肯尼迪演讲修辞方法分析.ppt

INAUGURAL ADDRESS,John F.Kennedy,rhetorical devices,1.Alliteration（头韵)2.Metaphor(暗喻）3.Parallelism（排比)4.Paradox（反论)5.Repetition（重复)6.Quotation（引用）,Alliteration（头韵),Alliteration:Examples：Let every nation know,whether it wishes us well or ill,that we shall pay any price,bear any burden,meet any hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe,in order to assure the survival and the success of liberty(para4）,Metaphor(暗喻),Metaphor:（implied comparison through a figurative,not literal,use of words）Examples:1.To remember that,in the past,those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.(para7)2.To those peoples in the huts and villages across the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery(para8),3.To our sister republics south of our border,we offer a special pledge-to convert our good words into good deeds-in a new alliance for progress-to assist free men and free government in casting off the chains of poverty.（para9)4.Before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destructio.（para11）,排比（Parallelism）Parallelism:(the arrangement of words,phrases,clauses,or larger structures placed side by side,making them similar in form)Examples:1.Born in this century,tempered by war,disciplined by a hard and bitter peace,proud of our ancient heritage and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights.to which this Nation has always been committed,and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.,2.Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas.And let every other power know that this Hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.3.The energy,the faith,the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who sever itand the glow from that fire can truly light the world.,Paradox（反论）Paradox:(a statement that seems self-contradictory,yet turns out to have a rational meaning)Examples:More haste,less speed.欲速则不达。1.Symbolizing an end,as well as a beginning;signifying renewal,as well as change.2.If a free society cannot help the many who are poor,it cannot save the few who are rich.3.For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.,Repetition（重复）,Repetition（a word or phrase used two or more times in close proximity）Examples:1.allformsofhumanpovertyandallformsofhumanlifenotfrom thegenerosityofthestate,butfromthehandofGod2.thatweshallpayany price,bearany burden,meetany hardship,support any friend,oppose any foe.,3.wepledgeourwordthatoneformofcolonialcontrol shall not have passed away merely to be replace by a far more iron tyranny.we shall not always expect to find them supporting our view.But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom.4.We dare not tempt them with weakness.For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.,Quotation（引用）1.For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago.2.Let both sides unite to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah to“undo the heavy burdensand to let the oppressed go free.”3.Now the trumpet summons us againnot as a call to bear arms,though arms we need,not as a call to battle,though embattled we are but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle,year in and year out,“rejoicing in hope,patient in tribulation”a struggle against the common enemies of man.,Do not pray for easy lives.Pray to be stronger men!,Thank you,