九年级英语Units1-15知识点和短语汇总.doc

阿克陶县实验中学 （精品） 新目标九年级英语单元知识点、短语及句型总结 42-42Unit 1一、知识点1.check in : 在旅馆的登记入住。 check out: 在旅馆结账离开。2.by: 通过.方式（途径）。例：I learn English by listening to tapes.在.旁边。例：by the window/the door 乘坐交通工具 例：by bus/car 在之前，到为止。例：by October在10月前 被 例：English is spoken by many people.3.how与what的区别： how通常对方式或程度提问，意思有：“怎么样”、“如何”，通常用来做状语、表语。 what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问,意思为 “什么”，通常做宾语，主语。 How is your summer holiday? Its OK.(how表示程度 做表语)How did you travel around the world? I travel by air. (how 表方式)What do you learn at school? I learn English, math and many other subjects. What do you think of China? =How do you like China? 你认为中国怎样？ What do you do with? = How do you deal with? 你如何处理-？ What do you like about?= How do you like? 关于-你喜欢-？ Whats the weather like today? =Hows the weather today? 今天的天气如何？ What to do? =How to do it? 怎么做？做什么？e.g. What do you think of this book?=How do you like this book? I dont know what I should do with the matter.=I dont know how I should deal with it. What do you like about China?=How do you like China? 你喜欢中国的什么 I dont know what to do next step?=I dont know how to do it next step? What good / bad weather it is today!（weather为不可数名词，其前不能加 a ） What a fine / bad day it is today! （day为可数名词，其前要加 a ） 4. aloud, loud与loudly的用法 : 三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大,常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。(read aloud 朗读)loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。5. voice 指“人的嗓音” 也指 “鸟鸣”。 sound 指人可以听到的各种声音。 noise 指噪音、吵闹声6. find + 宾语 + 宾补（名词、形容词、介词短语、分词等） 例：I find him friendly.(adj) I found him working in the garden.(doing分词)We found him in bed.(prep phrase) He found the window closed.(adj)We found her honest.(adj)7. 常见的系动词有： 是：am 、is、 are 保持：keep、 stay 转变：become、 get、 turn 起来 feel(摸越来-)、 look（看越来-）、 smell（闻越来-）、 taste(尝越来-)、 sound(听越来-)8. get + 宾语+宾补（形容词、 过去分词、现在分词、 动词不定式） 其意“使某种情况发生”例：Get the shoes clean. 把鞋擦干净 （形容词） Get Mr. Green to come. 让格林先生进来 （不定式）I want to get my bike repaired. 我想去修自行车 （过去分词）You cant get him waiting. 你不能让他老等着 （现在分词）9. 动词不定式做定语与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系The next train to arrive was from New York. 下一列到达的火车是从纽约开来的（train与to arrive有主谓关系，火车到达）He is always the first to come. 他总是第一个来的与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系I have nothing to say. 我无话可说 (构成动宾关系to say nothing)I need a pen to write with.我需写的笔（构成动宾关系to write with a pen）I need some paper to write on.我需写的纸 I dont have a room to live in.我没有住的房间10. practice , fun 做名词为不可数名词 11. add 补充说 又说12. join 加入某团体 并成为其中一员 attend 出席参加会议或讲座 join in与take part in指参加到某项活动中去。13.all、 both、 always以及every复合词与not连用构成部分否定。其完全否定为：all-none, both-neither, alwaysnever, everything-nothing, everybody-nobody.14. be afraid of doing sth. / sth. 害怕- be afraid of being alonebe afraid to do sth. 害怕 做-be afraid that从句 恐怕担心，表示委婉语气be afraid of=be terrified of 15.either：adv.放在否定句末表示“也”. If she wont go, I wont, either   If she wont go, neither shall I 要是她不去，我也不去。 adj,两者中的“任一-”,后接单n. You may use either book两本书你可以随便用一本pron, 作主语时谓语动词用单数，either表示“二者之一”， Either of the knives is useful 两把刀都有用作连词。eitheror不是就是 ；或者或者.引导主语部分，谓语动词按照就近原则 Either my parents or Lucy is coming 不是我的父母来，就是露西来neitheradv，通常用在句子的开头，表示“-也不”，其后要用倒装语序neither+助动词(肯定式)、情态动词、连系动词be+主语（即：前句的否定情况适合于另一个人，常用此句式）（neither用于简略答语时，结构为主语+neither）。注意助动词为肯定形式e.g.1, Kate doesn't like him  Me,either.（中间有逗号）= Neither do I.= Me neither(中间无逗号)kate不喜欢他，我也不喜欢  2.If she wont go, I wont, either   If she wont go, neither shall I 要是她不去，我也不去adj,两者中的“任一都不”，“两者都不”,后接单n； Neither answer is right 两个答案都不对 pron, neither of +n/pron作主语时V用单数，且是肯定形式。