语法精讲系列(六).ppt

语法精讲系列（六）状语从句,1.(2012全国卷)I had hardly got to the office _ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.A.when B.than C.until D.after【解析】选A。考查时间状语从句。句意：我刚到办公室，我妻子就给我打电话让我立刻回家。此题较易，考查固定句型hardly.when.的用法，故选A。,2.(2012山东高考)He smiled politely _ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.A.as B.if C.unless D.though【解析】选A。考查as引导时间状语从句。句意：当玛丽为她喝醉酒的朋友道歉时，他礼貌地微笑着。这里smile和apologize同时进行，as意为：当的时候。故选A。,3.(2012山东高考)A number of high buildings have arisen _ there was nothing a year ago but ruins.A.when B.where C.before D.until【解析】选B。考查where引导地点状语从句，表示“在地方”。句意：很多高楼在一年前还是废墟的地方矗立起来了。where引导的句子在整个句子中作状语，故选B。,4.(2012四川高考)If you happen to get lost in the wild,youd better stay _ you are and wait for help.A.why B.where C.who D.what【解析】选B。考查地点状语从句。句意：如果你碰巧在野外迷路，你最好待在你所在的地方等待救援。where表明主句动作发生的地点，故选B。,5.(2012天津高考)Everything was placed exactly _ he wanted it for the graduation ceremony.A.while B.when C.where D.though【解析】选C。考查地点状语从句连词的选择。句意：在毕业典礼上一切如他所愿，井井有条。根据句意，东西被放置在一个地方，用表示地点的状语，所以选C。,6.(2012重庆高考)Coach,can I continue with the training?Sorry,you cant _ you havent recovered from the knee injury.A.untilB.beforeC.asD.unless【解析】选C。考查原因状语从句引导词as。答句句意：抱歉，你不能继续训练因为你膝盖受的伤还没有恢复。根据语境可知，空白处后面为原因状语从句，C选项符合题意。,7.(2012辽宁高考)Leave your key with your neighbor _you lock yourself out one day.A.as long as B.even thoughC.in case D.as if【解析】选C。考查目的状语从句。句意：把你的钥匙留给你的邻居，以防你把自己锁在外面。A项意为“只要”；B项意为“尽管”；C项意为“以防”；D项意为“好像”。所以选C项。,8.(2012江西高考)You can borrow my car _ you promise not to drive too fast.A.unless B.even ifC.in case D.as long as【解析】选D。考查条件状语从句。句意：只要你保证不开得太快，你就可以把我的车借走。unless除非；even if即使；in case以防万一；as long as只要。故选D。,9.(2012福建高考)It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties _ it gets more financial support from the European Union.A.if B.unless C.because D.since【解析】选B。考查条件状语从句。句意：除非有来自欧洲联盟更多的经济支持，希腊政府很难克服目前的困难。根据句意，只能选择unless“除非”才能使句意完整。本题关键词是hard和more financial support。故选B。,10.(2012江苏高考)Ones life has value _ one brings value to the life of others.A.so that B.no matter howC.as long as D.except that【解析】选C。考查引导条件状语从句的连词 as long as。句意：只要一个人给别人的生活带来价值，那么他的生命就有价值。so that意为“以便；因此”；no matter how意为“不管怎样”；as long as意为“只要”；except that意为“除了”。根据题意，应选C项。,11.(2012湖南高考)_ hard you try,it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.A.However B.WhateverC.Whichever D.Whenever【解析】选A。考查让步状语从句的引导词however。句意：不管你如何(however)努力，如果你不减少食量是很难减肥的。however 修饰副词hard,故选A。,12.(2012湖南高考)_ I always felt I would pass the exam,I never thought I would get an A.A.While B.Once C.If D.Until【解析】选A。考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然我总觉得我考试能过关，但我从没想过我能得“优”。while常见含义为“虽然；然而，而；在期间，当时；趁着”等，此处为“虽然”之意。故选A。,13.(2012陕西高考)Hot _ the night air was,we slept deeply because we were so tired after the long journey.A.although B.asC.while D.however【解析】选B。考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管夜里气温很高，我们依然睡得很香，因为经过长途旅行，我们太累了。此处hot是作从句的表语，提前则从句用倒装，即as引导的让步状语从句中，要将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形提到as之前，故选B。,14.(2012新课标全国卷)I dont believe weve met before,_ I must say you do look familiar.A.therefore B.althoughC.since D.unless【解析】选B。考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管我敢肯定地说你确实看起来面熟，但我相信我们以前没见过面。therefore因此；although尽管；since 既然；unless除非，根据句意只有although符合题意。故选B。,考点 1 常考查的9类状语从句 考查指数 1.时间状语从句(1)when指的是“某一具体的时间”。例When I came into the room,he was writing a letter.【点津】when意为“这时”或“在那个时候”,可以看作是并列句,这种用法的when分句一般位于句末。例I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.,(2)whenever指的是“在任何一个不具体的时间”。