中考复习——句子种类.ppt

English Grammar,句子种类,She is(not)a student.Is she a student?Dont be careless.How clever she is!,(陈述句)(疑问句)(祈使句)(感叹句),说明一个事实或陈述说话人的看法。表示提出问题。表示请求、命令、叮嘱、建议等;主语 是you,一般省略;谓语动词用原形。表示喜怒哀乐等情绪,多用how和what开头。,句子种类,句子种类按用途可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。,考点一,陈述句（肯定式和否定式）,肯定陈述句,否定陈述句,eg.She is a student.,She is not/isnt a student.He has not/hasnt finished the work.They will not/wont go the school.Mary can not/cant speak Chinese.,She is a student.He has finished the work.They will go the school.Mary can speak Chinese.,陈述句,(语序:主语+谓语),陈述句,否定陈述句,He does not/doesnt speak French.He did not/didnt go to school yesterday.,He speaks French.He went to school yesterday.,陈述句,否定陈述句,Ive never been to Paris.I hardly go out these days because of the rain.Nobody knew the truth.I have little water.,疑问句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,Is She a student?Who is she?Is She a student or a teacher?She is a student,isnt she?,疑问句的语序:谓语+主语,选择疑问句,反意疑问句,考 点二,疑问句,1._ that pair of _ a little cheaper?,(语序:谓语+主语),A.Is;glass B.Are;glass C.Is;glasses D.Are;glasses,疑问句,2.-_ is Jeremy Lin?-He is a famous Harvard-educated,Asian-American NBA basketball player.,(语序:谓语+主语),A.Where B.What C.Why D.When,疑问句,3.-Is this a Chinese book or an English book?-Oh,_.,(语序:谓语+主语),A.Yes,it is B.No,it isntC.An English book D.A music book,疑问句,4.-_ did Sure go to school so early?-To be on duty.,(语序:谓语+主语),A.Where B.What C.Why D.When,用 How many；how many times;how much;how long;how far;how soon;how often 填空。,_ _ did you pay for the sweater?_ _ did you worked in that factory?-_ _ _ did he call you the day before yesterday?-Twice.-_ _ did he call you?-Twice a week._ _ will Jane and her brother finish the work?_ _ is it from here to the country?,How much,How long,How many times,How often,How soon,How far,4.反意疑问句,疑问句,注意这些主语：1当陈述部分的主语是不定代词something/anything/nothing/everything 等,或指示代词that，this时疑问部分主语用it，当指示代词是these，those时，后部分主语用they。Everything is ready,?This isnt a book,？These are books,？2、当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everybody,anyone,somebody,nobody,no one等，疑问部分主语用they，或用he Everyone knows the answer,?或?,isnt it,is it,doesnt he,dont they,arent they,结构一：前肯，+后否 Be 动词：1.You are an actor,_ _?2.He is a good boy,_ _?3.It was fine yesterday,_ _?4.You were studying when I called you last night,_ _?5.She is going to visit me,_ _?6.I am Chinese,_ _?,arent you,isnt he,wasnt it,werent you,isnt she,arent I,行为动词：1.It often rains here,_ _?2.He likes soccer,_ _?3.You have a headache,_ _?4.I called you yesterday,_ _?其它动词：1.You will go to America,_ _?2.We have ever been to Shanghai,_ _?,doesnt it,doesnt he,dont you,didnt I,wont you,havent we,C、特殊用法(一）1.His mother is a doctor,_ _?2.The dogs are fighting,_ _?There is a boy in our classroom,_ _?4.There were many cars in the street,_ _?5.There will be robots in our families,_ _?,isnt she,arent they,isnt there,werent there,wont there,三、特殊用法(二）6.Sit down please,_?7.Please call me,_?8.Lets go home,_?9.Let us go home,_?10.Let me see,_?,will/wont you,shall/shant we,will/wont you,will/wont you,will/wont you,结构二：前否，+后肯 1.You arent an actor,_ _?2.He isnt a good boy,_ _?3.It wasnt fine yesterday,_ _?4.It doesnt rain here,_ _?5.His sister doesnt have a headache,_ _?6.You didnt call me yesterday,_ _?,are you,is he,does it,does she,was it,did you,7.You wont go to U.S.A.,_ _?8.There isnt a boy in our classroom,_ _?9.There werent many cars in the street,_ _?10.Dont smoke,_ _?,will you,is there,were there,will you,Dont smoke in the meeting room,_?