neither表“两者都不”，其反义词是both(both 作主语时v用复数)。 Neither of them is in good health, but both work very hard.他们两人身体都不好，但都努力地工作。作连词. neithernor既不也不-，引导主语部分，谓语动词按照就近原则 Neither my parents nor Lucy is coming  我的父母和露西都不会来plete “完成”，是个较正式的词，后不能接动名词 finish指日常事物的完成 finish doing sth 做完某事17.a, an 与序数词连用表示“又一”，“再一”。 例：Please give me a second apple. 请再给我一个苹果 (暗指第二个) There comes a fifth girl. 又来了一个女孩（暗指第五个）18.have trouble/ difficulty/ problems (in) doing. 干.遇到麻烦，困难 =have a hard/ difficult time (in) doing sth 19.unless “除非”， “如果不”，等于“if not”,本身就表示否定，引导条件状语从句.如主句为将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。 例：My baby sister doesnt cry unless shes hungry. =My baby sister doesnt cry if she isnt hungry.Unless you take more care, youll have an accident.如果你不多加小心的话，你会出事的。20.instead: adv. 代替，更换。 例：We have no coffee, would you like tea instead？（=instead of coffee） 我们没有咖啡了，改喝茶好吗？It will take days by car, so lets fly instead. (=instead of driving a car)开车去要好几天呢，咱们还是坐飞机吧。Tom was ill, so I went instead.(=instead of Tom)汤姆病了，所以换了我去。instead of doing sth. 作为某人或某事物的替换例：Lets play cards instead of watching TV. 咱们用打牌来替换看电视We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes. 有时我们吃米饭而不吃土豆Give me the red one instead of the green one. 把红色的给我不要绿色的21.spoken “口头的，口语的”。spoken English 口头英语 speaking “讲话的，说某种语言的”。Speaking skills讲英语的能力an English-speaking country 一个讲英语的国家I want to travel, especially to English-speaking countries such as the United States and Australia22. 提建议的句子：What/ how about +doing sth.? 做某事怎么样？ 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you +do sth.? 为什么不做某事？如：Why dont you go shopping? Why not+ do sth. ? 为什么不做某事？ 如：Why not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 咱们做某事吧。 如： Lets go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.? 我们做某事，好吗？ 如：Shall we/ I go shopping?23. a lot 许多 常用于句末 如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 Thanks a lot 多谢 a lot of +n 许多-， 后必接n. a lot of books24. tooto 太而不能 常用的句型 too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：Im too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。never too +adj/adv(原级)+to do sth 并不太-，所以能- Its never too late to mend 亡羊补牢，未为晚也 One is never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老25. not at all = not -in the slightest ,一点也不 根本不 如：I like milk very much. I dont like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾26.be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth. = be excited to do sth. 对感兴奋 如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.= I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。27. end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事,以做某事告终 The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 end up with sth. 以结束 如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。28. first of all 首先. to begin with = at first 一开始, 起初 later on 后来、随后29. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间（系v后，行为v前） either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末 =as well 30. make mistakes 犯错 make a mistake 犯一个错误 mistake sb. for 把错认为 make mistakes (in) doing sth. 在干某事方面出错 by mistake 错误地；由于搞错 mistake-mistook-mistaken如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。 I mistook him for his brother.我错把他认成了他的哥哥。make a mistake 犯一个错误 如： I have made a mistake. 我已经犯了一个错误。31. laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑（某人） 如：Dont laugh at me!不要取笑我!32. take notes 做笔记，做记录 33. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做乐意做 如：She enjoys playing football. 