(完整)初中英语现在完成时教案.doc

One To One 授 课 教 案年级：初三 课程： 英语 教师 ：吴宜花 日期：2015/12/3课题名称现在完成时教学目标通过对现在完成时的讲解使学生掌握现在完成时的主要知识点和考点。能够运用所学技巧和方法应对中考。授课类型理论课教学重点掌握现在完成时的句型结构，时间状语。教学难点动词过去分词的不规则变化 教学方法讲授法、提问法、举例法、练习法教具及材料白板、资料课 时 40分钟授课内容新课导入现在完成时的相关题型是每年中考的必考题。一般出现在单选题偶见出现在完形填空以及句子填空题中。因此掌握现在完成时的知识点和考点是中考拿分的重点内容。这节课我们就现在完成时的重点难点及考点进行详细讲解。新课讲解1.含义1).表示一个动作发生在过去，并且已经结束，强调对现在的影响。（瞬间动词适用于这种情况） 例子：  He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。She has passed the exam so far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试2).表示一个动作发生在过去，并且没有结束，一直持续到现在，并有可能持续到未来。（延续性动词适用于这种情况） 例子：I have lived here for about ten years. We have been very busy since the new term began.2.结构歌诀： 完成时，很简单， have, has 再加done.  I, you, we, they 用have， 其他has把身现。 否定not 加其后， 疑问句里提向前。 如果要把时间加，since一点，for一段。 强调完成有不同， yet，already句中添。yet否定，疑问见，already表示“已做完”。 never，ever表经历，用在过去分词前，never本身表否定，ever“曾经”句意全。肯定句：主语 + have/has +动词过去分词 （完成时，很简单， have, has 再加done.  I, you, we, they 用have， 其他has把身现。）I have already finished my lunch.She has just gone out.练习A) 选用have, has填空：1. I _ told him the news.2. She _ come back from school.3. You _ won the game.否定句：主语 + have/has not +动词过去分词（缩写：haven't（否定not 加其后）he has never been there.Tom hasnt come back yet. 练习She has already finished her meal.疑问句：Have /Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词？（疑问句里提向前）。简略答语：Yes, 主语 + have / has.(肯定)No, 主语 + havent / hasnt.(否定)Have you heard the news yet? Yes, I have.Have you ever climbed that mountain? No, I haven,t. 上一份练习改成疑问句 让学生回答）练习They have lived in Guilin for ten years.过去分词1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：(1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ ed ”。work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。live-lived-lived ,(3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 "y" 变为 "i" ，再加“ ed ”。study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ ed ”。stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped2 、不规则动词：AAA型 cost cost cost , cut cut cut, read read read 等AAB型 beat beat beaten 等ABA型 come came come run ran run 等ABB型 bring brought brought buy bought bought think thought thought 等 ABC型 do did done go went gone see saw seen 等B) 按要求改写下列各句：4. They  have bought a computer.  (改成否定句)    _We  have finished our homework .  (改成否定句)    _5. He has lost his book.  (先改成一般疑问句，再作肯定与否定回答)     _ _      _ _ They have cleaned the classroom.  (先改成一般疑问句，再作肯定与否定回答)     _ _  _ _3.标志词：（1） “已完成”“过去对现在的影响“ already，表示：已经（肯定句中，可放句中或句末）, yet，表示：已经、还.（否定句和疑问句中，用在句末）, just，表示：刚刚 （瞬间动词）He has already got her help.他已得到她的帮助。He has just seen the film.他刚刚看过这场电影。He hasnt started yet.他还没有动身。强调到现在为止的的生活经历：（延续性动词）never，表示从来没有 ，ever，表示：曾经（长用于否定和疑问句），once,一次twice 两次,three times 三次，so far 到目前为止。She has never been late for school. 他上学从未迟到过。 Have you ever lived in this hotel? 你曾经住过这个酒店吗？They have been to Beijing twice. 他们去过两次北京了。She has passed the exam so far.到目前为止她已经通过了考试。（2） “未完成”“过去到现在可能刚刚结束，也可能继续下去”（延续性动词）since + 过去时间点，表示：自从.（1）since+（过去的）月份/年份，（2）since+ 一段时间+ago（3）since+ 一般过去时从句 for + 时间段：表示：持续I havent seen him for two years. She has taught English for ten years.延续性动词和非延续性动词的相互转换 初中阶段常见的有：buyhave,leavebe away, borrowkeep, joinbe a member / diebe dead, becomebe, open (v.)be open (adj.) comebe, go outbe out, leavebe away (from), beginbe on,等。He has been away for two years.他已走了两年。 He has been an English teacher since 1992.自从1992年以来他一直当英语教师。1. He bought the book two weeks ago. = He has had the book for two weeks.2. She left two years ago. = has been away for two years.3.He died 20 years ago. = He has been dead for 20 years.4. The factory opened in 1999. = The factory has been open since 1999.5. He joined the army three years ago. =He has been in the army for three yearshave been in, have been to 与have gone to 的用法   1. have(has) been in 意为“已经在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。