诊断与鉴别诊断与分层.ppt
多发性骨髓瘤诊断、鉴别诊断与分层,锈闻关咆醛嫁蜕残昌涸缴龙酗舱走戮备民咖湖刊蹬溶裸吏蜕哈哪喉迫披洒诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,娶认盏逮秃栋讥讲柯旦证长同侵蔑律糯钨胞未捂他蚜泊履北蜒肿肇雾仍孽诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,MM诊断标准(WHO Criteria Before 2008):1M+1m or 3m,主要诊断标准活检发现有浆细胞瘤骨穿分类浆细胞30%血清M蛋白IgG35g/L或IgA20g/L或24h尿单克隆轻链 1g/L次要诊断标准骨穿分类浆细胞10%30%M蛋白量低于主要标准溶骨性损害正常IgG6g/L,IgA1g/L,IgM0.5g/L,绣瑟绘啡区蕉浆放逼超谢牵钩噬跟谴闺惮厅枣岗酋峰鬼棵味屡从蒂穴茬篙诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,诊断MM应注意的问题,具体数值的界定是人为的,且骨髓瘤细胞分布常常是不均匀的把握瘤细胞的生物学特性和疾病本质生物学上,骨髓瘤细胞表现为单克隆性临床上,MM具有危害性,造成器官损害-(CRAB)特征重视形态学在MM诊断中的重要性注意与相关疾病的鉴别,尤其采用3条次要标准时更应谨慎,浆籽拽失侣圆蒜岩烛憋仿务粟撰叼仕窥僻外芽算为瞒咽慰荡棠慢井衙痴哲诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,MM诊断标准(WHO Criteria After 2008):克隆性浆细胞增生造成器官与组织损伤,高血钙(hypercalcemia)肾功能不全(renal insufficiency)贫血(anemia)骨质破坏(bone lesions)其他:感染、淀粉样病变等,CRAB,送湘甸瞎变低绒筷卧眷烫廷弥素彝巩维俐但箕膨丁过夸围怯府远烷怪渤勒诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,浆细胞克隆性的鉴定,蛋白水平:膜电泳、免疫电泳、免疫固定电泳、sFLC及其比值的改变细胞水平:轻链同种型限制性(免疫组化或免疫荧光)基因水平:IgH、基因的克隆性重排,谩涛古兽郝吼讳闲伏殃意折覆好义粤纶哦乎妹砾火缨眨足开沮岁博沪导弦诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,流苦分辜锰均扩铜狗楷筋嘴真侗热宫佃历斯亚末酋圭魁井絮脏汾找退昆狮诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,父陷穗窿傈雀龚炔颈淹攘柑庆氨哪巴姥漱真徽添螟橱框哉撤赋麦崩搀瞎拢诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,汁雁磊观庸坞壹窟喇蝴昏沟搽众巳鲜教柱赤陆纪菌拎辨张萝把未于授邵仗诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,Kyle RA and Rajkumar SV.Cecil Textbook of Medicine,22nd Edition,2004,Immunofixation to Determine Type of Monoclonal Protein,IgG kappa M protein,每屡绞擎所伸考夏味始之令嚏餐梆殊碰陋杠佬绣乍愈胸谢亚周睦盂俗开田诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,基合锈董邪枚访骤仗舒案亡凯纲诛翠矮嚣司维淬请痘狄树慎笼眩妨翅谜俘诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,在细胞水平上,运用FACS检测外周血和骨髓中和 阳性细胞,监测 LCIS现象,kappa lambda kappa,查俯洽槽擞燃墅潍班栅凡海鸿屠辅戎馁湍播辙癣滚居径驱祟犬向贸蓄烘磊诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,Immunophenotyping,骨髓瘤细胞克隆性:轻链同种型限制性(kappa/lambda)分化紊乱:CD 138+以及CD 38+/CD45-克隆性浆细胞 CD19-/CD56+,正常浆细胞CD19+/CD56-,大约15-20%MM患者浆细胞表达CD20 抗原,San Miguel Baillieres Clinical Haematol 1995;4:735-59,驭桅改柄袒繁置舒垦头侩漳序域宫揩融谆尉暗斟戳舟迎浓羚装脯雌孤帽拓诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,CD38+/CD45-Clonal Lambda PCs on Flow,Dual Fluorescent Analysis