例Whenever the man says“To tell the truth”,I suspect that hes about to tell a lie.(3)while指“在某一段时间里”，“在期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的。例While it was raining,they went out.(4)as(一边一边)引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生，随着。例He hurried home,looking behind as he went.,(5)before译为“在之前,才,就”。例Be a pupil before you become a teacher.(6)after译为“在之后”。例He headed for me after I called him.(7)till/until：如主句动词是延续性动词，常用肯定式，表示“直到为止”；如主句动词是瞬间性动词，要用否定式，表示“直到才”“在以前不”,从句放在句首表示强调，一般用until。例We waited till(until)he came back.,(8)since的主句动词应为持续性的，从句动词为瞬间性的。状语从句在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开，如从句在主句之后则不必用标点符号。例It is three years since he came here.(9)as soon as/hardly.when/no sooner.than/the moment/the instant/the second/immediately/directly/instantly：hardly.when和no sooner.than的意义相当于as soon as,但只表示过去发生的事情，主句为过去完成时，从句为过去时，如hardly或no sooner位于句首时语气强，而且主句的谓语要用部分倒装。,例Hardly had I got home when it began to rain.例As soon as I arrive in Shanghai,Ill write to you.(10)every time/each time/last time/next time/by the time：在时间状语从句中，不能用将来时或过去将来时，而要用一般现在时或一般过去时代替将来时。例Next time you come here,I will tell you.,【点津】时间状语从句的3个重点句型(1)It will be.before.过很久才例It will be long before they come back.(2)It wont be.before.不久就例It wont be long before they come back.(3)It is/has been.since.自从以来多长时间注意：since引导的从句如果用终止性动词，表示的时间是从谓语动作算起，如果用延续性动词表示的时间是从动作或状态的结束算起。,例It has been a decade since he joined the club.(从加入俱乐部后算起)It is two years and a half since he was an ambassador to France.(从不再任大使算起),2.地点状语从句where与wherever意义基本相同，但后者语气较强，多用于书面语例Where there is water there is life.Wherever you go,you must obey the law.3.原因状语从句(1)because用来回答why 的问题，语气最强，一般放在主句之后例I came back late yesterday because I was on duty.,(2)since表示既然或已知的理由,稍加分析即可表明的原因,多放句首例Since everyone is here,lets begin our meeting.(3)as引导的从句常放在句首，说明次要的原因，主句说明结果，常用于口语中(注意比较for连接的是并列句)例As he didnt know much English,he looked up the word in the dictionary.,(4)now that,seeing that，considering that：considering that,seeing(that),now that 和since 意义相似，都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思，that可以省去例He finished his task very well,considering that it was quite different.4.目的状语从句(1)so that/in order that引导的目的状语从句中需用情态动词can,could等。例I shall write down your telephone number so that I may not forget.,(2)in order that引导的从句可位于主句之前或之后，so that引导的从句只能位于主句之后。例They worked harder than usual in order that they could finish the work ahead of time.(3)for fear that(惟恐，以防)与in case所引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词有时也用should/might/could+动词原形。例The boy hid himself behind the tree for fear that his father might see him.例Take your umbrella in case it should rain.,(4)目的状语从句可以用so as to,in order to等不定式代替，但主句和从句的主语必须一致。5.结果状语从句(1)so that前有逗号为结果状语从句例We turned up the radio,so that everyone heard the news.(2)so.that的so后面跟形容词或副词例He was so excited that he couldnt say a word.,(3)such.that的such后面跟名词，如果名词是单数就要用such a/an.that还可以转换用so.that，语气较强例Jack is so honest a worker that we all believe him.=Jack is such an honest worker that we all believe him.6.条件状语从句常用引导词：if/unless/as long as/so long as/in case/so far as/as far as(1)unless从句的谓语只能用肯定式；unless和if.not同义，unless是书面语，if.not是口语，通常二者可以换用；例Difficulties are nothing if we are not afraid of them.We shall go there tomorrow unless it rains.,(2)条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态一般要用现在时或过去时代替一般将来时或过去将来时。例So long as you work hard,you will succeed.7.方式状语从句(1)as引导状语从句，译为“按照或正如”例Do as you are told to.,(2)as if或as though的意义和用法基本一样；从句中可以用陈述语气表示可能符合事实，也可以用虚拟语气表示与事实相反例They treat the black boy as if(though)he were their own.,8.