(A)do you(B)will you(C)can you(D)could you,-否定祈使句 will you,My uncle has never been to a foreign country,_?(A)has he(B)does he(C)hasnt he(D)doesnt he,His sister had a bad cough,_ she?(A)wasnt(B)doesnt(C)hadnt(D)didnt,When and where to build the lab hasnt be decided,_?A.hasnt it B.have they C.was it D.has it,Lets go and play football,_?Thats wonderful.(A)will you(B)do you(C)wont you(D)shall we,Let us go now,_?(A)will you(B)do you(C)shouldnt you(D)shall we,Lets shall we;let us will you.,John can hardly understand any Chinese,_ he?(A)cant(B)doesnt(C)can(D)does,-陈述部分含有 few,little,seldom,havdly,never,not,no,no one,nobody,nothing,none,neither 等，反问句应用肯定结构。,I dont think you are right,_?(A)do I(B)dont I(C)are you(D)arent you,He doesnt think you are right,_?does he(B)doesnt he(C)are you(D)arent you,反意问句的回答方法,eg.“You havent been to Beijing,have you?”“_.How I wish to go there!”A.Yes,I have B.Yes,I havent C.No,I have D.No,I havent,D,(是的,没有.),-Your uncle isnt an engineer,is he?-_.he works at a school.A.Yes,he isnt B.No,he isnt C.No,he is D.Yes,he is,祈使句,祈使句用以表示命令、请求、叮嘱或建议，主语通常省略。肯定式谓语动词用原形，否定式用“Dont(Never)动词原形”。如：,Turn on the light.开灯。,Dont turn on the light.不要开灯。,_ it with me and Ill see what I can do.A.When leftB.Leaving C.If you leaveD.Leave,_ down the radio-the babys asleep in the next room.A.Turning B.To turn C.Turned D.Turn,Dont be late again,Mike?_.A.No,I dont B.Dont worryC.Sorry,I wont D.I dont know【解析】选C。,他是一名多好的学生啊！,What a good student he is!=How good a student he is!,修饰单数可数名词的感叹句,既可以 由what引导,也可以由how引导,但 句式不同,不定冠词a的位置也不同。,感叹句,感叹句往往由what和how引导。,感叹句用法很简单,How和What放句前；How与形、副词类连,What后面名词添；主语谓语不用变,省掉它们也常见。,单项选择。1._ a nice watch it is！A.How B.What C.What a D.How a2._ bright the lights are!A.What B.What a C.How D.how a,B,C,3._ hard work it is!A.How B.What C.What a D.What an 4._ day it is!Its rainy again.A.How bad B.What a bad C.How fine D.What a fine,B,B,5、（）the mooncakes are！A、How delicious B、How a delicious C、What delicious D、What a delicious6、（）_thick ice！Would you like to go skating？A、What B、How C、What a D、How a,A,A,7._ great day it will be!A.How a B.What a C.How D.What8._ expensive trousers!A.What B.What a C.How D.What an9._ useful work they have done!A.What B.How C.What a D.What an,B,A,A,10._ nice picture you gave me!A.How B.What C.What a D.What an11._ careless he is!A.What B.How C.So much D.How much,C,B,(,)1.(2011 年 广 东)Alice had nothing for breakfast this morning,_？,No.She got up too late.Ahad sheCdid she,Bhadnt she Ddidnt she,解析：前面陈述句中有表示否定的 nothing，动词 had 是实义动词，故反意疑问句要借助助动词 did，选 C。,C,(,)2.(2011 年广东河源)Lets go to the cinema to see a film,_？,B,Awill you,Bshall we,Cwont you,Ddont you,解析：前面是 Lets 开头的祈使句，其反意疑问句应用 shall we。,(,)3.(2011 年广东河源)Peter,_ do you visit Your grandparents?,D,Twice a month.,Ahow long,Chow far,Dhow often,解析：由答语可知是对频率提问，故用 how often，表示“多久一次”。,Bhow soon,()4.(2011 年广东河源)_ delicious beef!Well.You can eat more if you like it.,AWhat,BWhat a,CHow,DHow a,解析：what 引导的感叹句句式为“What(a/an)形容词名词(主语谓语)！”，beef 是不可数名词，故选 A。,A,(,)5.(2011 年广东广州)I hear the tall girl wearing glasses is,your new classmate.Shes from America,_？