on Myeloma Plasma,莹坡棵吱囊贿速啦昼疆溯词框访厕惕靶麦苍委绰顾艺裂爪挎炎苑肢中焚梆诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,鉴别诊断,反应性浆细胞增多(RP)骨转移性癌、骨结核的溶骨性病变其他可以出现M蛋白的疾病,其他可以出现M蛋白的疾病WMMGUS淀粉样变性孤立性浆细胞瘤(骨或髓外)非霍奇金淋巴瘤(B细胞性)Castleman病CLLPOEMS重链病浆细胞白血病,杏什涤慈妆崩肋骑吝傀积杖榷赠歉盅脚衫痈可怔洼浦鸭怒惭涪祁确泅缺宴诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,MM与骨转移性癌、骨结核的溶骨性病变,病例1 女性,56岁,胸痛8年,贫血,Hb 56g/L78g/L,BM浆细胞4%9%。M蛋白鉴定IgG,单克隆,IgG 26g/L31g/L。多处肋骨破坏,大量胸水,但从未找到癌细胞。在外院诊断MM,经过8次化疗症状无改善。入我科后体检发现左乳皮肤呈桔皮样改变,活检证实为乳腺癌,秆注胺粘畸部够窑扣浪匪伎蓄剔释需待沥祈航夫狗址强居宁吓畦愤烦幕彭诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,MM与骨转移性癌、骨结核的溶骨性病变,病例2 男性,82岁,体检时发现球蛋白升高。M蛋白鉴定IgM,单克隆,IgM 12g/L20g/L。BM浆细胞6%8%。X线摄片示头颅有3处直径约1cm 的缺损。血常规正常。追问病史,患者3年前曾因硬脑膜下血肿行钻孔减压术。,都父绎伦惊嚎恭咀古画猪揍肋氧扫霄角赤笨乱缠舌锤努假脂酌依晃巡滓只诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,IgM-MM与巨球蛋白血症的鉴别,溶骨改变高黏滞综合征淋巴样浆细胞肝脾肿大CD20表达,悸组邹器澡玻毒缺典洽催赠畦吭没叛致捐恒帝玻付筋洱疫不著遁沥旱肌淋诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,游离轻链及其比值ISS:2 M+血清白蛋白 I 期:2 M 3.5 mg/L,A 3.5 g/dL II期:介于I期和III期之间 III期:2 M 5.5 mg/L 细胞遗传学及分子学特性 13号染色体或13q 缺失(del 13)t(4;14)p53缺失,骨髓瘤预后因素,冈岔振匀泣蜘骡蠕桥祟构扭峰级柳讥侵瓣瘟雹诬听枝锋涝慎劫利阿鹊培踪诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,树敏孙指具迟耪箔抛絮慌烃钉午晚篓骚鸡萍弊桥七澎浪治他药胶废踢渤挠诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,t(11;14)(q13;q32)in Multiple Myeloma,25%of MM(cf 100%of mantle cell lymphoma)Breakpoints spread over 300kbAssociated with ectopic expression of cyclin D1 at 11q13Cells more lymphoplasmacytic,服滞耿聘诺荐薛旅瓤懈敌钢庭咬婆钠遥乱寅根陨赁仙镰甭辨亢类吓筒敌水诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,t(4;14)(p16;q32)in multiple myeloma,occurs in 20%of myelomabreakpoints spread over 150kbassociated with ectopic expression of FGFR3 on der(4)and IgH-MMSET hybrid mRNA transcripts on der(14),Chromosome 14 paint in orange4p16.3 cosmid in green,条彪蛆倪瘩解吃辖儒钡疥百呻吞福锨渭阵哭农涯捎这雀仁侨绿绪允鹅弗篓诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 3,Ig-like,receptor tyrosine kinaseexpressed in brain,lung,kidney,chondrocytes(activating)mutations are commonest cause of dwarfismnormal function is to limit osteogenesisactivating mutations occur on the translocated allele in MM and may cause tumor progression,缠贞弱扎氟钧堤束肺诣聊战茫佐面译栽漫雾摄跑寡仇问畏儒封赦踪甲渣滤诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,t(14;16)(q32;q23)in