第三版第一-册课后题-答案~.docx

Unit1-SectionALanguageFOCUS-WordsinIJSe1. Giventhechancetoshowhisability,heregained(confidence)andbegantosucceedinschool.2. Itissodifficultto(explore)thebottomoftheoceanbecausesomepartsareverydeep.3. Itwasabout30secondsbeforeAlex(emerged)fromthewater;wewerequitescared.4. Weoften(assume)thatwhenotherpeopledothesamethingsaswedo,theydothemforthesamereasons;butthisassumptionisnotalwaysreasonable.5. Thereiswidespreadconcernthattherisingunemploymentmay(pose)athreattosocialstability.6. Aftera(n)(comprehensive)physicalexam,mydoctorsaidIwasingoodconditionexceptthatmybloodpressurewasalittlehigh.7. ItiswellknownthatChinaisacountrywithrichnatural(resources)andaverybigpopulation.8. Somepeoplebelievethattheearthcan(yield)enoughfoodtosupportatleasttwiceitspresentpopulation.9. Sam(inherited)thegiftofimaginationfromhisfamily,buthelackedthedrivingpowertotakeaction.10. Abeethathasfoundhoneyisableto(transmit)tootherbeestheinformationtheyneedinordertocollectthehoney.WorClBlIiIdine1.cover1.uncover2.easy2.uneasy3.load3.unload4.apply4.applicant5.resist5.resistant6.account6.accountant7.assistant7.assist8.simple8.simplify9.note9.notify10.quality10.qualify11.class11.classify1.Despitebeing(classified)asameat-eater,thepandahasadietthatisoverwhelminglyvegetarian.11. Theyhavedevelopedcomputerizedsystemswhichwillgreatly(assist)alllibraryuserssothattheywillnotneedthehelpofothers.12. Changeshavebeenmadetotheconstructionrequirementsinthiscityinordertomakethebuildingsandhighwaysmore(resistant)toearthquakes.13. Afteratwo-monthinquiry,thepolicehave(uncovered)thethreemen'sintentiontorobabankandhavearrestedthem.14. Consumerssaytheyare(uneasy)aboutusingtheircreditcardsovertheInternetbecausetheyareafraidofInterentfraud.15. Acollegedegreeandsomeworkingexperienceshould(qualify)youforthejobadvertisedinthenewspaper.16. TheBritishshiparrivedattheportthismorningandis(unloading)itscontentsintheharbornow.17. Asahumanresourcesmanager,Iseemanyjob(applicants)whoaretechnicallyskilled,buthavebadattitudes.18. Theteacher(simplified)hisinstructionssothatthesmallchildrencouldunderstandhimbetter.19. Mymajorwasliterature.However,nowmworkinginafirmasa(n)(accountant),dealingwithnumberseveryday.20. Thecommittee'sdecisionwillbe(notified)toallemployeesnextweek. BankedClozeUniversitystudentscomefromdifferentpartsofthecountrywithvariouspurposes.However,acloserlookattheirreasonsforstudyingattheuniversitywillenableusto(1)(classify)themroughlyintothreegroups:thosewhohavea(n)(2)(passion)forlearning,thosewhowishto(3)(attain)abrightfuture,andthosewhoIeamwithnodefinitepurpose.Firstly,therearemanystudentswhoIeamsimplybecausethey(4)(pursue)theirgoaloflearning.SomereadawealthofBritishandAmericannovelsbecausetheyarekeenlyinterestedinliterature.Otherssitinfrontofthecomputerscreen,workingonanewprogram,(5)(virtually)dayandnight,becausetheyfindsomecomputerprograms(6)(fascinating),andtheydreamofbecominga"BillGates"oneday.Secondly,therearestudentswhoworkhardmainlyforabetterandmore(7)(prosperous)future.Itseemsthatthemajorityofstudentsfallintothisgroup.Afteradmissiontotheuniversity,theyreadbooksafterbooksto(8)(acquire)knowledgefromalloftheresourceswhichare(9)(available)tothem,andfinally,tosucceedinthefuturejobmarket. Thirdly,therearestillsomestudentswholearnwithoutacleargoal.Theytakecourses,finishhomework,enjoylifeoncampus,butdon'twantto(10)(sample)anythingneworchallenging.Theyhavenoideawhattheywillbedoingaftercollege.Andtheymayendupwithnothingintheirlives. 1.anElIaeeFOCUS-ESDreSSiOnSinUSe1. Myfamily(gotby)onmyfather'sunemploymentbenefitafterhelosthisjob.2. Manysubwayridersreadbooksorlistentomusicinorderto(makethemostof)theirtimeonthewaytowork.3. Inordertomakesurehewouldbeabletoattendthemeeting,Icalledhimuptwoweeks(inadvance).4. Expertssayourcompanyisamazinginthatsaleshavebeenincreasingsteadily(overtime).5.Inorderto(reapthebenefitsof)thephysicalexercise,youhavetoexerciseregularly,andforatleasthalfanhoureachtime.6. Theyalltriedtotalk(allatonce),butIcouldn'thearanythingtheysaid.7. Yellowflowersinthefieldalways(1)(remind)me(2)(of)mychildhoodinthecountryside.8. Wehavebeenpracticingforsolongandsohardthatourteamshould(standachanceof)winningthegame.9. Researchongeneswill(openthedoorto)excitingnewmedicaltreatments.10. EveryoneofyouhasmadeacontributionandI(takepleasurein)acknowledgingwhateachofyouhasdonetomakethisacademicconventionsuchasuccess.Translation> 英译汉SocrateswasaclassicalGreekphilosopherwhoiscreditedwithlayingthefundamentals(基础)OfmodernWesternphilosophy.Heisamysteriousfigureknownchieflythroughtheaccountsoflaterclassicalwriters,especiallythewritingsofhismostfamousstudentPlato.Socrateshasbecomewellknownforhiscontributiontothefieldofethics.Hismethodofteaching,knownastheSocraticMethod,byaskingandansweringquestionstostimulatecriticalthinkingandtoexplainideasremainsacommonlyusedtoolinawiderangeofdiscussions.Healsomadeimportantandlastingcontributionstothefieldofepistemology(认识论)andlogic,andtheinfluenceofhisideasandapproachremainsastrongfoundationforWesternphilosophythatfollowed.Socrateswasthemostcolorfulfigureinthehistoryofancientphilosophy.Hisfamewaswidespreadinhisowntime,andhisnamesnbecameahouseholdwordalthoughheconstructednophilosophicalsystem,establishednoschool,andfoundednosect(宗派).苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。他是一个谜一般的人物，人们主要通过后期的一些古典作家的叙述，尤其是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。苏格拉底以他对伦理学的贡献而闻名。他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法，即通过提问和回答来激发批判性思维以及阐述观点。该方法在各种讨论中仍被普遍使用。他还在认识论和逻辑领域作出了重大而深远的贡献。他的思想和方法所带来的影响一直是后来的西方哲学的坚实基础。苏格拉底是古代哲学史上最丰富多彩的人物。他在他那个时代已威名远扬。虽然他未曾建立什么哲学体系，未曾设立什么学派，也未曾创立什么宗派，但他的名字很快就变得家喻户晓了。> 汉译英孔子是中国历史上著名的思想家、教育家，是儒家学派(Confucianism)的创始人，被尊称为古代的"圣人"(sage)。他的言论和生平活动记录在论语(TheAnaIeCtS)一书中。论语是中国古代文化的经典著作，对后来历代的思想家、文学家、政治家产生了很大影响。不研究论语，就不能真正把握中国几千年的传统文化。孔子的很多思想，尤其是其教育思想，对中国社会产生了深远的影响。在21世纪的今天，孔子的学说不仅受到中国人的重视，而且也越来越受到整个国际社会的重视。