被动语态讲练课件 (2).ppt

,The Passive Voice 被动语态,榆树市第二实验中学 李淑杰,(一)语 态 分 类,英语动词有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。,一般现在时：am/is/are done一般过去时：was/were done现在进行时：am/is/are being done过去进行时：was/were being done现在完成时：have/has been done过去完成时：had been done一般将来时：shall/will be done;be going to be done当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 can/must/have tobe done,主变被解题步骤:,1.找宾语-即动作的承受者,They make shoes in that factory.,Shoes,2.判断宾语的单复数-即be动词的单复数.,arewere,3.判断动词的时态-即be动词的时态.,4.修改谓语的时态-即原句动词改为过去分词,made,5.修改原句的主语-即by+主语/宾语.,by them.,Tom broke the window.The window was broken by Tom.,Tom broke the windows.The windows were broken by Tom.,He broke the windows.The windows were broken by him.,四几种值得注意的被动语态变化,带复合宾语的被动语态结构,make sb.do sth.sb.be made to do sth.,Mr Green made Jim do his homework at home.,Jim was made to do his homework by Mr Green at home.,watch let have help feel hear see notice,2.see sb.doing sth.sb.be seen doing sth.,I saw him playing football at that moment.,He was seen playing football at that moment.,hear/watch/.,3 含宾语补足语的被动语态,They call her Lily She is called Lily by them.,Jim kept the window closed,The window was kept closed by Jim,Bob sent Kate a letter last year.,=Kate was sent a letter by Bob last year.,=A letter was sent to Kate by Bob last year.,tell ask bring write leave return send show throw write give teach pass lend,to,He told Jim a story.,4.含双宾语的被动语态,5.Mum made me a new dress.,I was made a new dress by Mum.A new dress was made for me by Mum.,make buy draw,for,I bought my brother a book.,注意:,John turned on the radio.,The radio was turned on.,Grandma takes care of my sister.,My sister is taken care of by Grandma.,注：千万不要遗漏介词或副词。,We must speak to old people politely.,Old people must be spoken to politely.,带介词或副词的不及物动词变被动语态时，介，副不能丢,6.They said that he would come back soon.,It was said that he would come back soon.,类似的还有：It is supposed that.It is said that 据说It is reported that 据报道 It is believed that大家相信It is hoped that大家希望It is well known that 众所周知It is thought that大家认为It is suggested that据建议,6.地点名词做主语，变被动语态不能改为“by+主语宾语“的形式，应改为”介词（on/in/at)+地点名词“This farm grows beautiful flowers.Beautiful flowers are grown on this farm.This school teaches English English is taught in/at this school,1).不及物动词没有被动语态。,如：belong,happen,take place,last,come true,remain,succeed,fall,die,arrive,等。,*Great changes have taken place in this city.,*That bike doesnt belong to Mike.,不用被动语态的几种情况：,2)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态,have/fit,I have a TV set.,The coat fits me well.,3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。【正】Look at the blackboard，please【误】The blackboard is looked at by you,5.反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。例如：【正】You must look after yourself【误】Yourself must be looked after,4.某些动词形式是主动，但含有被动的意思。,这书很好卖。,这种布很好洗。,The book sells well.,This kind of cloth washes very well.,这书卖完了。,The book is sold out.,这块表需要修理一下。,The watch needs mending.,=The watch needs to be mended.,=We need to mend the watch.,want,4.系动词没有被动态和进行时态,这鱼味道很好。,这条围巾摸上去很软。,The fish tastes good.,The scarf feels soft.,feel smelltaste sound,1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month.,are used,are,cleaned,(变被动语态）,七嘴八舌,_ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.,The ticket was found,was told,3.We found the ticket on the floor.,5.His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them.,was made to have,can be,used,7.Did you plant many trees at this time last year?_ _ _ _ at this time last time?8.Must we finish our work today?_ our work_ _ today?,Were many trees planted,Must be finished,9.The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1)_ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2)Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _.,we were given,were,given to us,10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.Tom _ _ to turn on the computer.11.In this factory women do most of the work.Most of the work _ _ by women in this factory.,was asked,is done,12.He can mend the bike in two days.The bike _ _ _ in two days.13.You must take this medicine three times a day.This medicine _ _ _ three times a day.,can be mended,must be,taken,14.The students in this school study German.German _ _ by the students in this school.15.Do they often talk about this question?_ this question often _ about _ _?,is studied,Is,talked,by them,1.The teacher showed me a picture I was showed a picture by the teacher.A picture was shown to me by the teacher 2.They made the city more beautiful.The city was made more beautiful by them.3.He saw a girl cross the street A girl was seen to cross the street.4.His father made him stay at home.He was made to stay at home by his father.5.My friends laughed at me all the time.I was laughed at by my friends all the time.,练习：请把下列主动句变为被动句1 The woman asked the policeman to come.2 The old man tells me a story on Sunday.3 Do they call him Jim?4 She sent me a collection last week.5 The teacher doesnt teach us math this term.6 Did Lily buy her sister a hat?7 We often hear him play the violin at home.The lazy boy didnt wash clothes yesterday.Students listen to the kind teacher carefully.10 When did your father took you to the park.,