汉英语篇翻译中主位、信息结构的解构与重构.ppt
汉英语篇翻译中主位、信息结构的解构与重构,一、主位与主位推进模式(thematic progression pattern),1.主位同一型。T1-R1T2(=T1）-R2Tn(=T1)-Rn。英汉例句：Thorpe was a black.He was six feet one inch tall,weighed 185 pounds and had incredible speed and power.He built upon these natural gifts daily.某君昆仲，今隐其名，皆余昔日在中学时良友；分隔多年，消息渐阙。目前偶闻其一大病；适归故乡，迂道往访，则仅晤一人，言病者其弟也。2.述位同一型。T1-R1T2-R2(=R1)Tn-Rn(R1)。英汉例句：England is a country;France is a country;Turkey is another country;Egypt,Italy,Poland are other countries.老人也好,年轻人也好,男人也好,女人也好,都要定期检查身体以了解自己的身体状况。,3.延续型。T1-R1T2(=R1)-R2Tn(=Rn-1)-Rn。英汉例句：Outside my window is a big lawn.In the middle of the lawn is a flower bed.This bed is full of daffodils.扬州有一座黛山，山上有个林子洞，林子洞里原来有一群耗子精。4.交叉型。T1-R1T2-R2(=T1)Tn-Rn(=Tn-1)。英汉例句：The play(T1)was interesting(R1),but I(T2)didnt enjoy it(R2=T1).A young man and a young woman(T3)troubled me(R3=T2).I(T4)turned around and looked at them(R4=T3),but they(T5)didnt pay any attention to me(R5=T4).他匆匆地走进屋子，屋里的女人惊慌地看着他，以为非礼于她。,Advantages of Job Interview Now,when a person is hunting for a job(T1),there will always be a job interview(R1).I(T2)think the job interview has a lot of advantages(R2).The interviewer and the interviewee(T3)can know about each other though it(R3).First the interviewer(T4)can tell something about the job to the interviewee such as the wage,the work conditions and something else which is relevant to the job(R4)，Then the interviewee(T5)can decide whether the job is really suitable for him(R5).Second I(T6=T2)think the job interview is good for the interviewee(R6=T5).,Because he(T7)can impress the interviewer by good behavior.(R7).He(T8)can show both his ability and his confidence(T8).Then the interviewer(T9=(T4)can figure out whether he is the right person for the job(R8).In a word,I(T10)think the interview will do good to both the interviewer and the interviewee(R10=T3).By the interview,the interviewee(T10)can find a suitable job(R11=R5)and the interviewer(T12)can find a suitable person if both of them make the best of the best of the job interview(R12=R9).,二、信息结构理论,信息流（information flow）信息单位”（information unit）篇章功能”(textual function),三、汉英语篇翻译中主位、信息结构的解构与重构,老人也好，年轻人也好，男人也好，女人也好，都要定期检查身体以了解自己的身体状况。The old（T1）,the young(T2),men(T3)and women(T4)ought to take physical(R1=R2,R3 and R4)examinations at regular intervals so as to know about their own health.,火车缓缓驶进站台，站台上人群簇拥着挤在车门边，车门一打开，人群哄拥着扑向火车。The train（T1）was slowly driven into the station and stopped by the side of platform.On the platform(T2),the crowd was waiting at the gate of the train.The gate(T3)opened,they(T4)roared and swarmed toward the train.T1-R1T2(=R1)-R2Tn(=Rn-1)-Rn,孔乙己是站着喝酒而穿长衫的唯一的人。他身材高大;青白脸色,皱纹间时常夹些伤痕;一部乱蓬蓬的花白胡子。Kong Yiji(T1)was the only long-gowned customer(R1)to drink his wine standing.He(T2)was a big man(=T1),strangely pallid(R2),with scars that often showed among the wrinkles of his face.He(T3=T1)had a large unkept beard(R3),streaked with white.,一片危峭的石壁,满附着蓬蓬的枯草。壁上攀援着一个牧人,背着脸,右手拿着竿子,左手却伸下去摩抚岩下的一只小羊,他的指尖刚及到小羊的头上。It was a picture of a steep mountain cliff,covered with withered grass.On the edge of the cliff climbed a shepherd,his face facing the cliff.In the shepherds right hand was a pole.And his left hand was reaching as far as he could to get a lamb,and the tips of his fingers were just touching the little lambs head.,去的尽管去了,来的尽管来着;去来的中间,又怎样地匆匆呢?Who has gone（T1）is gone(R1=T1)，and who will come（T2）is coming（R2=T2).Between O(T3)gone,and coming(R3),how is it hurried?(T4=T3)R4在这个原语语篇中，第一小句和第二小句都属于主述同一型,第三小句和第四小句只表达一条信息,属延续型主位。在译语语篇中作了不同的处理，第一句和第二句主位、述位相同，第三句和第四句主位相同（无主位）、述位不同,石油大学是一所直属教育部的、理工结合的全国重点大学,其前身是1953年成立的北京石油学院。1969 年11月,学校迁到胜利油田,更名为华东石油学院。1981年,在北京建立华东石油学院北京研究生部。1988 年2月,经国家教委批准,学校更名为石油大学。The University of Petroleum China,originally known as Beijing Petroleum Institute founded in 1953,is a key university of science and engineering directly under the State Education Commission.,试改译如下:The University of Petroleum China,a key university of science and engineering directly under the State Education Commission,is known originally as Beijing Petroleum Institute when it was founded in 1953.,
