直接引语与间接引语[tracy].ppt
Next page,Unit one Good Friend,直接引语与间接引语(Direct Speech and Indirect Speech),1.定义:A.直接引述别人的话,叫,“直接引语”。,B.用自己的话转述别人的话,叫,“间接引语”。,间接引语在多数情况下构成宾语从句。直接引语一般前后要加引号,间接引语不用引号。,2.例如:约翰说:“我喜欢看故事书。”(直接引语),John said,“I like reading story books.”,约翰说他喜欢看故事书。(间接引语),John said that he liked reading story books。,一.陈述句(Statements)直接引语如果是陈述句,变为间接引语时,用连词that引导。从句的人、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。1)人称的变化 他说:“我非常喜欢它。”他说他非常喜欢它。2)时态的变化 如主句的谓语动词是一般过去时,直接引语变间接引语时,从句的谓语动词在时态上要作相应的变化。如主句的谓语动词是现在时,从句的时态则无需变化。,He said,“I like it very much.”,He said that he liked it very much.,3)指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化,时态的变化,注意:(1)直接引语如果是客观真理,变为间接引语时,时态 不变。如:He said,“Light travels much faster than sound.”He said that light travels much faster than sound.“A friend in need is a friend indeed,”Mother said to me.Mother told me that a friend in need is a friend indeed.(2)如果在当地转述,here不必改为there,动词come 不必改为go。如果在当天转述,yesterdaytomorrow等时间状语也不必改变。,2.疑问句直接引语如果是疑问句,变为间接引语时,要吧疑问句语序改为陈述语序。句末用句号,主语的人称、时态和状语等也要作相应地变化。1)一般疑问句:直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语时,要用连词whether或if引导。主句中的谓语动词是said时,要改为asked,没有间接宾语的,可以家一个间接宾语(me,him,her,us ect)。(1)He said,“are you interested in English?”He asked me if I was interested in English.(2)He said,“Did you see him last night?”He asked me whether Ihad seen him the night before。2)特殊疑问句:直接引语如果是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语时,任用原来的疑问词引导。“What can I do for you?”he asked me。He asked me what he could do for me。,