初中现在完成时 (2).ppt

,Grammar,What do you like doing?When did you start it?Do you it now?,Do you like swimming?When did you start?Do you swim now?How long have you swum?,结构 肯定式:主语+have/has+过去分词(规则变化+ed)(见不规则动词表)否定式:主语+havent/hasnt+过去分词 疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+?,havereceivegetseeliveteachlearnlose,had,hadreceived,receivedgot,gottensaw,seenlived,livedtaught,taughtlearnt,learntlost,lost,givegetmakebuyhavesayknowgobe,gave,givengot,got/gottenmade,madebought,boughthad,hadsaid,saidknew,knownwent,gonewas/were,been,I have been to China three times.一般疑问句,2.We have studied English since we were children.否定句,3.Mr Smith has visited many cities since he came to China.划线提问,Have you been to China three times?,We havent studied English since we were children.,How long has Mr Smith visited many cities?,用法,(1)现在完成时表示过去发生的动作，并对现在有影响。常与already,yet,just,recently,ever,never,before,in the pastyears等表示不确定时间的时间状语连用。I have returned the book already.Have you heard from your father recently?He hasnt come back yet.,(2)现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。此时，句中谓语动词通常是延续性动词，且常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：these days,all this year,recently,for+时间段以及since+时间点等等。Zhang Lan _ already_ in the school for two years.(study)Mr Green _ _ in China since ten years ago.(work),has,studied,has worked,现在完成时和一般过去时,1.现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响和结果,强调现在的情况.不能和过去的时间状语连用.yesterday,last night,in1999,2.一般过去时只表示过去的动作和状态,和现在不发生关系,它和过去的时间状语连用.,I have seen the film.我看过这部电影.(我了解这部电影的内容),I saw the film last week.我上星期看了这部电影.(只说明上星期看了这部电影,不),I _(get)the globe on my fifth birthday.My mother _(play)the piano already.She _(play)it last night.I _(have)just supper.I _(have)it just now.They _(see)the film recently.They _(say)they liked it very much.He _(look)for his dog for two days.,got,has played,played,have had,had,have seen,said,has looked,注意要点,现在完成时不能和表“过去”的时间副词或短语连用.如:yesterday,last year,in 1990不能与它连用.,I have bought the book yesterday.(),(2)现在完成时动词如是短暂性动词,不能带for或since短语或从句作状语.(肯定句)I have bought the book for two years.,(),如在现在完成时中,短暂性动词与一段时间连用,应把短暂性动词改为持续性动词.,I have had the bike for two years.,=I have had the bike since two years ago.,=It is two years since I bought the book.,=I bought the bike two years ago.,短暂性动词,持续性动词,get,arrive,reach,be in/at/here/there,joinbuyclosebecomelosebegin/start,be in/be a member ofhavebe closedbebe lostbe on,receiveleave/gocomebegin to studyget uphave gotcatch a coldmake friends,havebe awaylive/work/stay/teachstudybe uphavehave a coldbe friends,短暂性动词,持续性动词,短暂性动词,持续性动词,borrow/lendfall asleep/illget to knowdieget marriedbuyfinish,keep,havebe asleep/illknowbe deadbe marriedhavebe over,They have bought the book since two days ago.,(),They have had the book since two days ago.,2.Toms father has died for two years.,(),Toms father has been dead for two years.,3.I have left school for two years.,(),I have been away from school for two years.,1.He has borrowed the pen for two days.,(),He has had the pen for two days.,=He has had the pen since two days ago.,=He borrowed the pen two years ago.,=It is two years since he borrowed the pen.,(),(3)短暂性动词可用在不带一段时间状语的现在完成时中,I have lost my library book.The film has begun.,(3)表在过去某时发生的动作,但现已成为一种经验,汉语中常用“曾经”,“从来没有”,“过”等词.常与ever,never,once,twice,three times,before等连用.,I have never seen him before.,He has once taught here.,(4)在否定句中,短暂性动词可与since或for一段时间状语连用.,I havent seen you for a long time.,（4）have been(to)和have gone(to)的区别：“have been(to)”指“到过某地”，说话时此人很可能不在那里，已经回来、侧重指经历。“have gone(to)”指“已经去了某地”，说话时此人在那里，或可能在路上，反正不在这里。“have been in”,呆在某地,1.I have been to Shanghai twice.,2.My father has gone to Shanghai.,3.He has been in Shanghai for two years.,I _ to the Great Wall three times.go B.have gone C.went D.have been2.He has worked at the factory_ he came to the city.since B.before C.when D.as soon as3.The Whites_ many places since they came to China.have visited B.will visit C.visited D.visit4.My teapot is empty.Who _ all my tea?A.drinks B.had drunk C.has drunk D.drink,D,A,A,C,5.-_your brother _ a new watch?-Not yet.A.Have,bought B.Does buy C.Has,bought D.will buy6.How long have you _ the radio?A.bought B.found C.had D.borrowed,C,C,It is about ten years since he left the town.,1.He has _ _ from the town _ about ten years.,2.He has been _ from the town _ about ten years _.,3.He _ the town about ten years _.,been away,for,away,since,ago,left,ago,Thank you,