Book9Unit3.doc

.重点单词识记1random /rændm/ n& adj.随机，随意(的)2fundamental /fndmentl/ adj.根本的，十分重大的；基础的3abolish /blI/ vt.废除，废止(法律、制度、习俗等)4rate /reIt/ n比率；速度；vt.& vi.评估；划分等级5compromise /kmprmaIz/ vi.& n妥协，让步6submit /sbmIt/ vi.& vt.顺从；投降；提交7substitute /sbstItjut/ vt.&vi.替换，替代；n.替代者，替代品8bound /band/ adj.一定会；受约束(而必须做某事)9unconditional /nkndInl/ adj.无条件的；无限制的10arbitrary /bItrrI/ adj.任意的，随意的；专制的，专横的11warmth /wm/ n温暖；热情12liberation /lIbreIn/ n解放liberate vt.解放13symbolize /sImblaIz/ vt.象征，代表symbol n象征，代表14justice /dstIs/ n正义，公正；司法制度just adj.(人、判断)公平的，公正的15honesty /nstI/ n诚实，老实honest adj.诚实的dishonest adj.不诚实的，骗人的16object /bdekt/ vi.反对，不赞成objection n反对，异议17separation /sepreIn/ n分离；隔离separate adj.单独的；分开的；v.(使)分开，(使)分离18spiritual /spIrItul/ adj.精神的，心灵的spirit n精神19purity /pjrtI/ n纯洁，纯净，纯粹pure adj.纯的，纯净的，纯粹的purify vt.使净化20similarity /sImlærtI/ n相似点，相像处；相似性similar adj.相似的21ambitious /æmbIs/ adj.有抱负的；野心勃勃的ambition n雄心，抱负；野心22identification /aIdentIfIkeIn/ n辨认，识别identify vt.确认；识别；鉴别23consistent /knsIstnt/ adj.一致的；始终如一的；连续的consist vi.组成，构成；在于；一致.重点短语识记1at random随机，随意2suffer from遭受；患病3object to反对，不赞成4submit to甘受，屈服，顺从5date back to追溯到，始于6get ones way随心所欲7split off from脱离，分离8substitute A for B用A替换B9be bound to do一定会，肯定会；有做的义务10get married结婚.经典原句默写与背诵1Strengthened by the Revolution(由大革命得到壮大)，France became a different country.2Even then，it would be some time before(得过一段时间才) I was in the black.3Unbelievable as it seems(尽管这似乎有些令人难以置信)，we have completed the project all by ourselves.4Therefore，the next time you choose your clothes(下一次你选服装时)，you should think more carefully about what colours to wear.语境填词1Dont be afraid to be ambitious(ambition) when you set these goals!2The police say there are some similarities(similar) between the two attacks.3In this picture the tree symbolizes(symbol) life while the snake stands for the evil.4Everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality(equal) is the basic demand.5The results are entirely consistent(consist) with our earlier research.6We substituted(替换) red balls for blue ones to see if the baby would notice.7Even though she has failed many times，she will not submit(屈服) to failure.8In order to settle the dispute，they found it wiser to compromise(妥协) with each other.选词填空1The church dating back to the 13th century needs repairing.2The lucky fans will be picked out at random rather than chosen beforehand to perform with the singer during the concert.3You shouldnt let the children always get their way.4You have made outstanding contributions to the companyIm sure you are bound to get promoted this year.5The reason why I object to working with Mr.Black in the same office is that he is a heavy smoker.1object to sb./sth.反对，不赞成object to (sb.) doing.反对(某人)做raise an objection to sth.对提出异议have/make an objection to/against (doing) sth.对表示反对We objected strongly but were outvoted.我们表示强烈反对，但还是被否决了。夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)Unless our manager objects to Toms joining(join) the club，we shall accept him as a member.(2)Despite objections(object) by the White House，the Senate voted today to cut off aid.2make a compromise with与妥协compromise with sb.on.与某人就妥协by compromise通过妥协reach a compromise达成妥协Be ready and willing to make compromises between your needs and those of your partner.时刻准备好并乐意在自己与伴侣的需求之间作出让步。After much argument，the judges finally compromised on the 18­year­old pianist.经过激烈争论，评委终于同意那个18岁的钢琴手获奖。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)The dispute was settled by compromise.(2)The government has compromised with its critics over the policies.3submit to服从于；屈从于submit oneself to甘受；服从submit.to.向提交In desperation，Mrs.Jones submitted to an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain.绝望之际，琼斯夫人只好同意在其右膝上做手术以减轻疼痛。Head teachers yesterday submitted a claim for a 9 percent pay rise.校长们昨天提交了一份要求加薪 9%的声明。夯实基础完成句子(1)If I submitted to(服从) their demands，they would give whatever I want.(2)They submitted their reports to(向提交了他们的报告) the headmaster yesterday.4a substitute for.的代替者substitute A for Bsubstitute B with/by A 用A代替Bsubstitute for代替；取代They were substituting violence for dialogue.他们在用暴力取代对话。She is seeking a substitute for the very man whose departure made her cry.那个男人的离去令她伤心痛哭，她正想找一个人填补内心的空缺。词义辨析substitute，replace(1)这两个词的含义略有不同，substitute强调“代替，顶替”，而replace强调“替换，更换”，即把旧的或坏的东西更换成新的(通常用take the place of更通俗些)。(2)在句型结构上，通常是：substitute A for B“用A代替B”(使用A)；replace A with/by B“用B替换A”(使用B)。夯实基础用substitute，replace的适当形式填空(1)The driver replaced the worn­out tires with/by new ones.(2)He substituted for the teacher who was in hospital.5be bound to一定或注定做；有责任或义务做be bound up in sth.忙于某事；热衷于某事be bound up with和密切相关Ill be bound！我敢肯定！