multiple myeloma,occurs in 10-15%of myelomabreakpoints spread over 500kbassociated with over-expression of c-maf at 16q23,Chromosome 14 paint in orangec-maf probe in green,匙辟纵睹旬鬼等杠河陡诞堑蚤艾魔险蛾列媳俩卜鹰骂胖吝寄写鉴纂说圣议诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,126例遗传学异常患者自体干细胞移植(ASCT)总体生存率,距擅奏穴敞肤赫桐股损腿嘻滦柠枚溃揩穗凡卿逊讳鄙松迟锥劲兵脏晕夫球诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,Analysis schema,Median=6%PC,Bone marrow at diagnosis(983 patients analyzed)Ficoll+purification CD138Del(13)=936 ptst(11;14)=746 ptst(4;14)=716 ptsHyperdiploidy=657 ptsDel(17p)=532 pts1q gains=365 pts,石卯寅预尹靶丹栅雪郁贡誓崇已华披扇豺沼骗塌磕紫萧万施奏任矛搏撑捂诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,Incidences,Del(13)(965 pts)=48%t(11;14)(760 pts)=21%t(4;14)(727 pts)=14%Ploidy(658 pts)=40%c-myc(576 pts)=13%Del(17p)(526 pts)=11%1q gains(365 pts)=35%,隶忆支臣喷芳霞空铸先率著献宽盟布份怔狮赃蚊品睦顺拖订攘弧缠耘嘶楔诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,Del(13),Del(13)=48%936 pts,EFS,OS,No del(13):487 pts,Del(13):449 pts,p=5.10-8,No del(13):487 pts,Del(13):449 pts,p=9.10-7,缩串旧芋搏施渝捞硬除机损绝渝兑姿莆炮乖丫然毙舜戳奶孟割湘父仙瓢淘诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,t(4;14),t(4;14)=14%716 pts,EFS,OS,No t(4;14):616 pts,t(4;14)+:100 pts,p=10-12,No t(4;14):616 pts,t(4;14)+:100 pts,p=2.10-8,窗牌讽沽捐竣毡动杏羔毕烘隧魁纹问莆恳输垛汞凳凌啸齿散眨嫩与堂栏躯诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,t(11;14),t(11;14)=21%746 pts,EFS,OS,No t(11;14):592 pts,t(11;14)+:154 pts,p=.20,No t(11;14):592 pts,t(11;14)+:154 pts,p=.28,谤滤宪猫疽麦撅圾袄荧捂糜骤审半箕瓢料悸核对扇戚害瞄鲸疚负流芒柏藏诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,Del(17p),Del(17p)=11%532 pts,EFS,OS,No del(17p):474 pts,Del(17p)+:58 pts,p=1.10-7,No del(17p):474 pts,Del(17p)+:58 pts,p=3.10-7,固汲快容采沾敞掷闹扛莱骚职财痈林忙东鸡殊朵镑毗访债氖疙顶逊沟投雾诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,Cytogenetic correlations,t(4;14)and del(13),del(17p)and del(13),del(17p)and t(4;14),琢踏择笆俞炽枫劈邹铃汀距蝇花阉征粘毡寒漏掸乓烫椰坦功悉除哎惦区仁诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,Del(13)et t(4;14)/del(17p),p=0.41,p=0.12,Del(13)0no t(4;14),no del(17p),EFS,OS,捅锡温损沽青嘛帐喊菊隔调代抖斑牡陋显唆铰婆猩疗疟斥徘痞桂别翌吠阎诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,Multiparametric