让步状语从句(1)though/although:在句子中一般用了“虽然”就不能再用“但是”(but),但可以与yet或still连用；though/although意义相同，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化，后者正式，多放在主句的前面例Although(Though)he was over sixty,(yet)he began to learn French.(2)even if和even though的意思为“即使”“纵使”有退一步设想的意味，多用于书面语中例Ill go even if(though)it rains tomorrow.,(3)as引出的状语从句多用于书面语，从句常放在句首，语序部分倒装例Cold as it is,(=Though it is cold,)the children play outdoors.(4)no matter(who,what,when,where,which,how.):no matter.与wh-ever引导的让步状语从句意义基本一样，no matter.引导的从句可位于主句前或主句后例No matter how/However busy he was,he studied English every day.,(5)wh-ever(whatever/whoever/whenever/whichever);howeverwh-ever从句中的动词有时可以和may连用;wh-ever可引导让步状语从句和名词性从句，no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句9.比较状语从句(1)as.as;not so/as.as;the same.as;such.as连词表示同程度级的比较，肯定句用as.as,否定句可用not as.as 或not so.as例He doesnt run so(as)fast as Jack(does).Henry is not such a good worker as Peter.,(2)than表示不同程度的比较，主句中用比较级的形容词或副词例He runs less fast than me.,考点 2 状语从句的4种倒装句式 考查指数1.not until置于句首时主句要倒装。例Not until we pointed out their faults did they realize it.2.no sooner与hardly/scarcely引导的主句谓语应用过去完成时，而than与when从句中谓语应用一般过去时。此外，当把no sooner和hardly/scarcely提到句首时，应用倒装语序。例No sooner had we arrived at the station than the train left.,3.在so/such.that.句型中，如果so或such置于句首，主句则用部分倒装。例So fast did he walk that none of us was his equal.4.as引导让步状语从句须用倒装，句型为：adj./adv./n.(一般不带冠词)/v.(原形)+as+主语+谓语。例Angry as/though he was,he managed to speak calmly.【点津】as引导的让步状语从句中，被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形，though也可以用于这样的结构中(although不能这样用)。,考点 3 状语从句的4种省略形式 考查指数 在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，如果从句的主语和主句主语一致或从句的主语为it而且从句的谓语又包含be,就可以省略从句中的“主语+be”部分，构成下列结构：1.连词+分词例Look out while crossing the street.2.连词+形容词例Come tomorrow if possible.,3.连词+介词短语例While in Beijing,I paid a visit to the Great Wall.4.连词+不定式例He cleared his throat as if to say something.,【模拟题组】1.(2013北京模拟)Friends are angels who lift us to our feet _ our wings have trouble remembering how to fly.A.unless B.because C.though D.when【解析】选D。考查状语从句。由句意可知朋友是当我们遇到困难时能帮助我们的天使。本题考查连词，实际上要考查的就是前后逻辑，明显不具备因果关系和转折关系，所以排除B选项和C选项。A选项unless表示“除非否则”的逻辑，此处同样不成立。因此选D。,2.(2013成都模拟)“_ Libyas oil production returns to normal,I guess,it will be fifteen months.”said a UN expert.A.After B.That C.Before D.Since【解析】选C。考查时间状语从句。句意：一位联合国专家说，我认为15个月之后利比亚的石油产量才能恢复正常。此处正常的语序为：it will be fifteen months before Libyas oil production returns to normal。故选C。,3.(2013南京模拟)Some people create jobs,foster excitement and basically make the system work.They see possibilities _ others see only problems.A.that B.what C.which D.where【解析】选D。考查地点状语从句。句意：有些人创造工作，孕育激情，最根本的是让系统运转正常。他们在别人看到的只是问题的地方看到机会。where 引导的句式在句中作状语，表示地点，故选D。,4.(2013保定模拟)Do you think the weather will be all right this golden week?No，_ were lucky，it is reported that there will be sandstorms anyway.A.if B.though C.unless D.as【解析】选C。考查条件状语从句。句意：你认为这个黄金周的天气会好吗？不，除非我们幸运，据报道会有沙尘暴。if如果；though尽管；unless除非；as因为，根据句意，C为最佳选项。,5.(2013郑州模拟)You shall get a film ticket free _ you use your credit card twice this month.A.until B.since C.if D.unless【解析】选C。考查状语从句。句意：如果你这个月使用两次信用卡，你就可以得到一张免费的电影票。until直到；since自从；unless除非，根据句意，这里表示条件，用if,故选C。,6.(2013邯郸模拟)You can hold a party in the garden _ you clean it up afterwards.A.as long as B.even ifC.now that D.as soon as【解析】选A。考查状语从句。句意：只要你事后清理干净，你可以在花园里开聚会。as long as只要；even if即使；now that既然；as soon as一就，根据句意，这里表示条件关系，故选A。,7.(2013石家庄模拟)Dont promise anything _ you are 100 percent sure.A.since B.after C.if D.unless【解析】选D。