半导体材料和应用.ppt

The development and application of semiconductor materials,Outline,1，Background introduction2,The simple principle of semiconductor materials3,The performance of semiconductor materials4,Application and advantages of semiconductor materials5,Prospects for the development of semiconductor devices,Background,In 1947,the first transistor was invented by John Bardeen and Walter Brattain in Bell labs.In 1954,the first solar cell was invented by Chap in Bell labs.In1958-1959，a simple integrated circuit came out to the publicIn 1962,Hall invented the first semiconductor laser,The simple principle of semiconductor materials,a substance as germanium(锗)or silicon（硅）whose electrical conductivity is intermediate between that of a metal and an insulator.,The performance of semiconductor,its conductivity increases with increasing temperature and in the presence of impurities.Photovoltaic effect.photoconductive effect.Unidirectional Conductivity.,Application and advantages of semiconductor materials,solar cellsLight Emitting Diode(LED)integrated circuit(IC)semiconductor laser,When the solar cell surface exposed to the light,making the electrons transition,gathering to form a potential difference on both sides of the P-N junction.,solar cells,advantages:1),Solar power is non-polluting2),The light and energy from the sun is free3),Solar cells require very little maintenance4),solar power is silent powered,LED,LED converts electrical energy into light.advantages:led lighting with energy efficient,low-carbon environment,small size,high strength,low voltage drive,high stability of the lamp,high waterproof,etc,integrated circuit,The advantages of integrated circuits as follows:small size,light weight,long life,high reliability and performance.,semiconductor laser,compared to the Ordinary laser，advantages：1），longer life，2），smaller size，3），Less consumption of electricity4），Higher efficiency,Prospects for the development of semiconductor devices,some productions showing the semiconductor used in different areas,summary,The simple principle of semiconductor material,Application and advantages of semiconductor material,Prospects for the development of semiconductor devices:Semiconductor street lights,thermometer,air-conditioning,thank you for your attention!,