ConfuciuswasagreatthinkerandeducatorinChinesehistory.HewasthefounderofConfucianismandwasrespectfullyreferredtoasanancient"sage".HiswordsandlifestorywererecordedinTheAnalects.AnenduringclassicofancientChineseculture,TheAnalectshashadagreatinfluenceonthethinkers,writers,andstatesmenthatcameafterConfucius.Withoutstudyingthisbook,onecouldhardlytrulyunderstandthethousands-of-years'traditionalChineseculture.MuchofConfucius'thought,especiallyhisthoughtoneducation,hashadaprofoundinfluenceonChinesesociety.Inthe21stcentury,ConfucianthoughtnotonlyretainstheattentionoftheChinese,butitalsowinsanincreasingattentionfromtheinternationalcommunity.Unit1-SectionBLanWualZeFoCUS-WOrdSinUSe1. Bydecreasingthetaxrate,thegovernmentcan(stimulate)orencourageconsumerspending,businesstransactions(交易)andinvestments.2. Ourbodieshavegreater(potential)thanmostofUSrealize,andwecanbenefitbyrememberingthis.3. Oneimportantfeatureofteamsportsisthattheycan(cultivate)people'steamspiritandsenseofcollectivehonor.4. Humanbehaviorismostlyaproductoflearning,whileanimalbehaviordependsmainlyupon(instinct).5. Shehasbeensavingmoneyinthepasttwoyears,sosheis(confident)thatinthecomingsummershewillbeabletoaffordajourneyabroad.6. Thedoctor(assured)himthathisconditionwasnotseriousandhewouldrecoversoonafteraminoroperation.7. Generally,childrendisplaygreat(curiosity)abouteverynewthingtheysee,andtheywanttofindoutmoreaboutit.8. Hewasproudofbeingchosento(participate)inthegame,andhepromisedthathewouldtryashardaspossible.9. Thoughithasmetwithconsiderableenthusiasm,therehasbeenresistancefromsomeparentstothisnew(approach)toteachingandlearning.10. Theroomonlyhada(n)(capacity)for100people.However,over200enthusiasticstudentscametolistentothelecture.LaniuaneFOCUS-EXPreSsi。IISinUSe1. Endlesswarshaveturnedthisoncewealthycountry(into)oneofthepoorestnationsintheworld.2. Ifyoufeel(like)stayingathome,wecouldwatchoneofyourfavoritemovieDVDs.3. Shewasaconfidentandoutgoinggirl,butthepresenceofthepresidentreducedher(to)silence.4. dliketosign(up)forvolunteer(志愿的)workwithanenvironmentalorganization.Ihearitisagreatwaytoconnectwiththecommunity.5. Iknowheisannoyingandunfriendly,butyoushouldn'tlethimget(to)you.6. Thegovernmentislaunchinganewprogramwhichisaimedatopening(up)newemploymentopportunities.7. Sharonwasnowheretobefound.Maybeshehadgone(off)tothebeachwithTony.8. Theydevelopthespecializedskills,knowledge,andpositiveattitudesneededtoparticipate(in)sportsandphysicalactivities.SenlCnCCSIrUetUre1.(正是山姆认为)thatthegreatestachievementoflastcenturywasthelandingofmankindonthemoon.Reference:ItisSamthat/whothinks2.(正是在本科学习期间)Ifoundoutwhatmypassionwas.Reference:Ilwasduringmyundergraduatestudiesthat3.