形容词的原级和比较级.ppt

1.什么是形容词的原级？表示修饰两种东西的程度是一样的,用as.as表示原级，译为:“和一样”。2.什么是形容词的比较级？表示两者相比，一个比另一个更，有比较级的句中有than,且仅限于两者比较。,形容词的原级和比较级,原级和比较级区分程度的不同：,原级是说明两个人物或事物的程度是一样。比较级是区分两个人物或事物的程度不一样。,This tree is as_ as that tree.,The green bag is as _as the red.,This pen is as _ as that pen.,tall,big,long,原级,讲述某人或某物自身情况时用原级。基本句型：主语+谓语+形容词/副词原级+.He is very old now.他现在很老了。They ran quite fast.它们跑得相当快。The weather looks rather bad.天气看上去相当糟 I am so happy.我是如此的快乐。,原级的用法,表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型：主语(第一个人物)+谓语动词+as+形容词/副词原级+as+第二个人物+.如：He is as excited as his younger sister.他和他妹妹一样兴奋。Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady.莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢。They picked as many apples as the farmers(did).他们摘的苹果和农民一样多。,表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型:主语(第一个人物)+谓语动词(否定式)+as/so+形容词/副词原级+as Heisnotso/asexcitedashisyoungersister.他没他妹妹那么兴奋。Lilydidnotrideherbikeso/asslowlyasan oldlady.莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢。Theydidntpickso/asmanyapplesasthe farmers(did).他们摘的苹果不如农民多。,Yao Ming is Jordan.,Jordan,226cm,198cm,taller than,Yaoming,tall,taller,Jordan is tall.,比较级,￥20,￥30,cheap,cheaper,The pink dress is cheap.,The black dress is _the pink one.,cheaper than,The red car is cute.The blue car_ the red car.(蓝车比红车更可爱）,is cuter than,The red apple is big.,The green apple is _the red one.,bigger than,56.1kg,heavy,58kg,Garfield is heavy.Doraemon is _ Garfield.,heavier,heavier than,Garfield,Doraemon,short,-,shorter,small,-,smaller,nice,nicer,safe,safer,-,-,-,-,-,-,big,thin,heavy,heavier,happy,happier,找规律：,big,bigger,thin,thinner,大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：原级、比较级、最高级。一、形容词比较级的构成 1.不规则变化:2.规则变化:,形容词和副词的比较级,1.构成的不规则变化:e.g.good/well better best bad/badly worse worst many/much more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest,2.构成的规则变化:1)单音节词和少数双音节词一般在词尾 后加-er 构成比较级 或-est构成最高级.如：原级 比较级 最高级 cold colder coldest bright brighterbrightest young younger youngest,2)以字母 e 结尾的词只加 r 或-st 构成 比较级和最高级。原级 比较级 最高级 nice nicer nicest fine finer finest large larger largest,3)重读闭音节词末尾只有一个辅音字母时,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-er或-est。如:big bigger biggest thin thinner thinnest 4)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先改y为i,再加-er或-est。如：easy easier easiest happy happier happiest,5)多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more 或most。如：delicious more delicious most delicious interesting more interesting most interesting importantmore important most important,形容词比较级形式的记忆口诀,比较级，有变化，一般词尾加er；词尾不发音e简单化，之后另把r加。辅音字母+y型，改y为i加er；一辅重读闭音节，词尾字母应双写。双、多音节更容易，之前加more就可以。“俩好”（good/well）是better，“俩多”（many/much）是more。“坏、病”（bad/ill）是worse；“老、远”（old/far）变化有两个。farfather强调距离远；futher强调程度深oldolder指年龄的大小；elder指亲兄弟、姐妹间的长幼关系。littleless,讲述两者有差异,第一个人物超过第二个人 物时用比较级。基本句型：主语(A)+谓语动词+形容词/副词比较级+than+主语(B)+.e.g.Amoderntrainisfasterthanacar.现代的火车比轿车快多了。Thisbookdidntcostmemorethanthatone.这本书花费我的钱不比那本多。,比较级的用法,在形容词比较级前还可用much,even,still,a little来修饰,表示“的多”,“甚至”,“更”,“一些”。