中考英语专项复习-名词.ppt

中考英语专项复习,名词,名词,noun,名词 即 人或物的名字,名词可分为:专有名词可数名词 countable noun c不可数名词 uncountable noun u,专有名词,指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称它的第一个字母必须大写：表示人名 如：Lu Xun;Doctor Li：表示地名 如：China;Chang An Street;London：由普通名词构成的专有名词 如：the United States of America the Communist Party the Summer Palace the Spring Festival,不可数名词 u,I.物质名词:无法分为个体的实物的名词.,beef牛肉 blood血液 cheese奶酪cotton 棉花 glass玻璃 coffee 咖啡ink墨水 iron铁 juice果汁 ice冰lemonade 柠檬汁 litter垃圾medicine药 metal 金属 plastic塑料,不可数名词 u,I.物质名词:无法分为个体的实物的名词.,rice米 rubber橡胶 rubbish垃圾 sand沙子 silk 丝绸 silver银 smoke 烟 snow rain water sugar wind wine酒 tea茶paper 纸 salt盐 wood 木头 wool 羊毛 work 工作,不可数名词 u,II.抽象名词(看不见摸不着):,advice建议 courage勇气 danger危险 safety 安全 experience经验 knowledge知识 peace和平 pride自尊,骄傲time 时间 health健康,不可数名词 u,III.furniture家具 information 消息news 新闻 moneymusic practice练习progress进步 room空间,地方 noise噪音 housework家务 homework 作业 hair头发,不可数名词的量,1.不可数名词前不可以加数词,但可以加 lots of;plenty of;a great dealof;a bit of;much;more;some;a little;little.,Theres much_ in the fridge.A.bread B.eggs C.vegetables D.apples,A,不可数名词的量,2.不可数名词前可以加容器名词表示量;a piece of;a cup of;two bags of;five bottles of,There are two_ on the table.glass B.glass of watersC.glasses of water D.glasses of waters,C,不可数名词的量,*单个的不可数名词用做主语,动词用单三形式,T,The music _ soft.sound B.are C.sounds D.feel,C,The news _ exciting.,is/sounds,可数名词 c,可数名词由单数变为复数的规则,I.直接在词尾加s,e.g.*books cups*beds*boys horses pages,II,可数名词 c,可数名词由单数变为复数的规则,II.以s,x,-ch,-sh结尾的词,在 词尾加-es,address,boss,box,brush,classcoach,dish,dress,glass,kiss,research,speech,success,watch wish,fox,可数名词 c,可数名词由单数变为复数的规则,III.以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es，,activity,baby city,copy,cry,diary,dictionary,duty,factory,family,fly,hobby,lady,studyuniversity,victory胜利,company,可数名词 c,如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词，则只须加s。e.g.：monkey-monkeys,boy-boys,day-days,key-keystoy-toys,可数名词 c,IV.以o结尾的名词，只有potato,tomato,hero,Negro(黑人),zero,加es构成复数。,Negroes and heroes likes potatoes and tomatoes.黑人和英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿.,可数名词 c,V.以f、fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v再加es，e.g.：knifeknives,leaf-leaves,half-halves,shelf-shelvesthief-thieves self-selveswolf-wolves,wife-wives,housewife-housewives,可数名词 c,*单复数形式相同的词：sheep-sheep deer-deer fish-fish yuan jiao fen jin li Chinese-Chinese 中国人Japanese-Japanese 日本人,Look,some sheep_ over there.There are many _ working here.,are,Chinese,可数名词 c,*(1)tooth-teeth，footfeet,goose-geese(2)man-men，woman-women，policeman-policemen,FrenchmanFrenchmen German-Germans(3)childchildren,mouse-mice,oxoxen(4)banana tree banana trees,man/woman teacher men/women teachers,可数名词 c,(4).常以复数形式出现的名词：people(人)，clothes(衣服)trousers(裤子)glasses(眼镜)public(公众）My clothes are newer than yours.,可数名词 c,注：population是集合名词，看作一个整体，一般不加，在句中做主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式；表人口“多”“少”时，用large(big)或smallThe worlds population is growing faster and faster.This country has a large/small population.注：hundred,thousand,million前用基数词或a few,several 等修饰时，用单数,可数名词 c,(5).有些名词看似复数形式，实际上后面用单数。e.g.：news(消息)，maths(数学)，physics(物理)politics(政治）No news is good news.Physics is very hard for me.,可数名词 c,()可用how many，many，a few，few，a lot of，lots of，some，any,in different 等来修饰可数名词复数。How many _are there in your pencil-box?(knife)than any other+单数名词He is taller than any other student in the class.,knives,可数名词 c,(7)the 姓氏s 表示“一家”;the+形容词表示一类人；做主语看作是复数谓语动词用原形,*The Blanks _(go)to Beijing for vacation every summer.*The poor _ not different from the rich.,go,are,可数名词 c,(8)表示时间、长度、距离、金钱、度量等的名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。,Two years _ quite a long time.Ten dollars _ enough.,is,is,可数名词 c,(9)a pair of 名词复数The number of 名词复数谓语动词用单数形式,A pair of shoes _ under the bed.The number of the students in our school _ 2000.,is,is,可数名词 c,名词+with,except等介词+名词做主语谓语动词应根据介词前面的名词来确定,The woman with two children _ coming here.Nobody except Xiao Wang _ finished the work.,is,has,III.名词所有格:,英语中用“s”,“of”表示所有关系,汉意为“的”,1.表示“某人的”,用“s”,He worries about his fathers health,这是格林先生的大衣.,This is Mr Greens coat.,Her friends success is surprising.,她朋友的成功另人惊奇.,他为父亲的健康担心.,2.如果某物为两个人共有,在后面的名词后加“s”;如果不是共有的,两个名词后分别加“s”,These are Marys and Kates books.,This is Mary and Kates room.,这是 Mary和Kate 的房间(共有).,这些是Mary 和 Kate 的书(不共有).,3.如果复数名词以 s 结尾,则只加“”;如果复数本身不含s,则加“s”.,Tomorrow is Childrens Day.,These are students books.,这些是学生用书.,明天是儿童节.,人民医院在那里.,Peoples hospital is over there.,4.表示某人家,店铺,诊所,工作处,在名词后加“s”:the doctors,Many people are at the doctors.,They are at Mr Greens.,他们在格林先生家.,医生的诊室里有很多人.,*5.表示时间,距离可以在名词后加“s”todays newspaper ten minutes walk two hours drive two days trip,How far is it?Its ten minutes drive.,*of的用法,表示“某物的”用“of”The cover of the book is dirty.On both sides of the river thereare trees.,*双重所有格,That man is a friend of my fathers.,Some inventions of Edisons are useful.,Here are two photos of mine.,We have bought two_ for the coming party.(2005吉林）A:box of apples B:boxes of applesC:box of appleD:boxes of apple,B,It is over_ from Shijiazhuang to Beijing.(2005河北）A:three hours drive B:three hours drive C:three hours drives D:three hours drive,A,_ lucky people they are!(2005湖南）A:What B:What a C:What an D:How 4.Dont worry.We have _ time to do the job.（2005 厦门)A:enough B:few C:many D:little,A,5.The camera isnt yours.Its _.Yours is in the tent.(2005 青海）A:Lucys and Lily B:Lucys and Lilys C:Lucy and Lilys D:Lucy and Lily,See you later!,