她喜欢踢足球。 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 如：He enjoyed himself. 他过得愉快。34. native speaker 说本族语的人35. one of +(the+ 形容词最高级)+名词复数形式 ， “ 其中之一”如： She is one of the most popular teachers. 她是最受欢迎的教师之一。36. Its +形容词+(for sb. ) to do sth. (对于某人来说)做某事 如：Its difficult (for me ) to study English.对于我来说学习英语太难了。句中的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是to study English=To study English is difficult for me.37. practice doing 练习做某事 如： She often practice speaking English. 她经常练习说英语。38. decide to do sth.=make a decision to do sth 决定做某事 如： LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing . 李雷已经决定去北京。39. deal with 处理 如：I dealt with a lot of problems.40. worry about sb./ sth.= be worried about sb/sth 担心某人/ 某事 如：Mother worried about his son just now. 妈妈刚才担心他的儿子。41. be angry with sb. 对某人生气; be angry about sth 对某事生气，如： I was angry with her. 我对她生气。42. perhaps = maybe 也许43. go by (时间) 过去 如： Two years went by. 两年过去了。 Two years is a long time两年是很长的时间(注：时间two years作主语，v用单数)44. see sb. / sth. doing sth 看见某人正在做某事(doing 常为延续性的)， 强调正在发生see sb. / sth. do sth 看见某人做了某事（do常为结束性的） ，强调发生过了。如： 如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她看见他正在教室里画画。45. each other 彼此 46. regard as 把看作为. 如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool. 这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜。47. too many“许多”修饰可数名词如：too many girls too much“许多”修饰不可数名词 如：too much milk too much “太多”， 放在v后，eat too much 吃太多 much too“太”,修饰形容词 如：much too beautiful48. changeinto将变为; 将.译成.如：The magician changed the pen into a book. 这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书。49. with the help of sb. = with ones help 在某人的帮助下 如：with the help of LiLei = with LiLeis help 在李雷的帮助下 with the help of them =with their help 在他们的帮助下50. compare to 把与相比如：Compare you to Anna, you are lucky.你和安娜相比，你是幸运的。二、短语：1.by making flashcards 通过做单词抽认卡 2. askfor help 向某人求助3.read aloud 朗读 4.that way (=in that way) 通过那种方式5.improve my speaking skills 提高我的会话技巧 6.for example (=for instance)例如7.have fun 玩得高兴 8.have conversations with friends 与朋友对话9.get excited 高兴，激动 10.end up speaking in Chinese 以说汉语结束对话11.do a survey about 做有关的调查 12.keep an English notebook 记英语笔记13.spoken English (= oral English) 英语口语 14.make mistakes 犯错误15.get the pronunciation right 使发音准确 16.practise speaking English 练习说英语 17.first of all 首先 =first 18.begin with 以开始 =at first19.later on随后 20.in class在课堂上21.laught at 嘲笑 22.take notes 记笔记23.enjoy doing 喜欢干 24.write down 写下，记下25.look up 查找，查询 26.native speakers 说本族话的人27.make up 编造，虚构，化妆，打扮 28.around the world 全世界29.deal with 对待，处理，解决 30.worry about (=be worried about) 担心，担忧31.be angry with 生某人的气 32.stay angry 生气33.go by 消逝 34. regardas 把当做plain about/of 抱怨 36. changeinto 把变成 （= turn .into.）37.with the help of 在的帮助下 38. compareto (with) 把和作比较39.think of (=think about) 想起，想到 40.physical problems身体上的问题41.break off 中断，突然终止 42. notat all 根本不，全然不三、句子1.How do you study for a test? 你怎样为考试做准备？2.I have learned a lot that way. 用那种方法，我已经学到了很多东西。3.Its too hard to understand the voice. 听懂那些声音太难了。4.Memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little.记流行歌曲的词也起作用。5. Wei Ming feels differently. 卫明有不同的感受。6.He finds watching movies frustrating. (find+n+adj ) 他觉得看电影让人感到沮丧.7.She added that having conversations with friends was not helpful at all. 她又说和朋友对话根本没用。(was 与having conversations with friends保持一致，因doing sth作主语，动词用单数)8.I dont have a partner to practice English with. 我没有搭档一起练习英语。9.Later on, I realized that it doesnt matter if you dont understand every word.随后，我认识到听不懂每个词并没有关系。