China is bound to consume enormous amounts of raw materials as it develops.中国在其发展过程中一定会消耗数量巨大的原料。We are bound to obey the law.我们有义务遵守法律。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)His career is bound up with the fortunes of the enterprise.(2)He is bound up in his research work.6 Therefore，the next time you choose your clothes，you should think more carefully about what colours to wear.因此，下一次选服装时，你应仔细考虑穿什么颜色。the next time作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似的还有：the moment，the minute，the second，the instant，the day，the week，the month，the year，each/every/any/last time，immediately，instantly，directly等。He paid back the money he owed us immediately he returned home.他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。Every time I see the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading papers.每次在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地看报。夯实基础同义句改写I fell in love with you the moment I saw you.(1)I fell in love with you as soon as I saw you.(用as soon as改写句子)(2)I fell in love with you immediately/directly/instantly I saw you.(用以­ly结尾的连词改写句子).单项填空1Obviously，he objects like a child in public.Abeing treated BtreatingCto be treated Dto being treated答案D解析object to反对，to为介词。treat与he之间为被动关系，故用被动形式。2I support your decision，but I should also make it clear that I am not going to be bound .Acarrying it out Bcarrying out itCto carry it out Dto carry out it答案C解析be bound to do一定会，carry out的宾语为代词时，必须放在中间。3 in her life Jennie realized that so many people were loving her in the world.AThe first time BFor the first timeCThe moment DFor the moment答案B解析空格后不是一从句，故不需要连词，A、C两项错误；for the moment意为“暂时的”，不合题意。4 you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others.AAt times BSome timeCEvery time DThe time答案C解析分析句子结构可知，空后为一从句，需要一连词，只有C项符合要求。5The travelling plan， most of us objected，was in no way practicable.Awhich Bto whichCwith which Djust as答案B解析这个句子中含有一个非限制性定语从句；object to sth.为固定短语，故选B项。6We had so many disagreements，but we compromised the last point.Aat Bof Con Dfor答案C解析compromise on就妥协。7The deal is the compromise your needs and their demands.Aon BbetweenCat Dwith 答案B解析compromise between.and.在和之间妥协。.汉译英我非常反对收停车费。(object to)I really object to being charged for parking.单项填空1He is one of the greatest political leaders in the world today.Which of the following is WRONG?Aconsidered Bconsidered asCconsidered to be Dthought as答案D解析A项为consider sb.n.的被动结构；B项为consider sb.as.的被动结构；C项为consider sb.to be.的被动结构；D项应为thought of as (think of.as的被动形式)。所以答案选D项。2 conclusion，Id like to say thanks to all of you present. AIn BWithCFor DTo答案A解析in conclusion总之。句意为：总之，我要感谢所有在场的人。3Thousands of Haitians cheered as the Chinese medical team arrived，many of even cried with joy.Athose BthemCwhom Dwho答案C解析whom引导定语从句指代先行词thousands of Haitians。4Is it the bad habit that is difficult?Of course.Aget rid of Bgot rid ofCto get rid of Dbeing got rid of答案C解析本句是强调句型，被强调部分是“to get rid of the bad habit”。假如把问句还原成“It is difficult to get rid of the bad habit.”就会一目了然。5You must write down all the information the problem.Ais related to Brelate toCrelated to Drelated答案C解析此处所填内容应作information的定语， related to作定语，相当于定语从句that is related to.。6The careless driver is for the traffic accident that yesterday.Ato blame；happenedBto blame；was happenedCto be blamed；was happenedDto be blamed；happened答案A解析be to blame应受责备，主动形式表示被动意义；happen是不及物动词，无被动语态。7It just isnt fair； I was working as a waiter last month，while my friends were lying on the beach.Awhenever BthoughCfor Dwhile答案D解析句意为：这真不公平。上个月当我在做服务员的时候，我的朋友们正躺在沙滩上。表示“与此同时”用while，引导时间状语从句。8Ms.Claire is a strict but kind teacher， I respect and appreciate most.Athat BwhatCone Dwhich答案C解析one作a strict but kind teacher的同位语，I respect and appreciate most作one的定语，其前省略了关系词。9 I met him，he was working as a secretary in a big company.AFor the first timeBThe first timeCThe first time whenDWhen the first time答案B解析句意为：我第一次遇见他的时候，他在一家大公司当秘书。the first time是一个名词性短语作连词，引导时间状语从句。10News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.Awhich BwhatCthat Dwhere答案C解析news后面跟同位语从句，从句中不缺少任何成分，故用that引导。句意为：从学校办公室传来消息说王林被北京大学录取了。.阅读理解Its 1030 pm.，and 11­year­old Brandon Blanco is sound asleep at home.Suddenly，a loud noise wakes him up.Naturally，Brandon reaches for his cell phone.He blinks twice，and the message on the screen becomes clear：“R U awake？”But the late­night text does not annoy Brandon.He gets frequent messages and calls，even after bedtime.And he cant imagine life without them.