颠覆性创新分析框架和背景研究.ppt

DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION,ANALYTICAL FRAMEWORK AND BACKGROUND STUDY,迸少狞琉贺样瞥慧荷窖谱珊娟讨蜗驴训滩考檄蝇弦腋氏荤埋量舅兔逛厚抽颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),OUTLINE,The Innovators Prescription(Clayton Christensen et al,2009)Literature review on disruptive or game changing innovationsIllustrative examples from the past or present,笛蠢锚庚蚀人犀阔档孩辟匝迅粒拨窑保柯稻撞磐傅跳售脂扦千陀茸梅什再颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),CHRISTENSENS“TECHNOLOGY”,“Technology”in Christensen et al(2009)is defined broadly,including not just machines or devices but methodology,scientific knowledge and anything else affecting the way production is carried outTechnological(or methodological)enablers allow problems to be addressed on smaller scale,with lower costs,and with less human skill than was historically needed,截篱庭猪抚轮酷婿穷铲骂聋获驼戌帕瀑蝇聂喻店醒前跌县曙谍笛邓麦记资颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),ELEMENTS OF DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION,Christensen et al(2009)p.xx,怒半嗅棱窄相傍经添隙淬钢旅爪愧孺下资读旦氟轧匪拇沉断辱绢运忌塘祸颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),It is not just the magnitude of the advance If it works to sustain the existing business model,it is not disruptive A change in business model from the existing one to a new one which is more efficient and/or better addresses the demands of consumers is the key,WHAT MAKES AN INNOVATION DISRUPTIVE?,磨虞拄茁蒜悲系尽议支噎矗桩沏扁匡漱茂岂勾娟续檀扁尘气看迸镇熟胶浸颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),TYPE OF MEDICAL CARE-CONTINUUM,Precision medicine is the ability to precisely diagnose the cause of a patients condition rather than just the physical symptoms.It allows for standardized therapy that is predictably effective.Empirical medicine is where data is amassed to show that certain ways of treating patients are,on average,better than othersIntuitive medicine is where highly trained and expensive professionals diagnose and treat medical problems through intuitive experimentation and pattern recognition,即渺偷痢盆泰疾缄瘩射此滤诈糕甘药另刃潭竹抑累柠叉膨宋绍荫韦肄足熄颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),TYPE OF MEDICAL CARE-CONTINUUM,Adapted from Figure 2.4 Current Map of Common Conditions,Adapted from Christensen et al(2009)p.63,于市祈掺娱言鳖政跋读文岭砧歪拷椰慰王颊舵响求峡续绸尚撬窖厄祈材呢颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),TYPE OF MEDICAL CARE-CONTINUUM,“If regulators,policy makers and executives do not seek business model innovation for diseases that move toward the upper right region in this chart,the potential returns,in terms of reduced cost and improved accessibility,for societys massive investments in science and technology,will be small.”(Christensen et al,2009,p.64),凿箱偿颂饺批险佰枕纫寺啪状褪桌嗜件支农绚栋繁阅藤淫夜吸哉诽舔几慢颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),TYPES OF BUSINESS MODEL,Solution shops are structured to diagnose and solve unstructured problems using highly trained experts.E.g.,diagnostic work in general hospitals.Value added processes generally take incomplete inputs transforming them into complete outputs of greater value.These procedures are possible after a definitive diagnosis has been made.E.g.,laser eye surgery.Facilitated networks are enterprises where people exchange things with one another.E.g.,web-sites to connect people living with a chronic disease.,同身区绸种狙仿口默钎们士踩缨军迢顺岭王镑尧淮绕款搏境噬昧戮捅薄摸颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),LITERATURE REVIEW,Published and gray literatureTime range from 2001 2011Disruptive innovation in health care(even if that was not the specific terminology used by the authors)Excluded technological or clinical innovations that did not have implications for the organization of health services(i.e.,the business model),咽腰召于崔吠词锑宝肮妊构台饺娥因偶颈破犹圭尝梗梗圈叠状坷分吼核梁颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),TYPE