考查条件状语从句。句意：不要承诺任何事情除非你有100%的把握。此处unless意为：除非，引导让步状语从句。故选D。,8.(2013太原模拟)Poor _ it may be,there is no place like home,_ you may go.A.as;wherever B.though;wheneverC.in spite of;when D.that;wherever【解析】选A。考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管穷，但不管走到哪里，你都找不到家这样的地方。第一空是as引导的让步状语从句；第二空是wherever引导的让步状语从句。故选A。,9.(2013常州模拟)_ there is going to be a policy change,_ of those things is going to change.A.Unless;few B.Until;fewC.Unless;none D.Until;none【解析】选C。考查状语从句及代词的用法。句意：除非政策变化，否则那些事不会改变。unless“除非”，引导让步状语从句，根据句意，C为最佳选项。,10.(2013郑州模拟)_ these disputes account for a small part in the cooperation,the sudden frictions(摩擦)have affected the involved companies.A.When B.As C.While D.However【解析】选C。考查让步状语从句。句意：虽然这些争端占据合作中的一小部分,但是突然的摩擦还是影响了相关的企业。根据句意,两句为转折关系,因此选While,意为“虽然”。故选C。,11.(2013杭州模拟)No one can ignore the fact that his wife is independent _ her husband earns all or most of the family income.A.now that B.in caseC.even if D.only if【解析】选C。考查让步状语从句。句意：没有人可以忽视这个事实，他的妻子是独立的，即使她的丈夫赚了全部或大多数家庭收入。now that既然；in case以防；only if只有。even if意为“即使”，符合语境，故选C。,12._ difficulty lies in our way,it cant prevent China from hitting the target of environmental protection as planned,according to the spokesman.A.However B.WhatC.No matter what D.Now that【解析】选C。考查让步状语从句。句意：发言人表示，不管面前有什么困难，都不能阻挡中国人民实现环境保护的既定目标。no matter what difficulty 适合本句句意。however 后不跟名词；what 不符合句式；now that“既然”不符合题意，故选C。,13.(2013菏泽模拟)_,his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A.Strange as might it soundB.As it might sound strangeC.As strange it might soundD.Strange as it might sound,【解析】选D。考查让步状语从句的倒装结构。句意：尽管他的观点听起来很奇怪，但是在会议上还是被所有人接受了。as引导让步状语从句时，常放在作表语、状语或谓语的形容词、名词、副词或动词原形之后。如果是单数可数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。故选D。,14.(2013长春模拟)The government has taken some measures to solve the shortage of electricity,but it may be some time _ the situation improves.A.since B.when C.unless D.before【解析】选D。考查状语从句。句意：政府已经采取一些措施来解决电力短缺的问题，但可能要过一段时间，形势才会有所改变。It may be+一段时间+before从句，其中的主句是肯定式，意为“过多长时间才”；故选D。,15.(2013贵州模拟)It was half a year _ my good friend returned to his hometown.A.before B.since C.that D.when【解析】选A。考查状语从句。句意：半年之后我的好朋友才回到家乡。本句考查固定句式 It+be(not)+时间段+before 从句,其中的主句是肯定式时，意为“过多长时间才”；故选A。,【原创题组】16._ Mo Yans American audience has been limited,a film based on his novel“Red Sorghum”and directed by Zhang Yimou,was one of the most internationally acclaimed Chinese films.A.When B.As C.While D.Since,【解析】选C。考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管莫言的美国读者是有限的，但是一部依照其小说改编，由张艺谋导演的电影红高粱，被誉为中国最有国际影响力的电影之一。when当时候；as因为；while尽管；since既然，根据句意，选C。,17.Its _fine weather _we all decide to pay a visit to Qingdao on National Day.A.such;as B.so;thatC.such;that D.so;as【解析】选C。考查结果状语从句。句意：天气这么好，我们决定国庆节去青岛游玩。本题干扰项中such as引导定语从句，易混淆，so 修饰形容词或副词，而这儿是名词，故选C。,18._ Wu Dongbo is,he has become popular throughout the whole country for his excellent performance on TV.A.Child as B.As a childC.Though a child D.A child though【解析】选A。考查让步状语从句连词的选择。句意：尽管武东博还是个小孩，但是凭着在电视上的突出表现，他受到全国人民的欢迎。故选A。,19.A teacher became a hit online _ he turned the selection of monitor into a show like The Voice of China.A.after B.before C.when D.while【解析】选A。考查连词。句意：一位老师在模仿“中国好声音”的方法选班长后，在网上走红。由句意可知，老师是在模仿“中国好声音”的方法选班长后才走红的，故用after引导时间状语从句。,20.The painting is much too expensive,in my opinion.I am determined to get it,_the cost.A.however B.whateverC.whichever D.wherever【解析】选B。考查状语从句。句意：依我看，这幅画太贵了。我决心已定，无论什么代价，都要得到它。根据句意，应该选whatever，表示无论代价是“什么”。如果选however，应该是however much it may cost。,