毛首鞭形线虫mondia.ppt
毛首鞭形线虫,Trichuris trichiura Linnaeus,简称“鞭虫”(whipworm),是人体常见的寄生线虫,成虫常寄生于盲肠,引起鞭虫病(trichuriasis)。,一、形 态(Morphology),形似马鞭,虫体前3/5细长,后2/5粗大。雌虫大,尾端钝圆而直。雄虫小,尾端向腹面弯曲。,1.成虫(adult),较长,约4-5cm,尾端直。较短,约3-4cm,尾端卷曲。,雄虫尾端有一根交合刺,纺锤形 黄褐色,2.虫卵(Egg):,50-5422-23m卵壳较厚,两端有透明栓。,内含一个卵细胞。,电镜扫描下鞭虫卵,Spindle shaped with two plug-like prominence at two poles,成 虫(盲肠),虫卵(粪便),感染期虫卵,3 周,(温暖潮湿),幼 虫,移行致盲肠(约10天左右),经 口 感 染-小 肠,(外界土壤中发育3周),(人体内发育60天),二、生活史(life cycle),1成虫寄生于盲肠,严重时可至结肠、直肠、回肠下段。营养来源:组织液、血液,2感染阶段:感染期卵,4.自食入感染期卵至粪便内查到虫卵的时间:1-3个月,生活史要点:,3.感染方式:经口,三、致 病(Pathogenesis),机械性损伤,分泌物刺激,肠壁粘膜组织充血、水肿、出血,轻度:无明显症状,每条鞭虫使宿主每天失血约0.005ml。,成虫头端钻入肠黏膜下层,以宿主组织液、血液为食。,鞭虫寄生于盲肠实物标本,重度鞭虫感染导致直肠脱垂,四、诊断(Diagnosis),粪便直接涂沉淀集卵法虫卵浓集法(饱和盐水漂浮法),病原学诊断:,人是唯一的传染源 传播途径同蛔虫,常与蛔虫感染并存,但感染率一般低于蛔虫。,分布于热带、亚热带及温带地区,但多见于气候温湿地区。世界卫生组织曾统计鞭虫的感染人数全世界为5001000百万之间。我国鞭虫感染的情况是:北方低于南方,台湾地区感染率可高达6090。儿童感染率高于成人。,五、流行(Epidemiology),六、防治(Treatment and control),1.驱虫治疗:加强粪便管理:3.加强健康教育:,五、流行(epidemiology),虫卵在外界发育,所需气温较高,30为宜,故多见于南方,儿童感染率高。,Whip worm鞭虫Trichuris trichiura毛首鞭形线虫,Morphology,Adult wormMedian size;Slender anteriorlyEggSpindle shaped with two plug-like prominence at two poles,Trichuris trichiura adult female.35-50 mm in length.Whip like shape.Note:A filariform anterior part,Trichuris trichiura adult male30-45 mm.in length.Note:A filariform anterior part and coiled posterior end.,Trichuris trichiura adults.,Trichuris trichiura egg.Wet mount.22-23 x 50-54 micrometer,yellowish-brown.Barrel-shaped with thick egg shell and mucoid plug at either end.,Trichuris trichiura egg.Note the characteristic bipolar plugs;approximate length=50 m,Trichuris vulpis egg,Life Cycle,Similar to Ascaris but no pulmonary migration Developmental cycle shorter(1 month)Favorable site:ileo-caecal regionFirmly inserted,drug expulsion different.,