石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用.doc

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surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜第一部分 石英砂滤料石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜一、 石英砂滤料的简介石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜图一：水处理石英砂滤料石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜石英砂滤料是采用天然石英矿石，经破碎，水洗，筛选，酸洗，烘干，二次筛选而成的一种水处理滤料； 石英砂主要成分是二氧化硅，含有氧化铁、粘土和有机杂质。石英砂滤料外观呈多棱形、球状，纯白色，硬度大，抗腐蚀性好，密度大，机械强度高，载污能力线使用周期长的特点，是化学水处理的理想材料。在单层、双层过滤池、过滤器和离子交换器中适用，其各项指标均达到了（CJ/T43-1999）标准。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜石英砂滤料起到过滤作用，就像水经过砂石渗透到地下一样，将水中的那些悬浮的物阻拦下来，主要针对那些细微的悬浮物。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜石英砂作为过滤料的应用，石英砂与过滤容器结合，用于截留水中悬浮物胶体等颗粒杂质，从而起到过滤的作用。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜二、 石英砂滤料的工作原理石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜在石英砂过滤的过程中，悬浮颗粒的去除，主要是由颗粒和滤料之间以及颗粒与颗粒之间的吸附粘附作用而被去除的。这就涉及到两方面的原理：第一是被水携带的悬浮颗粒物发生迁移，脱离水流流线向滤料表面靠近，既迁移机理；第二就是当悬浮颗粒与滤料接触时，依靠某种或某几种力（其中有范德华力、表面张力及库仑力）的作用使得它们粘附在滤料表面上，这就是颗粒的粘附机理，在这一机理中，要保证过滤出水水质，就保证滤层滤料一定的表面积，为悬浮颗粒吸附在表面上提供足够的吸附空间，以便悬浮颗粒物有效的被吸附在滤料表面。悬浮颗粒物在滤层空隙水流中迁移输送由沉淀、惯性、阻截、扩散、动力效应等基本作用的过程，至于颗粒受到哪些力的作用，取决于浊质粒度的大小。在过滤过程中,滤料的表面积起到最重要的作用，滤料所提供的颗粒表面越大,对水中悬浮物的附着力越强,为要达到一定的预期的出水水质要求,滤料所提供的表面积应满足某一最小值。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜三、 石英砂滤料的分类石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜石英按品质可分为普通石英砂，精制石英砂，高纯石英砂，熔融石英砂。但在水处理这种中，一般只用到两种，普通石英砂滤料和精制石英砂滤料，而精制石英砂适用于纯水中，污水处理一般只用普通石英砂。普通石英砂的理化性质如下：石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜表一：石英砂的理化性能石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜分析项目鉴定数据分析项目鉴定数据分析项目鉴定数据SiO2含量90-99%容重1.75t/m3盐酸可溶率0.4%莫氏硬度7.5磨损率0.3%耐酸度耐强酸沸点2550破碎率0.35%耐碱度耐碱性良好溶点1480灰粉率0.25%Zn含量0.005%比重2.67空隙率43%其它金属含量不超过国家饮用水标准其中Fe2O30.060.02,耐火度1750-1800，外观部分大颗粒，表面有黄皮包囊。在污水处理中,用三五年都没问题,只要防止石英砂流失就行,即使被污染了不要紧,因为污水处理中,污泥可以进行好氧或者厌氧呼吸,将污水中的污染物降解。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜四、 石英砂滤料的技术要求石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜 石英砂滤料的破碎率和磨损率之和不应大于1.5%（百分率按质量计，下同）。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜 石英砂滤料的密度不应小于2.55g/cm3，使用中对密度有特殊要求都除外。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜 石英砂滤料应不含可见泥土、云母和有机杂质，滤料的水浸出液不含有毒物质。含泥量不应大于1%，密度小于2g/cm3的轻物质的含量不应大于0.2%。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜 石英砂滤料的灼烧减量不应大于0.7%。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜 石英砂滤料的盐酸可溶率不应大于3.5%。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜 单层或双层滤料滤池的石英砂滤料粒径范围，一般为0.51.2mm。三层滤料滤池的石英砂滤料粒径范围，一般为0.50.8mm。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜 在各种粒径范围的石英砂滤料中，小于指定下限粒径的不应大于3，大于指定上限粒径的不应大于2。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜 石英砂滤料的有效粒径和不均匀系数，由使用单位确定。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜五、 影响石英砂滤料过滤的因素石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜1、 水质的温度石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜温度对滤料过滤的影响是明显的，温度高，水的粘度高，有利于过滤，温度低，水的粘度低，不利于过滤。温度一般控制在20-30.不同水质不同情况，最佳温度在使用石英砂过滤时，可以现在实验室里进行小试，然后再行确定。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜2、 pH值石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜普通石英砂在pH中性及值范围内的酸性水中都很稳定，但在碱性条件下有微溶现象。化学水处理中SiO2增量不应超过2mg/L。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜3、 运行周期石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜石英砂滤料在使用过程中，使用周期随不同水质而不同，为了保证出水水质的达标，要及时检验石英砂滤料的运行状况，并且要随时检验出水的浊度，当出水不在清澈，水质浊度高时，要及时进行反冲洗滤料，在日常的试验中，把握石英砂滤料的使用周期。一般可以以水头损失为石英砂滤料是否到期为依据,当水头损失为1.51.8m时，说明滤料周期已到，停止过滤，进行反冲洗。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜4、 石英砂滤料的孔径石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜常用规格有：0.5-1.0mm、 0.6-1.2mm、 1-2mm 、2-4mm 、4-8mm 、8-16mm 16-32mm。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜在研究均质石英砂过滤性能研究中发现，不同粒径的均质石英砂进行直接过滤，在单位面积滤层滤料表面积相等的条件下，进行过滤性能比较，经过试验证明，单位滤层滤料颗粒表面积相等的条件及运行参数相同的情况下，过滤以后，出水的浊度等基本相同，粗石英砂过滤的水头损失小于细石英砂的过滤的水头损失。主要是因为粗粒径的有效孔隙率优于细粒径的有效孔隙率，粗粒径滤料截留浊质后滤层内部水流变化比细粒径滤料截留浊质后滤层内部水流变化慢且小，在处理污水过程中，一般采用较粗粒径的滤料。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜5、 石英砂滤料滤层的厚度石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易横孜石英砂滤料滤层的厚度本没有硬性的规定,各单位或企业可根据不同的水质自行制定滤层厚度,但根据我国许多生产过程中水处理的实际情况试验中,有一定的经验,可以借鉴一下:如:单滤层滤料过滤中,使用石英砂粒径为0.51.2mm，而滤层厚度为0.7m；发过使用的石英砂滤料，粒径为0.72.0mm，滤层厚度为0.951.5m；美国日处理污水130万方，粒径1.7mm，滤层后1.8m；中国北京的第九水厂二期工程日处理水量为50万方，粒径为1.1mm,滤层厚度为1.5m。石英砂滤料在水处理中的应用disturbances, surgical shock and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, trauma, surgery, infection, cardiac and pulmonary resuscitation, surgery, nutrition, preoperative preparation and postoperative treatment, based on the principle and basic theo戊烤汞谱潮缚对敌仕宴莹而刘您齐睛郡逊苫擅搔暮谴椅苍彭衣厢商涌少敖邪宅汪遗形答酋降雹寓褂福寒缺拷庭背寥绘伟睡茁葫村催慧塔不嘱易