《高级英语翻译》PPT课件.ppt

高级英语翻译-Advanced English Translation,主讲:杨晓军博士,Lecture OneGeneral Introduction to Western Translation Theories,教材:廖七一,当代西方翻译理论探索，南京：译林出版社，2006参考文献：李文革，西方翻译理论流派研究，北京：中国社会科学出版社，2004.谭载喜，西方翻译简史，北京：商务印书馆，2000.Bassnet,Susan.Translation Studies(3rd edn).London and New York:Routledge,2002.Munday,Jeremy.Introducing Translation Studies:Theories and Applications.London and New York:Routledge,2001.,1 Course Description,1.1 Objectivity of This Course To master basic knowledge and theories about translation,to understand better the differences between English and Chinese,to train the students to acquire some skills,techniques and strategies in translating,thus developing students abilities to translate efficiently and effectively.Requirements in the syllabus(for English majors),1.2 Requirements in the syllabus,初步了解翻译基础理论和英汉两种语言的异同，并掌握常用的翻译技巧，能将中等难度的英语段落或篇章译成汉语；能将中等难度的汉语段落或篇章译成英语。速度为每小时250-300个英文单词。能担任外宾日常生活的口译。能熟练运用翻译理论和翻译技巧，将英美媒体（报刊，杂志，网络）上的文章以及文学原著译成汉语，或将我国媒体（报刊，杂志，网络）上的文章和一般文学作品译成英语，速度为每小时250-300个英文单词。译文要求忠实原文，语言流畅，优美。,1.3 八级翻译测试要求,应试者能运用所学翻译的理论与技巧，翻译我国或英美报刊杂志上的论述文及文学原著节录。速度为每小时250词，译文要求忠实原意，语言流畅。Excellent translation:the translation faithfully reflects all the original passage with only 1 or 2 minor errors in vocabulary,syntax,punctuation,or spelling.The translation is smooth and elegant(appropriate choice of words,a variety in sentence patterns),1.4 My Requirements,Full attendance,active participation/involvement(30-40%of the final score)Improve proficiency in Chinese and English(read more classic works)Eager to practice translating and compare different versions or model translationsEager to accumulate information or materials related to translation from public places,newspaper,TV,magazines,internet and other mass media.e.g.,1.5 全国翻译资格证书考试,初级，中级，高级（笔译、口译），5月/10月初级：3小时，2篇英译汉，2篇汉译英，250词，一般难度英汉互译工作中级：4小时，4篇（400词），能够胜任专职翻译工作 高级：6小时，6篇（400词），能担任各种国际会议文件及专业性文件的翻译或审定工作，能够承担政府部门高级笔译工作。,2 General Introduction to Translation,Translatability:different in grammar,syntactic structures,lexicology,phonetics;but similar in living patterns.Origin of translation:Tower of Babel;first recorded in West Han Dynasty;History:5 periods of climax functions of translation:a means of cross-linguistic,cross-cultural communication;a technique for improving language acquisition;an instrument for transmitting culture,encouraging social development.,3 Definition of translation,Cross-linguistic transformation of meaning/message将一种语言传达的信息/意义用另外一种语言传达出来；Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message,first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.(Eugene A.Nida and Charles R.Taber,1982:12)Source language,target language/receptor language;translator,author;original,version/translation,4 Classifications of Translation,4.1 Jakobson,R.(1959/2000):Intralingual translation,or rewording:an interpretation of verbal signs by means of other signs of the same language;Interlingual translation,or translation proper:an interpretation of verbal signs by means of some other language(it is the focus of translation studies);Intersemiotic translation,or transmutation:an interpretation of verbal signs by means of signs of non-verbal sign system.,Classification of Translation,4.2 Eugene A.Nidas classification(1984:9-15)A.语文学翻译 B.语言学翻译 C.交际学翻译 D.社会符号学翻译4.3 George Steiners classification(See P2)4.4 E.Gentzlers classification(See P2)4.5 谭载喜的六分法(See P2)4.6 廖七一的三分法(See P2)4.7 李文革的七分法：文艺学派、语言学派、翻译研究学派、阐释学派、解构学派、美国翻译培训学派、法国的释意派,5 Criteria/Principles of translation,Alexander Fraser Tytlers three principles:A.The translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work.B.The style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original.C.The translation should have all the ease of original composition.Nida(dynamic/functional equivalence)Yan Fu:faithfulness,expressiveness,eleganceFu Lei:spiritual resemblanceQian Zhongshu:sublimationFaithfulness(in content,style),smoothness(natural,readable,expressive),6.Qualities for a good translator,1.Good bi-lingual competence,esp.understanding and expressing e.g.She is a cat.You cant be too careful.It is five years since he smoked.2.Broad knowledge3.Translation strategies,techniques4.Careful and conscientious attitude5.Awareness of the cultural differences,7.Definition of translation studies,The academic discipline concerned with the study of translation at large,including literary and non-literary translation,various forms of oral interpreting,as well as dubbing and subtitling.Translation Studies is also understood to cover the whole spectrum of research and pedagogical activities,from developing theoretical frameworks to conducting individual case studies to engaging in practical matters such as training translators and developing criteria for translation assessment.(Baker2001:277),Holmess map of translation studies,Translation studies pure appliedTheoretical descriptive General partial translator translation translation training aids criticismMedium area rank text-type time problem Restricted-,