《甲酰胺核苷酸》PPT课件.ppt
核 苷 酸 代 谢,Metabolism of Nucleotides,Digestion and absorption of nucleic acid,overview,Functions of nucleotides,Material of synthesis of nucleic acidEnergy storage typeRegulation of metabolismCompose of coenzymeActivated intermediate metabolites,第一节 嘌呤核苷酸的代谢,Metabolism of Purine Nucleotides,Structure of purine nucleotides,GMP,AMP,synthesis of purine nucleotides,从头合成途径(de novo synthesis pathway)补救合成途径(salvage synthesis pathway),Ribose phosphate、amimo acid、one carbon unit and co2 as material and a serial of enzymes to synthesis the purine nucleotides。,Major:liver Secondly:Small intestine thymus,de novo synthesis pathway of purine nucleotides,definition,Location of synthesis,Elements source of purine base,CO2,天冬氨酸,甲酰基（一碳单位）,甘氨酸,甲酰基（一碳单位）,谷氨酰胺（酰胺基）,process,1.Synthesis of IMP,2.Synthesis of AMP and GMP,R-5-P（5-磷酸核糖）,PP-1-R-5-P（磷酸核糖焦磷酸）,H2N-1-R-5-P（5-磷酸核糖胺）,1.Synthesis of IMP,磷酸核糖酰胺转移酶 GAR合成酶 转甲酰基酶 FGAM合成酶 AIR合成酶,The process of IMP produce,腺苷酸代琥珀酸合成酶 IMP脱氢酶腺苷酸代琥珀酸裂解酶 GMP合成酶,2、synthesis of AMP and GMP,嘌呤核苷酸是在磷酸核糖分子上逐步合成的。IMP的合成需5个ATP，6个高能磷酸键。AMP或GMP的合成又需1个ATP。,Features of de novo synthesis pathway of purine nucleotides,The regulation,PRPP,PRA,GTP,调节方式：反馈调节和交叉调节,利用体内游离的嘌呤或嘌呤核苷，经过简单的反应，合成嘌呤核苷酸的过程，称为补救合成（或重新利用）途径。,salvage synthesis pathway of purine nucleotides,definition,腺嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶(adenine phosphoribosyl transferase,APRT)次黄嘌呤-鸟嘌呤磷酸核糖转移酶(hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase,HGPRT)腺苷激酶(adenosine kinase),参与补救合成的酶,process,补救合成的生理意义,补救合成节省从头合成时的能量和一些氨基酸的消耗。体内某些组织器官，如脑、骨髓等只能进行补救合成。,conversion of purine nucleotides,synthesis of deoxyribonucleotides,二磷酸脱氧核苷,NDP,dNDP,二磷酸核糖核苷,NADP+,NADPH+H+,核糖核苷酸还原酶，Mg2+,还原型硫氧化还原蛋白-(SH)2,氧化型硫氧化还原蛋白,硫氧化还原蛋白还原酶（FAD）,The process,Antimetabolite of purine nucleotides,嘌呤核苷酸的抗代谢物是一些嘌呤、氨基酸或叶酸等的类似物。,次黄嘌呤(H),6-巯基嘌呤(6-MP),The strucure of 6-purinethol,目 录,degadation of purine nucleotides,核苷酸,核苷,核苷酸酶,Pi,核苷磷酸化酶,碱基,1-磷酸核糖,嘌呤碱的最终代谢产物,AMP,GMP,H（次黄嘌呤）,G,X（黄嘌呤）,黄嘌呤氧化酶,黄嘌呤氧化酶,痛风症的治疗机制,鸟嘌呤,次黄嘌呤,黄嘌呤,尿酸,黄嘌呤氧化酶,黄嘌呤氧化酶,别嘌呤醇,第二节嘧啶核苷酸的代谢,Metabolism of Pyrimidine Nucleotides,The structure of pyrimidine nucleotides,synthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides,从头合成途径(de novo synthesis pathway)补救合成途径(salvage synthesis pathway),Ribose phosphate、amimo acid、one carbon unit and co2 as material and a serial of enzymes to synthesis the purine nucleotides。,Major:liver,de novo synthesis pathway of pyrimidine nucleotides,definition,Location of synthesis,Elements source of pyrimidine nucleotides,The process,1.Synthesis of UMP,2.The synthesis of CMP,UDP,UTP,3.Synthesis of dTMP and TMP,dUMP,脱氧胸苷一磷酸dTMP,The regulation,ATP+CO2+谷氨酰胺,氨基甲酰磷酸,UMP,氨基甲酸天冬氨酸,UTP,CTP,天冬氨酸,嘌呤核苷酸,ATP+5-磷酸核糖,嘧啶核苷酸,PRPP,salvage synthesis pathway of pyrimidine nucleotides,Antimetabolite of pyrimidine nucleotides,嘧啶类似物,胸腺嘧啶(T),5-氟尿嘧啶(5-FU),某些改变了核糖结构的核苷类似物,degradation metabolism of pyrimidine nucleotides,胞嘧啶,NH3,尿嘧啶,二氢尿嘧啶,H2O,CO2+NH3,-丙氨酸,胸腺嘧啶,-脲基异丁酸,-氨基异丁酸,H2O,丙二酸单酰CoA,乙酰CoA,TAC,肝,尿素,甲基丙二酸单酰CoA,琥珀酰CoA,TAC,糖异生,
