北京恭王府英文导游词.doc

北京恭王府英文导游词 北京恭王府英文导游词1Prince Gongs residence is located in Qianhai West Street, Xicheng District, Beijing. It is the largest palace in Qing Dynasty. It was successively used as the residence of the corrupt official and Prince Qing. Later, it was given to Prince Gong Yixin, hence the name of Prince Gongs residence, which is still in use today. Prince Gongs residence has gone through the historical process of the Qing Dynasty from its heyday to its decline, so there is a saying that "a Prince Gongs residence, half of the history of the Qing Dynasty".This is the description of Prince Gongs residence in historical books. In terms of its location, it occupies an excellent position in the capital. The ancients paid great attention to Fengshui in building houses and gardens. It is said that there are two dragon veins in Beijing. One is the Earth Dragon, which is the dragon vein of the Forbidden City; the other is the water dragon, which refers to the line between Houhai and Beihai. Prince Gongs residence is just on the connecting line between Houhai and Beihai, which is the dragon vein. Therefore, Fengshui is very good. The ancients took water as their wealth. They found water everywhere in Prince Gongs mansion. The water of the largest pavilion in the center of the lake was introduced from Yuquan lake, and it only entered but did not flow out. Therefore, it is more in line with the theory of geomantic omen. Chinas top ten marshals and Guo Moruo and others all lived near Prince Gongs residence and lived a long life. It is said that the place with the largest number of long-lived people in Beijing is near Prince Gongs residence. This place is really a treasure land of geomantic omen.Prince Gongs mansion is composed of two parts: Mansion and garden. It is about 330 meters long from north to South and 180 meters wide from east to west. It covers an area of 61120 square meters, including 32260 square meters of mansion and 28860 square meters of garden. The mansion is not only spacious, but also the highest standard of architecture. The obvious signs are the front door and the number of houses. There are five front rooms, seven main rooms, five back rooms, seven back rooms, and a side room on the left and right. There must be no more royal mansions than these. The form of the house and the color of the tiles should not exceed the standard. There are three courtyards in the middle, East and West roads of Prince Gongs mansion, and the back two courtyards of each road are the main areas for people to visit.The mansion building is divided into East, middle and West roads, each of which is composed of multiple courtyard buildings running through the strict central axis from south to north.The main buildings on the middle road are yinan hall and Jiale hall. The roof of the hall is green glazed tiles, which shows the majesty of the middle road and the identity of the prince. The front courtyard of East Road is called duofuxuan. In front of the hall, there is a vine that has been growing for more than 200 years. It is still growing very well. It is extremely rare in the capital. The main room of the backyard on East Road is called "ledotang", which was the living place of Prince Gong Yi Xin. The siheyuan on the west road is relatively small and exquisite. The main buildings are Baoguang room and xijinzhai. The most exquisite work is xijinzhai, which belongs to the high-profile school. There are exquisitely carved sections of Nanmu in the hall, which is in the style of ningshou palace in the Forbidden City (this is one of the "twenty crimes" of Hezhens being condemned to death). In the deepest part of the mansion, there is a two-story back cover building, 156 meters long from east to west. There are 88 windows on the back wall. There are 108 rooms in the building, commonly known as "99 rooms and a half", which means "when you get there, you will get rich".Its called "Langrun garden" or "cuijin garden". Its commonly known as Gongwangfu garden. Wandering in the garden is like walking in the mountains and rivers. Echoing the residence, the garden is also divided into East, West and East. The entrance of the middle road is a white marble arched stone gate with western architectural style, centered on the stele of "Fu" written by Emperor Kangxi, with dulefeng and bat pool in front and green sky Xiaoyin and bat hall in the back. The layout is memorable. The Grand Theater Hall on the east road is decorated with fresh and beautiful decoration. The purple flowers of twigs and vines are in full bloom, making people feel like watching the Opera under the vines. At the south end of the theater, the Ming daozhai, the winding path leading to seclusion, the hanging green Yue, the singing fragrance and the drunken moon, and the Liubei Pavilion constitute the garden in the garden. In the garden, there are towering ancient trees, lots of strange rocks, water around the mountains, pavilions, pavilions and