10.Its amazing how much this helped. 我惊异于这些方法竟如此有用。11.My teacher is very impressed. 给老师留下了深刻的印象。12.She had trouble making complete sentences. 她很难造出完整的句子。13.What do you think you are doing? 你在做什么？14.Most people speak English as a second language. 英语对于大多数人来说是第二语言。15.How do we deal with our problem? 我们怎样处理我们的问题？16.It is our duty to try our best to deal with each challenge in our education with the help of our teachers. 在老师的帮助下尽我们最大的努力来应对挑战是我们的责任。He cant walk or even speak.他无法走路，甚至无法说话Unit 2一、知识点1. used to “过去常常做某事”,暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态. 后跟动词原形. used to do sth. There used to be .（反意疑问句）didnt there?否定形式为: didnt use to 或 usednt to疑问形式为: Diduse to? 或 Usedto?be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于”, to 为介词.be used to do sth “被用来做.”2. wear “穿着”，表示状态. =be in +颜色的词 put on “穿上”， 表示动作. dress +sb人 “给某人穿衣服”. get dressed =dress oneself 给自己穿衣服have on “穿着，戴着”，表示状态（不用于进行时态）have on black shoes穿着黑鞋子3. on the swim team on 是的成员,在供职.4. Dont you remember me? 否定疑问句.（考点）(注意yes,no的意义) Yes, I do. 不, 我记得. No, I dont 是的, 我不记得了.5. 反意疑问句: 陈述部分的主语为 this, that, 疑问部分主语用it; 陈述部分主语用 these, those, 疑问部分用they 做主语.例: This is a new story, isnt it? Those are your parents, arent they? 陈述部分是 there be 结构, 疑问部分仍用 there例: There was a man named Paul, wasnt there? I am 后的疑问句, 用arent I 例: I am in Class 2, arent I? 陈述部分与含有否定词“ not, no, never, few, little, hardly, seldom, neither, none” 等词时,疑问部分用肯定形式.例: Few people liked this movie, did they?但陈述句中若带有否定前缀或后缀的单词时, 这个句子仍视为肯定, 后面仍用否定.例: Your sister is unhappy, isnt she? 陈述部分的主语若为不定式或 V-ing 短语, 疑问部分主语用it.例: To spend so much money on clothes is unnecessary, isnt it? 陈述句中主语是 nobody, no one, everyone, everybody 等指人的不定代词时,疑问部分用they做主语; 若陈述部分主语是 something, anything, noting, everything 等指事物的不定代词时, 疑问部分用it 做主语.例: Nobody says one word about the accident, do they? Everything seems perfect, doesnt it? 当主语是第一人称I时, 若谓动为think, suppose，believe, expect guess，imagine, 等词时, 且其后跟宾语从句,这时疑问句部分的人称, 时态要与宾语从句保持一致, 同时还要考虑否定转移.例: I dont think he can finish the work in time, can he?当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致（此时，否定只看主句，与从句无关）。例如：Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she?  You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you?    They don't believe she's an engineer, do they?    She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she?  前面是祈使句, 后用 will you? (lets 开头时, 后用shall we?)6. be terrified of 害怕的程度比 be afraid of 深.7. miss: 思念, 想念 例: I really miss the old days. 错过, 未中, 未赶上, 未找到. 例: Its a pity that you miss the bus. The boy shot at the goal, but missed. 那男孩射门，但未中。8. no more (用在句中)=notany more (用在句尾) 指次数、数量上“不再反复” no longer (用在句中)=notany longer (用在句尾) 指时间上“不再延续”9. right: adj. 正确的, 右边的 n. 右方, 权利 adv. 直接地.10. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. = Yu Mei seems to have changed a lot.11. can afford + n. /pron. 负担得起-can afford + to do sth “负担得起-“ 常与can, be able to 连用.例: Can you afford a new car? The film couldnt afford to pay such large salaries.12. as well as 连词, “不但而且”, 强调前者. (若引导主语, 谓动与前者在人称和数上一致例: Living things need air and light as well as water. 生命不仅需要水, 还需要空气和阳光. I as well as they am ready to help you. =Both I and they are ready to help you .不仅是他们, 我也愿意帮助你.13. alone = by oneself 独自一人. lonely 孤独的, 寂寞的.14. in the last/past + 一段时间 “在最近-” 与现在完成时连用 during the last/past + 一段时间 “在最近-” 与现在完成时连用. in the last few years 在最近几年15. die (vi.) “死”, 强调“死”的动作，是结束性v,不能用于被动语态，不能与段时间连用。 dead (adj.) 死的death (n.) 死亡dying (垂死的) （die +ing-dying）die of- 死于-(疾病、情感等)die out 灭绝、绝迹16. play the piano弹钢琴 Play volleyball 打排球