3脑干、小脑、间脑文档资料.ppt

脑 干brain stem延髓medulla oblongata脑桥pons中脑midbrain 一、外形,二、内部结构（一）灰质：神经核：1.脑神经核 2.非脑神经核 3.网状核、中缝核（二）白质：上、下行纤维束（三）分部：被盖部、基底部,中 脑 横 断 面 顶盖大脑脚（大脑脚底、黑质、被盖）,脑神经核名称、性质、位置,脑干灰质 1、脑神经核 延髓：舌下神经核 nucleus of hypoglossal nerve 副神经核 nucleus of accessory nerve 疑核 nucleus ambiguus 迷走神经背核 dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve 下泌涎核 inferior salivatory nucleus 孤束核 nucleus of solitary tract 三叉神经脊束核 spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve,脑桥：展神经核 nucleus of abducent nerve面神经核 nucleus of facial nerve三叉神经运动核 motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve上泌涎核 superior salivatory nucleus三叉神经脑桥核 pontine nucleus of trigeminal nerve前庭神经核 vestibular nuclei蜗神经核 cochlear nuclei中脑：滑车神经核 nucleus of trochlear nerve动眼神经核 nucleus of oculomotor nerve动眼神经副核 accessory nucleus of oculomotor nerve三叉神经中脑核 mesencephalic nucleusoftrigeminal nerve,2、非脑神经核延髓；薄束核 gracilis nucleus、楔束核 cuneate nucleus下橄榄核 inferior olivary脑桥：脑桥核 pontine nucleus蓝斑核 locus ceruleus中脑：红核 red nucleus黑质 sustantia nigra中脑顶盖tectum midbrain（上丘、下丘、顶盖前区）,脑干白质下行传导束:1、锥体束 pyramidal tract2、皮质脑桥束 corticopontine tract上行传导束：1、内侧丘系 medial lemniscus2、外侧丘系 lateral lemniscus3、三叉丘系（丘脑束）trigeminothalamic tract4、脊髓丘系（丘脑束）spinothalamic tract,小 脑 cerebellum一、分叶1绒球小结叶：前庭小脑2前叶：蚓垂 蚓锥体 脊髓小脑3后叶：大脑小脑,二、小脑核齿状核、顶核、栓状核、球状核三、功能1、平衡2、调节肌张力3、协调肌肉运动,三、间 脑 diencephalon 背侧丘脑、上丘脑、下丘脑 底丘脑、后丘脑,