(正是孩子的好奇心和创造力)causesmanyeducatorstobelievethatteachingshouldstimulatechildren'sinterestinlearning.Reference:ItisthecuriosityandcreativityofchildrenthatUnit2-SectionALanaUageFOCllS-WordsinIJSe1. Hehasaspecialfeelingforthebrilliantbirds,andeachspringheeagerly(awaits)theirreturn.2. Thankstothe(efficiency)ofairtransport,everyoneisfreetogoanywhereatanytime.3. Johnbelievesthatthe(donation)offoodtothehungryismorehelpfulthangivingmoney.4. Marywasacarefulspeaker;everywordseemedtohavebeen(polished)beforeitwasallowedtoescapethroughherlips.5. Whenshehearditwassnowinginthecitytheyweregoingto,she(stuffed)twomoresweatersintoherbag.6. DuringourstayinEuropewevisitedmanyplacesof(historical)interest,includingseveralcastles.7. Theweddingceremonyofmysisterwasavery(emotional)experienceforourfamily.8. Hewas(embarrassed)whenhediscoveredthathedidn'thaveenoughmoneytopayfortheredwinehehadordered.9. Thelocalgovernmentispressedtofindnewplacesto(dump)waste.10. Thenewsystemdesignedto(curb)harmfulemissions(排放物)fromfactorieswillbeputintousesoon.WordBuilding1.employ1.employer2.computer2.compute3.interpreter3.interpret4.atom4.atomic5.artist5.artistic6.economy6.economic7.history7.historic8.electronic8.electron9.envy9.envious10.continue10.continuous11.famous11.fame12.various12.vary1.Lackofeyecontactmightbe(interpreted)aslackofattentioninAmerica,whileeyecontactmightbeconsideredrudeinJapan.2.Whenapplyingforajob,makesureyouemphasizetheskillsandknowledgeyouhavethatthe(employer)willfindimportanttothejob.3. Manyofourstudentsarebeginnerswhohaveneverdonepaintingbeforeandarelookingtodeveloptheir(artistic)interests.4. Itissurprisingthatyoudon'tknowaboutsucha(n)(historic)event.Itmarkedthebeginningofanewperiodforournation.5. Theyhopedtocreateacomputerwhichcould(compute)at10timesthespeedofcomputersonthemarket.6. Educationisa(n)(continuous)learningprocessthatneverends.Ateacherhastheresponsibilityofmakingstudentsthinkforthemselvesbygivingeffectiveguidance.7. Ontheonehand,weshouldmakeeffortstoimprovetheeconomy;ontheotherhand,Wemustkeepabalancebetween(economic)developmentandenvironmentalprotection.8. Somesuccessfulpeoplemanagedtogain(fame)andfortuneeventhoughtheydroppedoutofschool.9. A(n)(electron)isaverysmallpieceofmatterwithanegativeelectricalcharge,foundinallatoms.10. The(atomic)bombs,alsoknownasnuclearbombs,wouldcausedisastersiftheywereusedinwars.11. 1neverfeltanxiousor(envious)whensomebodyelsegotahigherpositionormadealotofmoney.12. Theeffectsofthismedicinewill(vary)accordingtoaperson,shealth,weight,andsex. BankedClOZe Parentsandteenagershavedifferentorevenoppositethingstoworryabout.Forexample,whileamothermighthaveahardtimeunderstandingwhyherteenagers'roomisalwaysa(n)(1)(embarrassment)ofdirtystuff,theteenagersaremoreworriedabouttheirnextexamsandmaythinkitis(2)(ridiculous)fortheirmothertoinsistonkeepingacleanroom.Itisthereforeimportantforyouto(3)(appreciate)thedifferencesandlearntocommunicatewithyourteenagersproperly.