牛津译林版单元复习学案(8B Unit8)word文档.doc

牛津译林版单元复习学案一般说来，“教师”概念之形成经历了十分漫长的历史。杨士勋（唐初学者，四门博士）春秋谷梁传疏曰：“师者教人以不及，故谓师为师资也”。这儿的“师资”，其实就是先秦而后历代对教师的别称之一。韩非子也有云：“今有不才之子师长教之弗为变”其“师长”当然也指教师。这儿的“师资”和“师长”可称为“教师”概念的雏形，但仍说不上是名副其实的“教师”，因为“教师”必须要有明确的传授知识的对象和本身明确的职责。 (8B Unit 8)这个工作可让学生分组负责收集整理,登在小黑板上,每周一换。要求学生抽空抄录并且阅读成诵。其目的在于扩大学生的知识面,引导学生关注社会,热爱生活,所以内容要尽量广泛一些,可以分为人生、价值、理想、学习、成长、责任、友谊、爱心、探索、环保等多方面。如此下去,除假期外,一年便可以积累40多则材料。如果学生的脑海里有了众多的鲜活生动的材料,写起文章来还用乱翻参考书吗? 基础自测观察内容的选择，我本着先静后动，由近及远的原则，有目的、有计划的先安排与幼儿生活接近的，能理解的观察内容。随机观察也是不可少的，是相当有趣的，如蜻蜓、蚯蚓、毛毛虫等，孩子一边观察，一边提问，兴趣很浓。我提供的观察对象，注意形象逼真，色彩鲜明，大小适中，引导幼儿多角度多层面地进行观察，保证每个幼儿看得到，看得清。看得清才能说得正确。在观察过程中指导。我注意帮助幼儿学习正确的观察方法，即按顺序观察和抓住事物的不同特征重点观察，观察与说话相结合，在观察中积累词汇，理解词汇，如一次我抓住时机，引导幼儿观察雷雨，雷雨前天空急剧变化，乌云密布，我问幼儿乌云是什么样子的，有的孩子说：乌云像大海的波浪。有的孩子说“乌云跑得飞快。”我加以肯定说“这是乌云滚滚。”当幼儿看到闪电时，我告诉他“这叫电光闪闪。”接着幼儿听到雷声惊叫起来，我抓住时机说：“这就是雷声隆隆。”一会儿下起了大雨，我问：“雨下得怎样?”幼儿说大极了，我就舀一盆水往下一倒，作比较观察，让幼儿掌握“倾盆大雨”这个词。雨后，我又带幼儿观察晴朗的天空，朗诵自编的一首儿歌：“蓝天高，白云飘，鸟儿飞，树儿摇，太阳公公咪咪笑。”这样抓住特征见景生情，幼儿不仅印象深刻，对雷雨前后气象变化的词语学得快，记得牢，而且会应用。我还在观察的基础上，引导幼儿联想，让他们与以往学的词语、生活经验联系起来，在发展想象力中发展语言。如啄木鸟的嘴是长长的，尖尖的，硬硬的，像医生用的手术刀样，给大树开刀治病。通过联想，幼儿能够生动形象地描述观察对象。 一、词汇拓展1. dig ( vt.)_ (n.) 挖掘2. serious（adj.）_（adv.）严重地；严肃地_ (n )严重性3. wise (adj.)_（adj. ）（反义词）不明智的_(adv.)明智地_(n.)智慧4. separate（vt.vt.）_（adj.）分开的_（n. ）分离5. allow ( vt.) _（adj.）允许的6. punish ( vt.) _（adj.）被处罚的_（adj.）严厉的，打击沉重的_ (n. )处罚7. produce (vt.) _（n.）产品_（n.）生产，产生_(adj.）多产的8. difference (n.)_（adj.）差异的，不同的9. pollute (v.) _（adj.）受污染的_（n.）污染10. harm (vt.)_(adj.)有害的_（adj.）（反义词）有利的_ （n.）利益，好处 11. living（adj.）_（vt.&vi. ）生活_（adj.）活着的_（adj.）活泼的，生劝的 二、短语归纳1. 关上（开关）_2. 保护环境 _3. 被分成不同的小组 _4. 砍倒 _5. 扔垃圾 _6. 依靠，依赖_7. 有影响，起作用 _8. 刷牙 _9. 某人尽力做某事 _10.在正确位置 _11. 结果 _12. 寻找信息 _13. be good for _14. air pollution _15. used to do sth. _16. take the underground _17. all over the country _18. allow sb. to do sth. _19. in a public place _20. run out _21. all around the world _22. be harmful to _23. provide home for animals _24. take actions _三、句型再现1. Here are the results of the survey. , . （本句是以here开头的倒装句，其谓语动词可为be. come，9Q等动词。相同用法的单词还有there。）(1)这是找你的零钱。 _ _ your change.(2 )邮差来了！ _ _the postman! 2. Recycling is also a good way to help reduce pollution. （is a good way+不定式表示“是做的一个好办法”）(1) 深呼吸是减少压力的好办法。 _. (2) Watching television is not a good way to use your free time. _要点聚焦一、词汇精讲1. cause vt. 导致；造成课文 : More and more families own cars and this causes serious air pollution. 现在越来越多的家庭拥有私家车，这也造成了非常严重的环境污染。拓展：cause n. 原因，起因辨析：cause，reasoncause意为“原因，起因”，是造成一种现实或现象的原因；用法为the cause of sth. ，表示“的原因”，是不可数名词。reason意为“原因，起因”，是说明一种看法或行为的理由。用法为the reason for sth. ，表示“的原因”，可作可数名词也可作不可数名词，reason之后可以接why引导的定语从句，丽cause不可以。 Tell me the cause of fire. 告诉我发生火灾的原因。 There are many reasons why we should accept his views. 我们有许多应该接受他的看法的理由。活学巧用在reason和cause中选择正确的词语填空Tell me the _ for your absence.That is the _ why he was late.Carelessness is often the _ of fire.相约中考(2019.泰州) Dont think that our mistakes are _ (cause) by others.2. allow vt. 