初中英语名词练习题.doc

名 词 讲 解 一、名词的分类类别意义例词专有名词表示人、地方、组织机构或事物等的专有名词Lu Xun, China,Handan, WTO普通名词可数名词个体名词表示一类人或物的个体apple, pencil,doctor, teacher集体名词表示一群人或一类物的集合体people, family,team, class不可数名词物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物air, sand,water, rain抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念peace, friendship,happiness 二、名词的数    名词分为可数和不可数名词。物质名词与抽象名词一般属于不可数名词，它们只有单数形式；个体名词和集体名词一般是可数名词，通常有单数和复数两种形式。1. 单数变复数的规则情况构成方法例词一般情况直接加smap-maps / bag-bags / car-_以“辅音字母+y”结尾变y 为i，再加esbaby-babies / family-_以“元音字母+y”结尾直接加sday-days / monkey-_以s, sh, ch, x等结尾直接加esbus-buses / watch-_以f或fe结尾变f或fe为veswife-wives / knife-_部分以o结尾加eshero-heroes / tomato-_【注】 ch读/k/时，其复数形式应加s，如stomachs（胃，腹部）       常见的以o结尾要加es的有如下几个：hero, Negro, tomato, potato, mango，可记为“黑人英雄爱吃两菜一果”。       以f或fe结尾变f或fe为ves的词有如下：        妻子拿刀去宰狼，小偷吓得着了慌，躲进架子保己命，半片树叶遮目光。2. 不规则复数形式  构成方法例词a变eman-men, woman-_, policeman-_, Frenchman-_oo变eetooth-teeth, foot-_, goose-_ouse变为icemouse-mice, louse-_词尾加renchild-children单复数同形deer, sheep, Chinese, Japanese, reindeer 【注】 man，woman作定语修饰别的名词时，要把man，woman和其他部分都变成复数，如man teacher men teachers，woman doctor - _； 不规则复数形式的记忆口诀：男女警察英法人，都是将man变成men。脚、牙oo变ee，child加上ren。鹿和绵羊是一家，单变复时不变化。3. “某国人”的复数形式 “中日不变英法变，其余s加后边” 国家名国籍单数复数China中国人a Chinesetwo ChineseJapan日本人a Japanesetwo JapaneseEngland英国人An Englishmantwo EnglishmenFrance法国人a Frenchmantwo FrenchmenAustralia澳大利亚人an Australiantwo AustraliansRussia俄国人a Russiantwo RussiansItaly意大利人an Italiantwo ItaliansGreece希腊人a Greektwo GreeksAmerica美国人an Americantwo AmericansIndia印度人an Indiantwo IndiansCanada加拿大人a Canadiantwo CanadiansGermany德国人a Germanstwo GermansSweden瑞典人a Swedetwo Swedes 三、名词所有格    在英语中，特别是表示有生命的名词，可以加's表示所属关系，名词的这种形式我们称之为名词的所有格。1. 有生命的名词所有格（1）单数名词的所有格加s。如：     Mothers Day_   the little girls doll_（2）以s结尾的复数名词所有格只加。如：     Teachers Day_   the students books_（3）姓氏以s结尾，也可直接加。如：     Jones office琼斯的办公室（4）不规则的复数名词变所有格加s。如：     childrens books儿童读物  Womens Day_（5）表示两人共有时，只在最后一个名词后加s。如：     莉莉和露西的爸爸_  约翰和玛丽的课桌_（6）表示两人各自所有时，则两个专有名词都要用所有格形式，而且后面所修饰的名词要用复数形式。如：     王林的爸爸和李坤的爸爸_     露西的房间和莉莉的房间_2. 无生命的名词所有格（1）无生命的名词所有格常用of结构表示，如：     the leg of the table _  the cover of the book _（2）表示国家、时间、距离、重量和价值等的名词通过词尾变化表示所有，如：     Chinas future_    todays newspaper_     十分钟的路程_   两周的假期_3. 双重所有格    双重所有格就是将of结构与s结构或名词性物主代词一起使用，如：    a friend of Toms _   a friend of mine _4. 表示住宅、办公室或店铺的名词所有格后面一般省略它所修饰的名词，如：   at Johns (home) _   at the doctors (office) _   at the barbers (shop) _ 跟踪练习一 找出下列笑话中的可数名词，并写出其复数形式：  In the market, a buyer asked a seller “How much is this cat, please?” “100 dollars.” “But you only asked for 20 dollars yesterday!” “Yes, thats true. But this cat ate a bird last night and the bird was worth 80 dollars!”   二 找出不可数名词，在横线上打勾，并将可数名词变成复数形式：  homework _ half _ advice_ money _ knowledge _  boot _music _ chicken _ mouth _bread _  information _milk _cow _ orange _ water _ 三 选择填空：1The deer has four _.  A. foot    B. feet    C. feets    D. foots2Her two brothers are both _.  A. policeman    B. policemans    C. policemen    D. policemens3There are four _ and two _ in the group.  A. Japanese, Germen    B. Japaneses, Germen    C. Japanese, Germans4Two _ would come to the village.  A. woman-doctors    B. women doctor    C. women doctors    D. woman doctors5Can you see nine _ in the picture?  A. sheep    B. dog    C. pig    D. horse6The _ has two _.  A. boys, watches    B. boy, watch    C. boy, watches    D. boys, watch7The boy often brushes his _ before he goes to bed.  A. tooth    B. tooths    C. teeth    D. teeths8The Japanese _ will not leave China until she finishes her study.  A. woman    B. women    C. man    D. men9There are lots of _ in the basket on the table.  A. tomatos    B. tomato    C. tomatoes    D. tomatoss10. The cat caught two _ last night.  A. mouses    B. mice    C. mouse    D. mices 四 名词所有格练习：1. _(李明的父母)work in a big hospital.2. This is _(我妹妹的语文书)3. _(John和Sally的母亲) are American.4. _(王平和王明的父亲) is a hotel manager.5. Is this _(你的好朋友的钢笔) ?6. They are _(Peter 和Sam的老师).7. _(教师节) is on September 10th .8. _(学生们的桌椅) are very new.9. We are very happy on _(儿童节).10. _(赵敏的鞋) are white. 五 名词复数形式和数词的练习：1. There are _(58个学生)in our class.2. There are _(22个孩子) in the room.3. I can see _(六杯茶) on the table.4. There are _(44位女老师) in her school.5. We can see _(18个妇女) over there.6. _(多少幅画) are there in you bedroom?7. I have _(3本字典).8. Our school has _(2个图书馆) .9. There are _(12个月) in a year.10. There are _(13辆公共汽车) on the street. 