如：   Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了2. have(has) been to意为“曾经去过某地,现在已经回来”，可与just, ever, never，once ,twice等连用。如：   I've just been to the post office. 我刚才去邮局了。   Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾经去过杭州吗？ Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 玛丽从未去过长城They have been to that village several times. 他们去过那个村庄好几次了。3. have(has) gone to 意为“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中。总之，说话时该人不在现场，一般不用第一、第二人称代词作句子的主语。如：   Where is Tom? 汤姆在哪里？   He has gone to the bookshop.他到书店去了。   一，单项选择1、Both  his  parents  look  sad .Maybe they  _what's  happened  to  him .  knew  .  have known   .  must know   .will know2、He  has  _ been  to  Shanghai , has  he ?.  already   .never    .ever    . still3、Have  you  met  Mr  Li _？.  just   .  ago     .before   .  a moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year. is  writing    .was  writing    .wrote  .has  written 5、-Our country  _ a lot so far .-Yes . I hope it will be even _ . has  changed ; well   .  changed ; good. has  changed ; better .  changed ; better6、Zhao Lan _already  _in this school for two years . was ; studying                   . will ; study. has ; studied                     . are ; studying7、We _ Xiao  Li  since  she  was  a  little  girl . know   .  had  known   . have  known   .  knew 8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice .  will  see     .  have  seen     .  saw   .see9、-These  farmers  have  been  to  the  United  States .   -Really ? When _  there ?. will  they  go      .  did  they  go.  do  they  go      .  have  they  gone10、-_ you _ your  homework  yet ?-Yes . I _  it  a  moment  ago .  Did ; do ; finished    .  Have ; done ; finished.  Have ; done ; have  finished   .  will ; do ; finish11、 His  father  _ the  Party  since  1978 .  joined    .  has joined  .  was in .  has  been  in12、-Do you know him well ?-  Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago .  were    . have been  . have become   . have made13、-How long have you  _ here ?-About two months .  been     .  gone     .  come  .  Arrived14、Hurry  up! The  play _ for  ten  minutes .  has  begun .  had  begun .  has  been  on.  Began15、 It  _ ten  years  since  he  left  the  army .  is   .  has    .  will    .  was16、 Miss  Green  isn't  in  the  office . she_  to  the  library .has  gone  . went   .will  go   .  has  been17、My  parents _  Shandong  for  ten  years .  have  been  in                      . have  been  to.  have  gone  to                      . have  been18、The students have cleaned the classroom,      ?A. so they   B. don't they   C. have they   D. haven't they19、has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he        to China?A. How soon, comes             B. How often, got  C. How long, came              D. How far, arrived20、 His uncle _ for more than 9 years.A. has come here           B. has started to workC. has lived there           D. has left the university二、句型转换1、The old man _ last year. He _ for a year. (die) （动词填空）2、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同义句转换) This factory  _ for twenty years.3、Jim _(make) many friends since he _（come) to China.4、Miss Gao left an hour ago.  (同义句转换) Miss Gao _ _ _ _ an hour ago.5、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）Her  mother _ the  Party  three  years  _ .6、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把两个句子合并成一个句子)   _