被动语态讲解及习题 (2).ppt

被 动 语 态（初三）,主动语态和被动语态,英语动词有两种语态：即主动语态和被动语态。,例如:,We clean the room.(主动语态)The room is cleaned by us.(被动语态),被动语态常用于以下两种情况：1不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者；Eg:this cloth is made of cotton.2强调动作的承受者。Eg:her bike is stolen.,被动语态的构成,被动语态由“be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。be有人称、数和时态的变化。被动语态句型的基本结构:主语（承受者）+be+v.pp+by 执行者,主、被动语态的转换主动语态：主语及物动词宾语（其他）被动语态：主语be及物动词过去分词by宾语（其他）,His brother washes bowls every day.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,改为被动语态,时态 被动语态,一般现在时 am/is/are+v.pp一般过去时 was/were+v.pp一般将来时 will/be going to+be+v.pp现在进行时 am/is/are+being+v.pp过去进行时 was/were+being+v.pp现在完成时 has/have+been+v.pp有情态动词 can may must+be+v.pp,一般现在时的被动语态的句式变化：肯定句：主语am/is/are 及物动词的过去分词 Eg:Cars are made by them.否定句：主语am/is/are not 及物动词的过去分词 Eg:Cars are not made by them.疑问句：Am/Is/Are 主语及物动词的过去分词.Eg:Are cars made by them.,没有被动语态的词：（1）不及物动词没有被动语态Happen（发生）,take place（发生）,rise(上升）grow(生长），、（2）一部分表示状态的及物动词Have,fit(适合），cost(值钱），weight(重）、（3）一般系动词没有宾语Feel(感觉），turn（变成），taste（尝起来），sound（听起来），smell（闻起来），get（变得）、,（一）及物动词后跟双宾语的句子，被动语态有两种，（1）物做主语,人前加to，（2）动词是buy，人前加 for give sb.sth.offer sb.sth.show sb.sth.、（二）不带to的不定式，被动语态要加to。常见的有：make、have、let、see、hear、watch。make sb.do sth.let sb.do sth.see sb.do sth.、,注意,(1)我做家庭作业 I do my homework.家庭作业被我做 Homework is done by me.(2)很多人使用英语 Many people use English.英语被很多人使用 English is used by many people.(3)他们制造电脑 They make computers.电脑被他们制造。Computers are made by them.(4)他给了我一本书 He gives me a book.一本书被给了我。A book is given to me.,1.Some people speak French in Canada.2.They made TV sets in that factory.3.They can use the room for playing basketball.4.Do many people speak English?5.Did they made bikes in the factory?,French is spoken in Canada by some people.,TV sets were made in that factory(by them).,The room can be used for playing basketball(by them).,Is English spoken by many people?,Were bikes made in the factory(by them)?,6.My father hasnt finished the two books yet.,The two books havent been finished by my father yet.,三、把下列句子改为被动语态,7.They gave me two books yesterday.,I was given two books by them yesterday.,8.They saw him play football yesterday.,He was seen to play football by them yesterday.,b.Two books were given to me by them yesterday.,Tips:不带to的不定式，被动语态要加to。常见的有：make、have、let、see、hear、watch。,Tips:双宾语的句子，被动语态有两种，物做主语,人前加to，动词是buy，人前加 for,中考链接,(1999)Football _ all over the world.A.is playing B.play C.plays D.is played(2000)Many more houses _ for teachers since last year.A.are building B.built C.have built D.have been built(2001)1.No one knows how the huge rocks _ and _ without our modern machines eight hundred years ago.A.are cut;moved B.were cut;move C.are cut;moving D.were cut;moved 2.The man who lived alone on that island thought he _never _.A.will;find B.would;be found C.is;found D.had;been found(2002)Dont worry.All the children _ by the nurses.A.are well taken care of B.take good care of C.are taken good care D.take good care(2003)Mr Johnsons story _ by everyone who heard it.A.laughed at B.was laughed C.laughed D.was laughed at(2004)At the end of the meeting,Miss Green _ two minutes to decide whether she should join the project or not.A.gave B.had given C.was given D.was giving,(2005)A neighbour helped to keep our dog.It _ while we were on holiday.A.was taken care B.took care of C.is taken care of D.was taken care of(2006)As usual,Meihua _ at 6:30 this morning by her mother to get ready for school.A.has woken up B.woke up C.wakes up D.was woken up(2007)I think that bicycles _for this trip.It will be fun and good for our health.A.should use B.will use C.should be used D.will be able to used(2008)这些花必须天天浇水，否则就会枯死。All these flowers _ _ _ every day,or they will die.,must be watered,