(4)(Otherwise),yourteenagersmaysaynothingandshutyououtoftheirpersonallives.Theirrefusaltotalkwithyoumayevencreate(5)(emotional)stressinyourlife.Leamingeffectivewaystocommunicatecan(6)(reverse)thesituationofadifficultrelationship,(7)(reduce)thestressofyourlife,andleadtoafriendlyrelationshipwithyourteenagers.First,youshouldlearntodiscussseriousproblemsindailyconversations.So,importanttopics,suchasdrivingavehicleandbuildinga(n)(8)(romantic)relationship,couldbedealtwiththroughdailyconversations.Second,learntobeanactivelistener.Manyparentsareso(9)(overwhelmed)withtheirworkthattheycouldhardlytakesometimefortheir(10)(beloved)children.Spendyourtimelisteningcarefullytowhatyourchildrenliketotalkabout,andmakesureyourchildrenfeeltheyarebeingtakenseriously.Thiswillincreasethechancesofgdcommunication. 1.anElIaeeFoCUS-ESDreSSiOnSinUSe1.After10yearsoffull-timetraining,shehasfinally(madeit)asaprofessionaldancer.2.(Afterall),whatisthepointintakingpartinthecompetitiveeventiftheresultisonlytoprovehowincompetentyouare?3. Redecoratingthehouseisachallengingtask.It,snecessaryto(stripoff)thewallpaperfirst.4. Ineverreallyhadanyproblemswithchange.Onthecontrary,Iwelcomechange(withopenarms).5. Alotofwhatwe(throwaway)ismadefromrawmaterialswhicharenotrenewable.6. MeganandJohnrealizedthattheirhousewastoomessyforanewbaby,sotheydecidedto(straightenup)theirhousebeforethebabywasbom.7. Jennifercouldn't(keepback)hertearswhenshesawthesickchildrenatanewbloodcancercenterinVirginia.8. Wewanttogiveallchildrenaworld(freeof7from)violence.TranSIatiOn>英译汉Christmasisawidelyobservedculturalholiday,celebratedonDecember25bymillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.Itcommemorates(纪念)thebirthofJesusChrist.Thefestivaldatedfromasearlyas336AD.GraduallyitevolvedintoareligiousaswellasSeCUIar(非宗教的)celebration,celebratedbyanincreasingnumberofnon-Christians.TodayChristmasisobservedasanimportantfestivalandpublicholidayaroundtheworld.Christmascustomsdifferindifferentcountries.PopularmoderncustomsoftheholidayincludeanexchangeofChristmascardsandgifts,Christmassinging,churchattendance,thedisplayofvariousChristmasdecorationsandtrees,familygatherings,andaspecialmealpreparation.Tosmallchildren,(hefestivalisfulloffantasyandsurprise.Legend(传说)hasitthatSantaCIauswillentereachhousethroughthechimneyandbringgiftstowell-behavedchildrenonChristmasEve.Becausegift-givingandmanyotheraspectsoftheChristmasfestivalheighteneconomicactivityamongbothChristiansandnon-Christians,theholidayhasalsobecomeasignificanteventandakeysalesperiodforbusinesses.圣诞节是一个被广泛庆祝的文化节日，全世界有许许多多的人在12月25日庆祝这一节日。它是为了纪念耶稣基督的诞辰。该节日最早可追溯到公元336年。渐渐地，这一节日演变为一个既是宗教又是非宗教的节日，越来越多的非基督徒也庆祝圣诞节。如今，圣诞节在全球被作为一个重大的节日和公共假日来庆祝。不同国家的圣诞节风俗也各不相同。现代流行的圣诞节风俗包括交换圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼物、唱圣诞歌曲、参加教堂活动、摆放各种圣诞装饰品和圣诞树、举行家庭聚会以及准备一顿特别的大餐。对小孩子们来说，这个节日充满了幻想和惊喜。据传说，圣诞老人会在圣诞夜从烟囱进入每户人家，给乖巧听话的孩子带来礼物。由于圣诞节送礼物以及许多其他方面推动了基督徒和非基督徒的经济活动，圣诞节也因此成为商家的一个重大活动和主要销售季。>汉译英每年农历(ChineSeIlmarCaIendar)八月十五是我国的传统节日中秋节(IheMid-AutumnFestivaDo这时是一年秋季的中期，所以被称为中秋。中秋节的一项重要活动是赏月。夜晚，人们赏明月、吃月饼，共庆中秋佳节。中秋节也是家庭团圆的时刻，远在他乡的游子，会借此寄托自己对故乡和亲人的思念之情。中秋节的习俗很多，都寄托着人们对美好生活的热爱和向往。自2008年起，中秋节成为中国的法定节假日。AccordingtotheChineselunarcalendar,August15ofeveryyearisatraditionalChinesefestivaltheMid-AutumnFestival.Thisdayisthemiddleofautumn,soitiscalledMid-Autumn.Oneofthei