初中英语名词练习题、基本型写出下列名词的复数形式：1. pencil-box _ 2. wife _ 3. Sunday_4. city_ 5. dress _6. Englishman _7. match _ 8. Chinese _9. zoo _10. exam_ 11. German _12. I have a lot of _(作业) to do every day.13. His _(裤子) are new, but mine are old.14. It is the best one of the _ (照片) in my family.15. Are they building any _ (图书馆) in the city?16. Can you cut this big pear into two _(半)?17. At the end of _(八月), you must get ready for the new school year.18. Trees are planted in most of the mountain v_.19. I like a_. Its neither hot nor cold.20. T_ comes after Monday.、提高型1. June 1st is _ Day all over the world.A. Childs B. Childs C. ChildrensD. Childrens2. September 10th is _ Day in China, isnt it?A. TeachersB. TeachersC. TeacherD. Teacher of3. _ is made of _.A. Glass; glassB. A glass; glassC. Glasses; glasses D. A glass; glasses4. This is _ news.A. such a good B. a very good C. so good a D. such good5. What _ it is! Lets go swimming.A. a fine weatherB. fine dayC. a fine dayD. bad weather6. They like Chinese _.A. food and peoples B. foods and people C. foods and people D. food and people7. Lucy and I go to school _ every day.A. on feetB. on footC. by footsD. by buses8. Are those _? -No, they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep; cowsB. sheep; cowC. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows9. What are you listening to, Jane? _ or _?A. a music; a newsB. music; newsC. music; newsD. music; a news10. How many _ and _ are there in your class?A. boy student; girl ones B. girls students; boys onesC. boys student; girl one D. girl students; boy ones11.A group of _ are talking with two _ over there.A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; GermenC. German; Frenchmen D. Germans; Frenchmans12. That bus driver drank two _.A. glass of water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea D. cup of tea13. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of _.A. Bobs motherB. Bobs mothersC. mother of BobD. Bob mothers14. The tall man with a big nose is _ teacher.A. Tom and Carl B. Toms and Carls C. Tom and Carls15. There is _ tree in our school.A. a 8-metres-tall B. an-8-metre-tall C. an 8 metres tall 、综合型1. In _ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.A.fewyear B. a few years C. few years D. a few years2. Did you hear the _ report?A. police B. policemens C. policemans D. policemens3. We bought _ for my mothers birthday.A. some meats B. some pieces meat C. a piece of meat D. pieces of meats4. Whose is this new desk?-Its _.A. Sue and Jims B. Sue and Jim C. Sues and Jims5. Would you like _ coffee?-No, thanks. Ive drunk two _.A.any; bottles of orange B. little; bottle of orangesC. some; bottles of orange D. a few; bottle of orange6. How many _ do you want?-Two, please.A. kilos of egg B. kilo of eggs C. kilos of eggs D. kilo of bread7. The railway station is two _ from our house.A. hours drive B. hours drive C. hour-drive D. hours drive8. Where are you going, Lucy?-_.A. To my uncle B. To my uncles C. At my uncle D. At my uncles9. Have you read _?A. a newspaper of todays B. today newspaper C. today's newspaper10. Therere a lot of _ down there, but hardly any _.A. horse; people B. horses; peoples C. cow; people D. sheep; people11. Lucy put a lot of _ in _ of tea. (2000西安)A. sugar; the two cup B. sugars; the two cupsC. sugar; the two cups D. sugars; two cups12. Mr. Lin often gives us _ by e-mail. (2000上海)A. some good information B. some good informationsC. good informations D. a good information13. Is this your room?-No, its _ room.(2000广州)A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple17. Help yourself to some _.-Thank you. I really like them.(2001汕头)A. fish B. orange C. bread D. cakes18. This is an old photo of mine when I _. (2001吉林)A. have short hairs B. had short hairsC. have short hair D. had short hair19. Where is _ sweater? I cant see it.(2001四川)A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Lucys20. The little baby has two _ already.(2001天津)A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths21. We all had _ last month. Did you travel to anywhere?A. seven days holiday B. seven days holidayC. seven-days holiday D. a seven-days holiday22. Yesterday a few _ came to visit some _ in Shantou.A. German; places of interest B. Germans; places of interestsC. Germans; places of interest D. Germen; places of interest23. When autumn comes, _ of most trees turn yellow and then fall down.A. leaf B. leafs C. leave D. leaves