,Ahas sheChasnt she,Bisnt sheDdoes she,解析：前面陈述句是肯定句，其 be 动词为 is，故反意疑问句中用 isnt。,B,(,)6.(2011 年 广 东 佛 山)_ cute the monkeys are,when they ask for food!,A,AHow,BWhat,CWhat a,解析：how 引导的感叹句句式为“How形容词主语谓语！”，故选 A。,(,)7.(2011 年 广 东 佛 山)_ is the history of,B,Tsinghua University?100 years.,AHow soon,BHow long,CHow far,解析：由答语可知是提问时间长短的，故用 how long，意为“多长时间”。,(,)8.(2011 年 广 东 肇 庆)The students in Class Two played basketball,against Class One yesterday,_？,B,Adid they,Bdidnt they,解析：陈述句部分是肯定句，且谓语动词为 played，故其反意疑问句要借助助动词 did 且为否定形式。选 B。,Cwerent they,(,)9.(2011 年 深 圳)There is something wrong with,your bike,_？,B,解析：there be 句型的反意疑问句主语仍用 there，且陈述句部分是肯定的，故其反意疑问句用否定形式；have sth.done 使某事被做。,Yes.Ill have it _ tomorrow.Aisnt it;mendBisnt there;mendedCisnt it;mendedDisnt there;mend,10.(2011 年广东深圳)_ good time we had at,the party last night!,C,Yes.It was _ exciting party that I would neverforget it.,AWhat;soCWhat a;such an,BHow;suchDHow a;so an,解析：what 引导的感叹句句式为“What(a/an)形容词名词(主语谓语)！”，time 在此为可数名词，意为“一段时光”；such 修饰名词时常用于结构“sucha/an形容词名词”。故选 C。,()11.(2011 年广东茂名)Dont open the door,_？,Aarent you,Bdont you,解析：祈使句的反意疑问句用 will/wont you，因陈述句部分是否定的，故用 will you。,Adoesnt heCdoes he,Bisnt heDis he,解析：have 表示“拥有”时，其反意疑问句有两种形式：“hasnt(复数 havent，过去时 hadnt)主语”或“doesnt(复数dont，过去时 didnt)主语”，故选 A。,Cwill you,()12.(2010 年广东)The boy has a new MP4,_？,A,C,A,()13.(2010 年广东)_ will you come back?In an hour.,AHow soonCHow far,BHow oftenDHow long,解析：由答语可知是提问“多久以后”，故用 how soon。,(,)14.(2010 年 广 东 茂 名)Do you know _,Mr.Smith comes to the shop?Once a week.Ahow often,Bhow long,解析：根据答语“Once a week.”可知是提问频率，故选 A。,A,Chow soon,(,)15.(2010 年广东湛江)There is some beef in the fridge,_？Yes,there is.Ais thereChas there,Bisnt thereDhasnt there,解析：陈述句部分为 there is，故反意疑问部分用 isnt there。,(,)16.(2010 年 广 东 深 圳)Lets go to the zoo by taxi,_？,D,Maybe we can go there _.Its not far.,Awont you;on footCshall we;by foot,Bwont you;by footDshall we;on foot,解析：Lets 开头的祈使句，其反意疑问句用 shall we；表示“步行”用 on foot。,B,(,)17.(2010 年广东佛山)_ sad we felt at the news of,C,the Yushu earthquake!AWhat,BWhat a,解析：how 引导的感叹句句式为“How形容词主语谓语！”，故选 C。,CHow,Im late,_?Jim works hard,_?Mr.Smith will not go to Beijing,_?They havent been to Shanghai,_?She had little water,_?They had to leave early,_?He didnt say that we would succeed,_?I believe he will come to the meeting,_?8.I didnt think the story was interesting,_?9.Everything has been ready,_?10.Anyone could hardly know the answer,_?,Practice 2.,完成下列反意问句。,arent I,doesnt he,will he,have they,had she/did she,didnt they,wont he,was it,hasnt it,could he/could they,did he,We need to do it,_?They neednt go now,_?Nothing is wrong with your TV set,_?You must go home right now,_?You mustnt walk on grass,_?You must be tired,_?Lets sing a song together,_?Let us sing a song,_?Have a couple of tea,_?Dont be careless,_?You had better not talk like that,_?,dont we,need they,is it,neednt you,must you,arent you,shall we,will you,will you/would you,will you,had you,22.He ought not to be late,_?23.There are a number of apples in the tree,_?This is very useful,_?The Smiths used to live in London,_?_?He disagreed with me,_?You dislike the film,_?He seldom has lunch at school,_?What a find day,_?,ought he/should he,arent there,isnt it,usednt they,didnt he,dont you,did he,isnt it,didnt they,