e.g.1)This city is much more beautiful than before.2)Shes a little more outgoing than me.3)Its a little colder today.,3.“比较级and比较级”意为“越来越”。多音节比较级用“more and more形容词原级”形式。如：Its getting worse and worse.The group became more and more popular.,4.“Which/Who is+比较级？”比较A、B两事物,问其中哪一个较时用此句型。如：Which T-shirt is nicer,this one or that one?Who is more active,Mary or Kate?Which one is more popular among students,going to concerts or going to movies?,5.使用形容词比较级时需注意以下几点：1)than后面接代词时,一般要用主格形式，但在口语中也可使用宾格形式。如：My brother is taller than I/me.2)当需要表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much,a lot,a little,a bit,even,still等来修饰形容词比较级。注意:比较级不能用very,so,too,quite等修饰。如：He is much more serious than Sam.,3)形容词比较级后面往往用连词than连接另一个比较的人或事物,但在上下文明确的情况下,形容词比较级可单独使用。如：My sister is tall,but my aunt is taller.我姐姐个子高,但我姑姑个子更高。4)进行比较的人和物必须是同一类。My books are more than yours.I have more books than you.,形容词的原级和比较级,1.形容词的原级即形容词原型形式，常用于very,so,quite,too之后，还用于句型asas（和一样）以及not so/asas（不如）。表达“A和B一样”公式：A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as+B A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as+B例：I am as tall as you.He runs as fast as I.,表达“A不如B”用not asas的结构。公式：A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as+BA+助动词的否定形式+动词+as+副词原级+as+B例：I am not as tall as you.He doesnt run as fast as I.,2.形容词的比较级常用于两者之间进行比较，表示其中一个比另一个“更”或“较”，后用连词than连接另一个所比较的人或物。表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。公式：A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B例：I am taller than you.He runs faster than I.在上下文明确的情况下，形容词比较级也可单独使用。例：This book is old.Can you give me a newer one?,形容词比较级的用法,比较级之前加much,far,a bit,a little,even,still,a lot等词或短语修饰，用以加强语气。e.g.She is a little fatter than me.“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越”e.g.It gets colder and colder when the winter is coming.“The+比较级+句子，the+比较级+句子”表示“越，就越”e.g.The more we have,the more we want.,“the+比较级+of the two”表示“两个中比较的”。e.g.This apple is the bigger of the two.名词+介词短语+be+比较级+than+that(those)+介词短语。e.g.The weather in Beijing is hotter than that in Shanghai.“比较级+than any other+单数名词”表示“比其他的任何都”。e.g.China is larger than any other country in Asia.,表示“大几岁、高多少”等时，常用“数量词+比较级+than”句型。e.g.She is three years older than I.“Which/Who is+比较级，A or B?”e.g.Which is easier,English or Chinese?,Exercise,一 将下列形容词变成比较级形式：,old fat young ugly high low light white sunny hot cool,older,fatter,younger,uglier,higher,lower,lighter,whiter,sunnier,hotter,cooler,二、词汇,1.Im tall but my sister is _(short).2.My mother has long hair,and my sister has _(long)hair.3.This little baby is _(outgoing)than that one.,shorter,longer,more outgoing,6.Lucy is very short,but she is _ than her sister.A.shorter B.longer C.taller D.older 7.Frank is _ friendly than his brother.A.a little more B.a few more C.much D.a little 8.Sam is _at Chinese than Jim.A.good B.well C.better D.gooder,C,A,C,9.This one is too large.Can you show me a _one?A.larger B.large C.small D.smaller 10.Do you think March is _than January?Yes,its _ warmer.A.better,a little B.well,much C.worse,very D.nicer,quite,D,A,