corridors. The landscape of the garden under the moonlight is ever-changing, with a unique cave. Many Chinese and foreign tourists come here, looking for the past of green mountains, clear waters and winding paths.Prince Gongs residence, located in Qianhai West Street, was built in 1776 mdash; 1785. It was originally the private residence of He Li, a favorite Minister of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty. After he Li was killed in Jiaqing for corruption, the private residence here was given to King Qing. During the reign of Tongzhi, because Prince Gong Yixin cooperated with Cixi to launch a coup, Empress Dowager Cixi gave the house to him and became Prince Gongs residence.The hall of silver Luan is the main building of Prince Gongs residence. As the main hall of the palace, it can only be opened when there are important events and festivals, which plays a role of etiquette. In the early years of the Republic of China, due to an accidental fire, the main hall was burned together with the East and west side halls. Now the courtyard of yinan hall is rebuilt.The architecture in the period of Hetao. There is a plaque on the side of Jiale hall. It is suspected that the plaque was given to Hezhen by Emperor Qianlong, but there is no money and seal on the plaque, so there is no reason to confirm it. However, Hezhen has jialetang poetry anthology, which indicates that it is the room name of Hezhen. In the period of Prince Gong, Jiale hall was mainly used as the sacrificial place of the Royal Palace, where the tablets of ancestors and gods were offered, and Shamanism was the main ritual. Prince Gongs mansion covers an area of about 60000 square meters. It is divided into two parts: the mansion and the garden. It has more than 30 buildings of various types, with exquisite layout and extraordinary style. Its garden, also known as jincui garden, has a high artistic level in layout and design. The garden imitates the palace of peaceful longevity in the imperial palace. The park is surrounded by rockeries in the shape of "mountain". In the East, South and West, there are mounds of earth and stone. In the middle of the road, there are caves and gullies made of Fangshan stone. The top platform becomes the highest point of the whole garden. From a high position, you can see the whole garden. Prince Gongs mansion was rebuilt on the basis of the officials residence. Among the 20 major crimes he convicted in that year, there was the problem of "potential waste and overstepping the system" about the decoration of the eaves. For example, the 13th section of the article "found that the house of he had a nanmu hall, and its multi box structure and partition doors and windows imitated the system of ningshou Palace". Therefore, the decoration of the eaves of Prince Gongs residence is unique in the culture of Prince Gongs residence1、 It has the highest specifications and can be compared with the palace buildingsThe decoration of the eaves of the main halls of Prince Gongs mansion is not only duobaoge and partition, but also xianlou and the sacrificial stove with Pilu hat in the temple. And has the indoor rockery pool, the decoration becomes the indoor small garden, is ingenious.2、 There are many formsFrom the leitu, we can see that there were more than 20 buildings decorated with inner eaves in those years, and there were many types, such as taishibi, throne bed, blue gauze cabinet, sacrificial stove, Wanzi Kang, several legs cover, floor cover, Kang cover, true and false door, xianlou, shuge, duobaoge, shunshan Kang, front and back eaves Kang, etc.3、 Flexible demarcation and rich space:The main halls of Prince Gongs mansion are composed of solemn and solemn open space, private space, symmetrical space, asymmetric space and flexible space. Some are suitable to receive senior guests, some are used for Shamanism sacrificial activities, some are suitable for daily life, and some are used as sleep, so different space needs are appropriate.4、 Exquisite workmanship and superb skills:It can be seen from the decoration remains of Prince Gongs mansion that hardwood is used. The processed wood can be made into small sections, and the carving patterns are undulating accurately. Moreover, various kinds of wagons can be made by using circles or curves. Only on the basis of fine processing can it be completed. The construction difficulty is amazing. Unfortunately, most of the original eaves decoration of Prince Gongs mansion has disappeared. Today, through the study of the culture of Prince Gongs mansion, we should further excavate it, combine with the future exhibition requirements of the Museum of Prince Gongs mansion, and reproduce the glory of that year.In 1776, the 41st year of Emperor Qianlongs reign, He Lin began to build his luxurious house, which was called "he di". It is said that during the reign of emperor Hongzhi of the Ming Dynasty, Li Guang, the great eunuch, was once placed here. On the third