允许课文：We are not allowed to cut down trees. 我们不被允许去砍树。辨析 : allow, let, promiseallow意为“允许，许可”一般指听任或默许某人去做什么，含有消极地不反对的意味；let意为“允许，让”它可以指积极地允许，但着重指不予反对和阻止，其后所跟的宾语要接不带to的不定式。用以表示客气的请求时，可与allow通用，且更具口语色彩； promise意为“答应，允诺”用于承诺或答应要做什么的场合。She is not allowed to eat meat and candies.她被禁止吃肉和糖果。They promised that the work would be finished by next week. 他们承诺下个星期可以完成工作。The secretary let me into the office.秘书让我进办公室。活学巧用从promise，let，allow中选择恰当的单词并用其正确的形式填空 I will _him to do so. I_ him to finish the task this week. Please _ me know what happened.相约中考(2019.南京) People arent _(允许) to eat food on the underground in Nanjing from the next month.3. living adj. 活着的，活的课文：If we don't act to improve the environment, more living things will be killed by pollution. 如果我们不做出行动来提高环境质量，那么更多的生物将死于环境污染。辨析：live，lively，alive，livinglive意为“活的，有生命的；现场直播的”可用作定语，放在表示物的名词之前，一般不指人。lively意为“活泼的，活跃的，充满生气的”用作定语或表语，既可指人，也可指物。alive意为“活着的，有生气的”是表语性形容词，既可指人，也可指物，常和Iiving互换，当alive用作定语时，一般应放在所修饰的名词之后，alive还可用作宾语补足语。living意为“活的；在实施的；现存的” 。主要用作定语，修饰名词（人和物均可），常置于所修饰的名词之前，有时也置其后，living也可用作表语，living前加定冠词the，可用作复数名词，意为“活着的人们”。 He is lively, clever and outgoing. 他活泼、聪明且外向。 She doesn't know if he is alive or dead. 她不知道他是死是活。 Is her father living? 她的父亲还活着吗？活学巧用 这个老人过着舒适的生活。This old man_ _ in comfort. 谁是当今活着的最伟大的人物? _ ( ) We will give you _ reports of the World Cup. A. live B. alive C. living D. lively ( ) All_ things can not live without air or water. A. live B. living C. lively D. alive相约中考：（2019.徐州） My best friend Vivien _(live) there.(2019.扬州) My grandmother _ in Yangzhou. She was born there and has never lived anywhere else. A. lived B. livesC. was living D. will live 二、句型突破1. Will more trees be planted this year?今年将会种更多的树吗？点津：本句是一般将来时的被动语态。可以用来描述将要被做的动作。句中的谓语动词要用动词的过去分词形式。一般将来时的被动语态的构成：肯定式主语+will be done; be going to be done否定式主语+will/shall not be done; be not going to be done 一般疑问句Will/Shall+主语+be done? Be+主语+going to be done?特殊疑问句疑问词+will / shall+主语+be done? 疑问词+be+主语+going to be done? Apple trees will be planted by us tomorrow. 我们明天将会去种苹果树。 The new film isn't going to be shown in our city. 那部电影下周不在我们城市放映。活学巧用这个图书馆将在下个月竣工。（翻译句子） _这条路什么时候通车？ _ _ the road _opened to traffic? Are we going to be invited to attend the meeting? (翻译句子）_2. What should we do to live a green life, class? 同学们，要过绿色生活我们应该怎么做？点津：本句是动词不定式作目的状语，句中to live a green life表示目的。为了使目的更加明确或表示强调意义时，还可以在前面加in order to或so as to。 They started early in order to get there on time. 为了能按时赶到那里，他们很早就出发了。 We'll sit in the front so as to hear better. 我们要坐在前面，以便能听得更清楚。活学巧用我坐在车的前面以便有一个更好的视野。I sat in front of the bus_ _ a good view.为了赶上他的同学，他学习更加努力了。（翻译句子） _3. Some of the clothes are sold in charity shops, some are given to the poor, and others are sent to factories for recycling. 一些衣服放在慈善店里出售，一些送给穷人，还有一些送到工厂循环再生产。点津：本句用到关联句型some. some and others表示“一些，一些，还有一些。” In our school, some students like football, some like basketball, and others are fond of tennis. 