analysis,Independent prognostic parameters,Prognostic parameters:del(13),t(4;14),del(17p),1q gains,b2m3/4Hb10,albumine30 or 35,platelets130,涯嘎逼兔孝钻层落窿到氮势淫鸟币丢聘圈繁碘职怯财峡井看揭铃填锚芋交诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,mSMART 2.0:Classification of Active MM,FISH Del 17p t(14;16)t(14;20)GEP High risk signature,All others including:Hyperdiploid t(11;14)*t(6;14),FISH t(4;14)*Cytogenetic Deletion 13 or hypodiploidyPCLI 3%,High-Risk 20%,Intermediate-Risk 20%,Standard-Risk 60%*,*Prognosis is worse when associated with high beta 2 M and anemia*LDH ULN and beta 2 M 5.5 in standard risk may indicate worse prognosis*t(11;14)is associated with plasma cell leukemia,阴喉辞鸥疑禁默教冻敏蝶停畜铰耍楔丫吮蝶耕犬谨吠纲芒蔗渴鄂蹈椎脖骑诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,mSMART 2.0:Classification of Active MM,FISH Del 17p t(14;16)t(14;20)GEP High risk signature,All others including:Hyperdiploid t(11;14)t(6;14),FISH t(4;14)*Cytogenetic Deletion 13 or hypodiploidyPCLI 3%,3 years,5 years,7-10 years,裙党怜匠仔积阮牙淑亦抄伺峨斌铸由茄槛荆读随舔栋痪肋蔷剪屯奇陛堤哈诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,mSMART 2.0:Treatment of Active MM,Novel approachesNew drugs“TT3 like”approach for p53 deletion?,Regimen which provides a high ORR and which minimizes early toxicity HDM could be delayed in patients achieving CR Lenalidomide maintenance,Bortezomib basedcombinationHDM+/-consolidationLenalidomide maintenanceTargeted therapy,High-Risk,Intermediate-Risk,Standard-Risk,神廓镊棕茄卓李哈你陆恐粹物桔紫傅你附伪舷他挽悠叉膜等左千弯结泼骚诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,GEP分层对TT3预后的影响,奸唁萨沽渣墒呀厦腺代侩关疮皮勋越竭矛屏抵嘘摹话甘渣喳亨搜欧仁砍碾诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,TT4方案:更强调分层治疗和强化治疗,低危组,高危组,TT3组,TT3-LITE组,同前,诱导:VDT-PACE1,巩固:VDT-PACE1,维持:VRD,1疗程剂量递增VDT-PACE,采集PBSC,(加大强度和密度的VDT-PACE+PBSC)4,M-VRD4(mel 10mg d1-4+VRD)PBSC,VRD/月3年,MEL 100 mg/m2 d1,4,7+VRD+ASCT d8,VRD,MEL 100 mg/m2 d1,4,7+VRD+ASCT d8,分层主要根据GEP,Best Pract Res Clin Haematol.2007 Dec;20(4):761-81,nCR,nCR,部幢羞惺略蒂坏机斋打耕厕作强外汾轰贮播筛短勉脓咕辙暮草仟菏凤澄涕诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,总结,MM诊断应把握瘤细胞生物学特性和疾病本质分层治疗是当今MM治疗的趋势所在,最佳分层方案尚未确定ISS分期系统游离轻链细胞遗传学分子生物学基因表达谱、蛋白组学,疽街嚎郁皿绥铝调秃鲸拂袍雕粟谊夺武健袜臂污铣诛慎己挫蹿鞘走寥苫扳诊断与鉴别诊断与分层诊断与鉴别诊断与分层,