day of the first month of the fourth year of Jiaqing, Emperor Hongli returned to heaven. On the next day, Jiaqing stripped the Minister of military aircraft and the governor of Jiumen from his home. It is estimated that his total wealth is about 800 million taels of silver, which is equivalent to the fiscal revenue of the Qing government for 15 years. Therefore, there is a saying that "when he falls, Jiaqing is satisfied.". On February 22, 1799, on the 18th of the first month of the same year, he was ordered to commit suicide;. The house itself, however, is owned by Prince Qingyu, his younger brother.At the same time, Qianlongs daughter and Princess Xiao, who were married to the son of Hetao, still lived in half the house. In 1851, the first year of Xianfeng, Prince Gong Yi, an important political figure in the late Qing Dynasty, became the third generation owner of the house and changed its name to Prince Gongs house, which is still in use today. "A Prince Gongs mansion, half of the history of Qing Dynasty" is the evaluation of Prince Gongs Mansion by Hou Renzhi, a historical geographer. In the early years of the Republic of China, the palace was sold to the church by Prince Gongs grandson Pu Wei for 400000 yuan. Later, it was redeemed by Furen university with 108 gold bars and used as a school for girls. After the founding of new China, Wangfu has been used by dormitories of the Ministry of public security, fan factories, conservatory of music and other units.Prince Gongs mansion is the most complete preserved building complex in China, which is divided into two parts: the mansion and the garden, with the mansion in the front and the garden in the back. The opening of Prince Gongs residence was put on the agenda as early as 30 years ago. In 1975, Premier Zhou entrusted Gu Mu with three unfinished tasks in his hospital bed, one of which was the opening of Prince Gongs residence.Prince Gongs residence was built in the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. It was the private residence of Heshi, a bachelor.In the early years of Tongzhi, Yixin, the third generation of the host here, was the king of politics and the leader of the military plane. He was very powerful and distinguished for a time. He built the mansion and renovated the part of the mansion. It was at that time that the architectural scale and pattern of Prince Gongs mansion was finally formed.The first half of Prince Gongs mansion is a magnificent mansion, and the second half is a deep and beautiful classical garden, covering an area of nearly 60000 square meters. The mansion is dignified and solemn, simple and elegant, with bright corridors and ridges. It is second only to the imperial palace. The cuijin garden at the back of the mansion is surrounded by water and mountains, with towering ancient trees, winding corridors, pavilions and pavilions.According to the existing literature, in this Fengshui treasure land on the West Bank of Qianhai in the capital, surrounded by "panlongshui", there was a large-scale temple in the yuan and Ming Dynasties, which was full of incense and full of visitors. Even the emperor came here to worship the Buddha. It was only in the middle of the 16th century that the temple was gradually abandoned and reduced to a supply factory of the Ming Dynasty. After the Qing Dynasty came to Beijing, a number of courtyards of different sizes were built here for ordinary banners such as the house of internal affairs.Around the 40th year of Emperor Qianlongs reign, He Lin, who was red and purple in front of the emperor, fell in love with this Fengshui treasure land, which is surrounded by water, connected to the western mountains, and not far from the emperors home. He bought many properties here at a high price and built them into famous "and" Di ".Prince Gongs residence is known as "half of the history of Qing Dynasty", which is closely related to the three generations of owners living here. As we all know, the first generation of government leader he Lu was a Zaifu and a bachelor in the late Qianlong period. He was also a famous corrupt official in history. He attracted peoples attention in the history of the Qing Dynasty, and there were so many legends about him. In particular, his son, Fengshen Yin De, later married the youngest daughter of Emperor Qianlong, Gu Lun, and Princess Xiao, which made the mansion a real princess house for a while;In the fourth year of Jiaqing, he Zhen died for his crime, so the emperor of Jiaqing gave the house to his younger brother Yongzhen, the king of Qingjun. Yongli is probably the most beloved of all the owners of this mansion. As early as when he Lin was in power, all the princes of Qianlong agreed that no matter who became emperor in the future, he would be killed. But the 17th Prince Yonglin said: "no matter which elder brother becomes emperor in the future, I will be satisfied if he Lins mansion is awarded to me!"When it comes to Yongyao, many peop