在我们学校，一些学生喜欢足球，一些喜欢篮球，还有一些喜欢网球。活学巧用一些学生在安静地看书，一些在做笔记，还有一些在网上查资料。（翻译句子） _易错防范一、live. living. alive的用法辨析·典例呈现·( ) She was still _when I reached the hospital. A. alive B. live C. living D. lively【答案】A【易错剖析】live，living，alive三者都有“活的，有生命的”意思，但live通常只作前置定语，且一般用于动物；alive和living可以作定语，但是alive 一般置于名词之后，living 一般置于名词之前，如：This is a fish alive. (This is a living fish.)二、allow和let的用法辨析·典例呈现· ( )You are very lucky if he will _ you come in without a ticket. A. allow B. promise C. let D. get【答案】C【易错剖析】allow和let二者都有“让；允许”的意思，但let为使役动词，通常的用法为“let sb do sth.”；而allow的用法为“allow sb. to do sth.”或“allow doing sth.”。三、will be done和be going to be done的用法辨析·典例呈现· ( ) A meeting_ by us in an hour. A. will be held B. is going to be held C. will hold D. is going to hold【答案】B【易错剖析】will be done和be going to be done二者均有“将要被”的意思，但.be going to be done通常表示事先经过考虑，安排好即将要做的事或根据目前某种迹象判断，某事可能会被做。而will be则单纯的表示未来将要被做的动作。另外，be going to则强调主观意愿，will be强调客观现象。巩固训练一、单项填空( )1. As we all know, many heart problems are caused _smoking. A. for B. by C. with D. to( )2.- -Do you think it is _ of Jim not to eat meat for three days a week? -Yes. It is' good for both the environment and his health. A. rude B. friendlyC. wise D. important( ) 3. -It's .a pity that I missed the show of Qj Baishi's paintings. -Well, you have a second chance. They _ sometime next month.A. will display B. are going to display C. were displayed D. will be displayed( )4. The little girl was crying because .her mother didn't allow her _the ice-cream.A. eat B. eatsC. to eat D. ate( )5. - My mobile phone has_ of power. -Really? Then you can use mine. Don't worry. A. run out B run away C. run into D. run on( )6. Without enough trees, soil won't be kept _. And then sandstorms may happen A. in place B. in the place C. on place D. on the place( )7. -Burning rubbish in the open air will certainly _ much pollution. -Yes. Rubbish should be recycled.A. provide B. protect C. prevent D. produce( )8. -We can save water by taking shorter showers. -_, turning off the tap when brushing teeth is also a good way. A. However B. Moreover C. Otherwise D. For example( )9. -There's too much salt in the Chinese diet. -So there is. The WHO says only l. 5 grams of salt _for each man every day. A. are needed B is needed C. will need D. has needed( )10. -The government is thinking of building a bridge across the lake. -I hope they will think about it carefully. The environment will be _ if there is too much traffic. A protected B. produced C. prevented D. polluted( ) ll. The flu (流感) is _that people are _ go to public. A. so harmful; not warned to B. such harmful; warned not to C. very harmful; not warned D. so harmful; warned not to( )12. -Will you plant trees tomorrow morning? -_. We will go if the weather is fine. A. That's true B. Of course C. No problem D. It depends( )13. Tina is _ active girl. We all say she's _only proper girl to be our group leader. A. a; / B. an; the C. an; / D. the; the( )14._our bus; we'll have to wait for the next. A. Does there B. It goes C. There goes D. Does it go二、词汇运用A. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空l. I become a volunteer because I want to make a _(different) both to my life and to the world.2. Children should be taught how to spend their pocket money _(wise). 3. Tom was riding too _ (careless) . As a result, his bike rushed into the river. 4. There is an _(organize) called "Green Hope working to protect the environment in our town.5. Our government release the law _ (allow) people use their rights.B、选词填空： recycle waste plastic cut down that way limit6. Now, most supermarkets in China have stopped providing shoppers with free _ bags.7. The sky in our town is clear and blue. We should try our best to keep it _.8. We can help to protect the environment by _. 9. We won't have a clear sky if air 'pollution is not_.10. After trees are _, soil 'will be washed away by rain water easily.三、根据上下文完成句子( Li Lei and Wang Peng are talking about the way of saving water. )L: (1) _.W: Yes. We should use our water carefully and not waste it. (2) _L: We can help save water by doing many simple things like turning off the tap while (3) _W: Taking short showers saves even more water.L: Saving water is good for the environment. (4) _W: I hope so too.答案：基础自测一、1. digging 2.seriously; seriousness 3.unwise; wisely; wisdom4. separated; separation 5.allowed 6. punished; punishing; punishment 7.product; production; productive 8.different 9. polluted. pollution 10. harmful; beneficial; benefit 11. live; alive; lively二、1. turn off 2.protect the environment 3.be separated into different groups 4.cut down 5.drop litter 6.depend on/upon 7.make a difference 8.brush teeth 9.try one's best to do sth. 10. keep in place 11. as a result 12. look for information 13.对有好处14.空气污染 15.过去常常做某事 16. 乘地铁 17. 全国范围内 18. 允许某人做某事19. 在公共场合20.用完，耗尽21.世界各地22. 对有害 23. 为动物提供家园 24. 采取措施三、1.(1) Here is (2)There comes 2.(1) Deep breathing is a good way to reduce stress. (2)看电视并不是一个利用你空闲时间的好办法。要点聚焦一、1.reason reason cause caused 2.allow promised let allowed 3.is living.Who is the greatest man alive? A B lives B二、1.The library will be set up next month. When will; be我们将会被邀请参加会议吗？2. to haveHe studies hard in order to catch up with his classmates. 3.Some are reading books, some students are taking notes, and others are searching for information on the Internet. 巩固训练 一、1. B 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. A 7 D 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. D 12. D 13. B 14. C二.A: 1. difference 2. wisely 3. carelessly 4. organization 5. to allowB: 6. plastic 7. that way 8. recycling waste 9. limited 10. cut down三.(1)Water is very important for all living things. (2)Could you give your advice on saving water? (3)We brush our teeth. (4)1 hope all of us try our best to save water.第 8 页