五种基本句型课件.ppt

whether conj.不管还是用于引导让步状语从句，还可以用于引导名词性从句，即宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。Whether he drives a car or takes a train,he will be here on time.用whether不用if的情况：(1)与or not 连用I wonder whether or not I will catch the last bus.(2)引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句Whether it is true remains a question.The first question is whether it is true or not.The decision whether we should go to see her hasnt been made.(3)作介词的宾语It depends on whether hes ready.,(4)放在不定式前Please tell us whether to go or stay.用if不用whether的情况：引导条件状语从句If I were a bird,I could fly to you.if和whether互换的情况：表示“是否”，引导宾语从句：They asked if/whether we would like to go,too.,词的分类实词名词n.代词 pron.数词 num.动词v.形容词adj.副词adv.虚词冠词art.介词prep.连词conj.感叹词interj.,句子成分在句子中起着不同语法作用的部分，叫作句子成分。在英语中句子成分有九种1.主语 2.谓语 3.表语 4.宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）5.宾语补足语6.定语7.状语8.同位语9.插入语,1.主语(subject)表示句子描述的是“谁”或“什么”，是谓语的陈述对象；通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任。Our school is not far from my houseWe like our school very much.Two plus two is four.Seeing is believing.To see is to believe.Whether well go depends on the weather.,2.谓语（predicate verb）说明主语的动作或状态，一般放在主语之后；由动词或动词短语充当。We study English.I have been looking forward to my brothers letter.,3.表语（predicative）说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份，与连系动词一起构成复合谓语，通常由名词、代词、形容词、数词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担当。He is a boy.This is mine.She is beautiful.Class is over.He is in good health.He is excited.His wish is to become a teacher.The lesson is that friends are teachers.,4.宾语(object)表示及物动词或及物动词短语的对象或内容，用于介词后构成介词短语；通常由名词、代词、数词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等担任。Eg.Do you like playing basketball?,5.宾语补足语有些及物动词除了要求一个宾语外，还要加上一个宾语补足语，句子的意思才完整。“宾语 补语”可统称为“复合宾语”。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。We found the book very interesting.,6.定语（attributive 或 attribute）修饰或限定名词或代词用的；通常由形容词、代词、数词、介词短语、动词不定式、动名词、分词或从句等担当。This is a difficult problem.,7.状语（adverbial）修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子用的；通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词或从句等担任。状语通常分为时间，地点，方式，程度，原因，目的，结果，条件，让步状语等。He runs fast.,8.同位语（appositive）对前面的名词或代词做进一步的解释；通常由名词、代词或从句等担任。This is Mr.Zhou，our headmaster.Word came that our team won the game.,9.插入语（parenthesis）对一句话作一些附加的解释；通常由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词或从句等担任。To be honest,I dont quite agree with you.,英语五种基本句型(简单句）,1、主语+系动词+表语（S+V+P)2、主语+不及物动词（S+Vi）3、主语+及物动词+宾语(S+Vt+O)4、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+Vt+Ino+DO)5、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+Vt+O+C),一个英语的句子里面只能有一个主谓结构。,（S+V+P),主语+系动词+表语,常见的系动词,（一）be动词类：am、is、are、was、were（二）表示变化类：become、get、turn、grow、go（三）感官动词类:眼（look）耳(sound)鼻(smell)舌(taste)身(feel)（四）表示延续性的动词：remain、stay、keep,（S+Vi）(不及物动词后不能直接加宾语),1.My grandma is sleeping now.2.I will stay in Shanghai for a week.3.Jack is leaving for New York.4.It rained hard last night.5.Lucy arrived in Beijing yesterday Note:虽然这个结构中动词后边不加宾语，但是往往带有状语,主语+不及物动词,主语+及物动词+宾语(及物动词后面可直接加宾语),1.My sister is writing a letter at this moment.2.Jack enjoys collecting stamps.3.Our teacher promised to see the movie with us.4.I dont know which school he is in.,(S+Vt+O),主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（S+Vt+Ino+DO),1.His father bought him a computer.2.I sent a birthday gift to her yesterday.3.My mother taught me how to do it.4.She asked Lucy whose pen it was.,常见的可以接双宾语的动词有tell(告诉某人),tellsb sth(tell sth to sb)send(送给某人),sendsb sth(send sth to sb)give(给某人),give sb sth(give sth to sb)bring(带给某人),bringsb sth(bring sth to sb)leave(留给某人),leave sb sth(leave sth to sb)pass(递给某人),passsb sth(pass sth to sb)read(给某人读),readsb sth(read sth to sb)write(给某人写),write sb sth(write sth to sb)take(给某人拿),takesb sth(take sth to sb),show(给某人看),showsb sth(show sth to sb)teach(教给某人),teach sb sth(teach sth to sb)lend(借给某人),lendsb.sth(lend sth to sb)return(还给某人)return sb sth(return sth to sb)hand(递给某人)handsb sth(hand sth to sb)throw(扔给某人)throw sb sth(throw sth to sb)get(为某人弄到),getsb sth(get sth for sb)pay(支付给某人),paysb sth(pay sth for sb)buy(为某人买),buysb sth(buy sth for sb)do(为某人做)do sb sth(do sth for sb)sing(为某人唱)sing sb sth(sing sth for sb)play(为某人演奏)play sb sth(play sth for sb)cook(为某人煮)cook sb sth(cook sth for sb),choose(为某人选择)choose sb sth(choose sth for sb)make(为某人做)make sb sth(make sth for sb)save(为某人留)save sb sth(save sth for sb)fetch(为某人去取)fetch sb sth(fetch sth for sb),主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语,1.We must keep the classroom clean.2.They consider Jack a brave boy.3.Let the fresh air in.4.Lucy will make herself known.5.I saw the little girl dancing.,(S+Vt+O+C),