we?其余的全用will you?,当主语是不定代词something/anything/nothing/everything 等,或指示代词that，this时,疑问部分主语用it，当指示代词是these，those时，后部分主语用they。Everything is ready,?These are books,？2.当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one等，疑问部分主语用they，或用he Everyone knows the answer,?或?,isnt it,doesnt he,dont they,arent they,特殊用法(二）,Dont smoke in the meeting room,_?(A)do you(B)will you(C)can you(D)could you,John can hardly understand any Chinese,_ he?(A)cant(B)doesnt(C)can(D)does,My uncle has never been to a foreign country,_?(A)has he(B)does he(C)hasnt he(D)doesnt he,His sister had a bad cough,_ she?(A)wasnt(B)doesnt(C)hadnt(D)didnt,Lets go and play football,_?Thats wonderful.(A)will you(B)do you(C)wont you(D)shall we,Let us go now,_?(A)will you(B)do you(C)shouldnt you(D)shall we,Lets 用shall we;let us用 will you.,I dont think you are right,_?(A)do I(B)dont I(C)are you(D)arent you,遇到否定前移的句子，注意：反义疑问句用肯定，并且是对从句进行提问,反意问句的回答方法,eg.“You havent been to Beijing,have you?”“_.How I wish to go there!”A.Yes,I have B.Yes,I havent C.No,I have D.No,I havent,D,(是的,没有.),-Your uncle isnt an engineer,is he?-_.he works at a school.A.Yes,he isnt B.No,he isnt C.No,he is D.Yes,he is,考点三：祈使句,Turn on the light.开灯。,Dont be late.不要迟到。,祈使句用以表示命令、请求、叮嘱或建议，主语通常省略。肯定式谓语动词用原形，否定式用“Dont(Never)动词原形”。如：,_ it with me and Ill see what I can do.A.When leftB.Leaving C.If you leaveD.Leave,_ down the radio，the babys asleep in the next room.A.Turning B.To turn C.Turned D.Turn,Dont be late again,Mike?_.A.No,I dont B.Dont worryC.Sorry,I wont D.I dont know,他是一名多好的学生啊！,What a good student he is!=How good a student he is!,修饰单数可数名词的感叹句,既可以 由what引导,也可以由how引导,但 句式不同,不定冠词a的位置也不同。,考点四：感叹句,感叹句由what和how引导,感叹句用法很简单,How和What放句前；How与形、副词类连,What后面名词添；主语谓语不用变,省掉它们也常见。,1._ nice the watch is！A.How B.What C.What a D.How a2._ bright lights they are!A.What B.What a C.How D.how a,3._ hard work it is!A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 4._ day it is!Its rainy again.A.How bad B.What a bad C.How fine D.What a fine,5._ exciting news it is!A.How B.What a C.What an D.What6._ expensive trousers!A.What B.What a C.How D.What an7._ useful dictionary it is!A.What B.How C.What a D.What an,Im late,_?Jim works hard,_?Mr.Smith will not go to Beijing,_?They havent been to Shanghai,_?She had little water,_?They had to leave early,_?He didnt say that we would succeed,_?I believe he will come to the meeting,_?8.I didnt think the story was interesting,_?9.Everything has been ready,_?10.Anyone could hardly know the answer,_?,Practice.,完成下列反意问句。,arent I,doesnt he,will he,have they,had she/did she,didnt they,wont he,was it,hasnt it,could he/could they,did he,We need to do it,_?They neednt go now,_?Nothing is wrong with your TV set,_?You must go home right now,_?You mustnt walk on grass,_?You must be tired,_?Lets sing a song together,_?Let us sing a song,_?Have a couple of tea,_?Dont be careless,_?You had better not talk like that,_?,dont we,need they,is it,neednt you,must you,arent you,shall we,will you,will you/would you,will you,had you,22.He ought not to be late,_?23.There are a number of apples in the tree,_?This is very useful,_?The Smiths used to live in London,_?_?He disagreed with me,_?You dislike the film,_?He seldom has lunch at school,_?What a find day,_?,ought he/should he,arent there,isnt it,usednt they,didnt he,dont you,did he,isnt it,didnt they,