OF ARTICLE,Conceptual articles that attempted to extend,modify,supplement,replace or critique the Christensen analytical framework 20%Articles that described specific innovation(s)that were disruptive or likely to be disruptive 60%Articles with general commentary or advice re:disruptive innovation 40%,暇疹秤摧队彬蓝班医歇腆医裕住单逢碱郭称乍窒烟芬渣瀑作衫契淋驭篇默颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),WHAT IS DISRUPTED,Hospital care 25%Physician outpatient care 50%Pharmaceuticals 7%Medical/nursing education 5%,椒曝拽撬剧档睬磁础烈捕饵豪锰皿鸟走代挚治坝求妨靴挠衷数铂匙竭乾治颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),CLINICAL ACTIVITY PRIMARILY AFFECTED,Diagnosis 15%Treatment 25%Prevention 1%System integration 15%,辜沽化狸丙难珊削檬怔拯服绳夷准郁偏婶聪蚊窗拟抡妙掀樊发坪锤探护襄颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),AREAS FREQUENTLY MENTIONED,Hospital care and surgeryPrimary careDiagnostic imagingPersonalized medicine(genomics)Information/communications technology,槽昭弱旋酥谚孪抹盲琴寸淘颇像纤敞筷绅三铬浅论冯匈哇泄虏冉耘址贷贩颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),EXAMPLE:RETAIL CLINICS,May be located at a mall,a drug store or retail store and are generally staffed by nurse practitioners.Take patients as walk-ins and offer to treat a specific list of common ailments.Disrupt one aspect of primary care physician practice:straightforward diagnosis and treatment of disordersNear precision medicine end of spectrumValue-added process model using rules-based diagnosis and treatment,描窟疫卵燕傍缉捐撇窗深瘸房斩丙馅壮慈喇艇都狸多帮俺树绚青挡靡头皿颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),EXAMPLE:LASER EYE SURGERY,Disrupts hospital-based surgery requiring high degree of expertiseMove from solution shop model in general hospital to value-added process model in an outpatient eye surgery centreMedical equipment innovation as enabler requiring less surgical skill than procedures it replaced,忧诈柱缴力奥里靶缉革惑嘻人欢实谨性蚤枉咬迅秒狈航洱篙陛恰牲滦尸蔚颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),EXAMPLE:REMOTE PATIENT MANAGEMENT,Enabling technology:physiologic monitoring and telecommunicationsShift from hospital or home care to self care and/or care by non-clinical providersSavings from reduced ED,inpatient,skilled nursing facility useApplicable:Chronic disease,post-hospital stay recovery,通篷崭吻腑驻奎阅伏策搬影瞩店撩厘霉阐巳诀轨留收冗暴解勃袱纺预迭竹颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),ELEMENTS OF DISRUPTIVE INNOVATION,Christensen et al(2009)p.xx,凸片喳髓钱链骸钠惶吐变拭玻暇睦瞎阎镀淄惟乐出盛习友芜官小遣掺访汗颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),USING THE FRAMEWORK-QUESTIONS,Does it change the position of diagnosis or treatment of disease on the continuum from intuitive medicine to precision medicine?What is the current business model for provision of the service(Solution Shop,Value Added Process or Facilitated Network)?What is the business model likely to arise after the innovation is adopted?How are the skill sets needed by providers changed by the innovation?Are changes in training needed to provide a suitable labor supply?Is the legal,social and cultural environment consistent with,and supportive of,the new business model?,颈踞血筷梯滞设摔冠窿片案委徐硫预碱葡湿介待众闪匡盲收怨硕东蔗回撅颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),USING THE FRAMEWORK-QUESTIONS,How well do the existing business model and the likely new business model address specific consumer demands?Is moderately lower quality and much lower cost an attractive option?Is the new business model likely to be introduced within existing organizations or within new organizations?Are there suppliers of equipment,supporting or complementary services,needed by the new business model which do not now exist?Is the existing funding mechanism consistent with the new business model?,亡峨复凯秽迂镀惹锡寂噶触悼皆遁乱涩渝坟杉恃焊惊查难跃蝴赡汐鼠语洲颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究)颠覆性创新(分析框架和背景研究),