“If I didnt have a cell phone，I wouldnt be able to talk to my friends or family as often，” says Brandon.Brandons use of technology doesnt stop there.He also has a computer，a TV and three video­game consoles (控制台) in his room.With so many choices，it is no surprise that when he is not at school，he spends nearly every waking minute using one or more of these devices.Brandon is hardly alone.According to a recent study by the Kaiser Family Foundation，kids aged 8 to 18 are spending more time than ever before using electronic devices.How much time？More than seven and a half hours a day on average，the study found.Thats about an hour more than just five years ago.The jump is the result of a huge explosion in mobile devices，says Victoria Rideout，the lead author of the study.Today，nearly seven out of ten kids have cell phones.Just five years ago，it was four out of ten.“These devices have opened up many more opportunities for young people to use media，whether its on the bus，on the way to school or waiting in line at the pizza parlor，” says Rideout.Often，kids multitask，or use more than one device at a time.“If youve got a chance to do something on your computer and take a phone call and have the TV on in the background，why not？”Media expert Cheryl Olson says.Most experts agree technology has much to offer kids.But some worry the kids could be missing out on other activities like playing outside or hanging out with friends.“Its a matter of balance，” says Olson.“Youve got to work on it.”Multitasking while doing homework is another concern.Some kids listen to music，watch TV or use the phone while doing their homework.“Its important to make sure that you can stop and concentrate on one thing deeply，” says Rideout.With new and exciting devices hitting stores every year，keeping technology use in check is more important than ever.“Kids should try，” adds Rideout.“But parents might have to step in sometimes.”1The text is mainly about kids Acell phone use Bvarious hobbiesCfavorite video games Dusing electronic devices答案D解析主旨大意题。文章通过Brandon Blanco的例子引入对“青少年使用电子设备”情况的研究，介绍了研究的结果、有关专家对青少年使用电子设备过多这一情况的分析。由此判断全文主旨是青少年使用电子设备。2It can be learnt from the text that .ABrandon feels annoyed about his late­night messageBOlson is against teenagers using mobile phonesCmany teenagers lack friends in their middle schoolDkids have too many electronic devices to choose from答案D解析细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Brandons use of technology doesnt stop there.He also has a computer，a TV and three video­game consoles(控制台) in his room.”可知，现在青少年可选择使用的电子设备太多了。3Which of the following is an example of multitasking?AWatching TV while using the computer.BTalking on the phone while lying on the sofa.CPlaying video games after having lunch.DListening to loud music while relaxing.答案A解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句“Some kids listen to music，watch TV or use the phone while doing their homework.”可推出multitask的含义，再由其含义可推断选A项。4The underlined phrase “in check” in the last paragraph can be replaced by “ ”Ain order Bin storeCin sight Din control答案D解析词义猜测题。根据文章最后“But parents might have to step in sometimes.”以及全文提到的对青少年使用电子设备的担心可判断作者认为应该对青少年使用电子设备的情况加以控制，故选D项。5According to the text，Victoria Rideout would probably agree that kids should .Ado homework while watching TVBdo homework in a place without disturbanceCspend more time on homeworkDhave less homework答案B解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Victoria Rideout所说的话“Its important to make sure that you can stop and concentrate on one thing deeply.”可判断选B项。.阅读填空Test anxiety is a type of performance anxietya feeling someone might have in a situation where performance really counts.Thus it is necessary to control test anxiety.Test anxiety is a reaction to the expectation of something stressful.It affects the body and the mind.When you are under stress，your body releases the hormone，adrenaline(肾上腺素)，which prepares it for danger.That is what causes the physical symptoms，such as sweating，a rapidly beating heart and rapid breathing.These feelings can be mild or intense.Focusing on the bad things that could happen also increases test anxiety.For example，someone worrying about doing poorly might have thoughts like，“What if I forget everything I know？” or “What if the test is too hard？” Too many thoughts like these leave no mental space for thinking about the test questions.Test anxiety can be a real problem if you are so stressed over a test.Feeling ready to meet the challenge，however，can keep test anxiety at a manageable level.Use a little stress to your advantage.Stress is a signal that helps you prepare for something important that is going to happen.So use it to your advantage.Instead of reacting to the stress by complaining or being worried about the test with friends，take an active approach.Let stress remind you to study well in advance of a test.Chances are，youll keep your