语法填空考点10名词.ppt

在下列各句空白处填入所给词的正确形式，并说明理由。1.(2015卷I65)seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _(painting).,因被many修饰，故要用复数形式。,paintings,2.(2014卷I49)While there are amazing stories of instant transformation,for most of us the _(change)are gradual and require a lot of effort and work,like cleaning up a polluted river.,作主语要用名词，或者说冠词后应当用名词，change除作动词外也可作名词，所以词性不必变化；由紧接着的are可知，要用复数形式。,changes,我们知道，名词在句中的典型用法就是作主语或宾语(位于及物动词或介词后)。如果括号中所给词是名词，又是在句中作主语或宾语时，就无需作词类转换，应考虑是否需要用复数形式。,关于名词，从近两年的高考题来看，在语法填空中只考查了名词的复数形式，但我们认为，名词的所有格也是可能要考的。1.名词的复数形式英语中的名词，只要大于一，就要用复数形式，如“一个半小时”要说one and a half hours(=an hour and a half)。可数名词由单数变复数一般是在词尾加s，但还有以下几点需要牢记：,(1)以-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的，加es。如：busbuses,foxfoxes,brushbrushes,approachapproaches等。例外：stomachstomachs(胃)。(2)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i，再加es。如：storystories,babybabies,activityactivities,agencyagencies等。,(3)以-f(e)结尾的常用词，变f(e)为v，再加es。如：halfhalves,lifelives,thiefthieves,knifeknives，selfselves,leafleaves,loafloaves,wolfwolves等。但个别特殊词一般直接加s。如：chiefchiefs,roofroofs,beliefbeliefs,safesafes等。,(4)以-o结尾的有生命的名词，加-es。如：heroheroes,potatopotatoes,tomatotomatoes等。此外，一般直接加s。如：radioradios,zoozoos,photophotos,pianopianos等。,(5)不规则变化的有：manmen,womanwomen,footfeet,toothteeth,goosegeese,mousemice,childchildren,oxoxen等。(6)单复数同形的有：deer,fish,sheep,aircraft,spacecraft,means等。,2.名词的所有格 名词所有格表示所有关系，即“某某的”，名词所有格有以下几种情况：(1)不以s结尾的名词(单数或复数)，加s。如：Jacks e-mail杰克的电子邮件，childrens books儿童图书。,(2)以s结尾的复数名词，加。如：the girls dormitory女生宿舍,the teachers reading-room教师阅览室。(3)以s结尾的单数名词，加s或。如：our bosss(boss)car 我们老板的小汽车，Engelss(Engels)works 恩格斯的著作。,1.We will be exploring different _(approach)to gathering information.由different可知，“不同的方法”不止一种，故应当用复数，以-ch结尾的名词复数是在后面加-es。2.I broke the chocolate into _(half)and heres your half.句中break/cut sth.into halves意思是“把某物分成两半”。,approaches,halves,3.The sisters were treated as local _(hero)after rescuing a two-year-old boy from drowning.指The sisters，可知hero要用复数，hero,tomato,potato的复数形式是在后面加es。4.The club provides a wide variety of _(activity)including tennis,swimming and cycling.因被a wide variety of(多种多样的)修饰，故要用复数形式。,heroes,activities,5.Julie is one of those _(woman)who always keep up with the latest fashions.被those修饰，故要用复数形式。6.Her _(tooth)are false，but they look very natural.由are可知，tooth要用复数形式teeth。,women,teeth,7.The _(deer)in the forest are all dying off from disease.由are可知，deer要用复数，但deer,sheep等的复数形式与单数形式相同。8.He distinguished himself as a student at the _(city)leading school.在名词前作定语，表示“这个城市的”重点学校，故用其所有格形式。,deer,citys,9.A _(child)character is greatly influenced by his home environment.在名词前作定语，表示“孩子的”性格，故用其所有格形式。10.Sometimes they attribute their _(student)poor comprehension to a lack of intelligence.指他们的学生，student应用复数，“学生的”理解力差，故用所有格。,childs,students,THANK YOU!,