连词与状语从句.ppt
连词与状语从句,一 并列连词,常用的并列连词：表并列关系：and,neither.nor.,either.or.,as well as,not only.but also.表转折关系：but,yet,however,still,while表选择关系：either.or.,neither.nor.,or,otherwise表因果关系：for,therefore,so,就近原则,(a)there be句型;or;either or；nor;neithernor；whetheror；notbut;not onlybut also What he does or what he says does not concern me.他的行为或言谈都与我无关。Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。Not you but your father is to blame.不是你，而是你父亲该受责备。Not only you but(also)he is wrong.不仅你错了，他也错了。(b)在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。e.g.In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。There is(are)a pen and some books on the desk.桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。,二 从属连词,1.When,while,as 区别,when是at or during the time that,既指时间点，也可指一段时间，while是during the time that，只指一段时间，因此when可以和延续性动词连用，也可以和短暂性动词连用；而while和as只能和延续性动词连用。Why do you want a new job when youve got such a good one already？（get为短暂性动词）你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？Sorry，I was out when you called me（call为短暂性动词）对不起，你打电话时我刚好外出了。,Strike while the iron is hot（is为延续性动词，表示一种持续的状态）趁热打铁。The students took notes as they listened（listen为延续性动词）学生们边听课边做笔记。二、when从句的谓语动词可以在主句谓语动作之前、之后或同时发生；while和as从句的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作同时发生。1从句动作在主句动作前发生，只用 when。When he had finished his homework，he took a short rest（finished先发生）当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。,2从句动作和主句动作同时发生，且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as都可使用。When While As we were dancing，a stranger came in（dance为延续性动词）3当主句、从句动作同时进行，从句动作的时间概念淡化，而主要表示主句动作发生的背景或条件时，只能用 as。这时，as常表示“随着”；“一边，一边”之意。As the time went on，the weather got worse。4在将来时从句中，常用when，且从句须用一般时代替将来时。You shall borrow the book when I have finished reading it,when,as,while,whenWhen you see him,please say hello to himWe were about to start when it began to rain.We had hardly fallen asleep when the bell rang.How can I get a job when I cant even read or write？How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me？,WhileWhile she was listening to the radio,she fell asleep.While he loves his students,he is very strict with them.While there is a will,there is a way.Some people waste food,while others haventenough.I ought to have helped her，but I never could.,AsYou will grow wiser as you grow older.As rain has fallen,the air is cooler.Strange as it may seem,nobody was injured in the accident She is late,as is often the case.This is the same book as I read last week.This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think,2.before，since,when,that句型,It was+时刻，时间点+when sth.happened 当某事发生时，是哪个时间 It was five oclock when we arrived at the small village.比较：it was at five oclock that we arrived at the small village.b.It was/will be+时间段+before sth.happened 过了多久某事才发生 It was two years before Tom returned to China.c.It is/has been+时间段+since sth.happened 自某事发生以来，已经有多长时间了,It has been five years since he left home.他离家已经五年了。It is two days since she was ill.她病好了两天了。若从句动词是瞬间动词，“从开始.多久了”若从句动词是延续性动词，“不做某事已经多久了”,3.until，till,用于肯定句中，“直到为止”，主句的动作一直到until/till所表示的时间为止。用于否定句中，“直到才”，主句的动作一直到until/till所表示的时间才发生。He waits until/till the children fall asleep.He didnt arrive until/till the game had begun.It was not until.that.(不能替换till)It was not until eight oclock that we begin our class every day.Not until 放在句首，句子要部分倒装。（不能替换till）Not until midnight did it stop raining.,他等到孩子们睡熟。,他直到比赛开始才到。,条件状语从句,Unless it rains,the game will be played.I can tell you the truth oncondition that you promise to keep a secret.Supposing something should go wrong,what would you do then?He wont be against us in the meeting provided that we ask for his advice in advance.As long as you promise to come,Ill wait for you until you come.注意：在条件状语从句中,用一般现在时代替一般将来时,一般过去时代替过去将来时。,灵活的where,This is the room where my elder brother once lived.That is where we differ.I had no idea where he bought the book.Take him where its quite.试一试：Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get at it.A.what B.which C.where D.that,状语从句的省略,Dont come in until(you are)asked to.While（I was）walking the dog,I saw him crossing the street.Whenever(it is)possible,you should come and help.,状语从句的倒装,As引导的让步状语从句，表语状语提前。Teacher as he is,he cant know everything Much as I like Paris,I couldnt live there.Impossible as it seems,it is true.So+adj.放在句首，句子部分倒装。So much homework did we have to do that we have no time to take a rest.Hardly.when,no sooner.than.Hardly had I got to the bus stop when the bus started.Not until 放在句首,
