M4不定式用法小结.ppt
,M4 Sandstorms in Asia,Vocabulary,inland adj.内陆的；内地的 adv.在内陆；向内陆inland towns 内陆城市go inland 到内地去We drove further _.A.in inland B.to inlandsC.inland D.towards inland,C,campaign n.战役；运动；政治，竞赛活动a political campaign 政治运动an election campaign 竞选活动advertisement campaign 广告活动campaign v.参加活动，从事活动Jean is campaigning for equal rights for women.,1.What are sandstorms？2.In what places do they often happen?3.Are there any sandstorms in China?Where?4.Have sandstorms in China increased or decreased recently?Why?5.Why does traffic move slowly during the sandstorm?6.Whats the experts advice when a sandstorm arrives?7.What does the government do to protect Beijing from sandstorm?,TEXT,be caught in 突然遭遇（风暴等）；被困在（风，雨，雪.）中eg.He was caught in a heavy rain on my way home yesterday.He was caught in the snowstorm last week and caught a cold.,appear/seem/look 好像,看起来,appear/seem/look+adj/pp/nHe appears/seems/looks satisfied with what I said.appear/seem+to do/to be doing/to have doneShe appears/seems to have a lot of money.appear/seem+that 从句It appears/seems that its going to rain.It looks/seems+as if.It looks/seems as if he was sleeping.,advise+n./to do/that/doing,The doctor advised_.医生建议完全休息。The doctor advised_at once.医生建议他立刻做手术。I advised that_.我建议她等下一班火车。The teacher advised_ to discuss the matter.老师建议开会来讨论这个问题。,a complete rest,him to be operated on,she should wait for the next train,holding a meeting,advice n.建议,offer/give sb advice on/about sth 关于.给某人建议take/follow ones advice 接受某人的建议 He followed_ on how to learn English.A.an advice B.good adviceC.good advices D.a good piece of advice,U,D,prevent v.阻止；预防；防止,What can we do to prevent SARS happening again?The heavy snow prevented me from going out.prevent sb(from)doing sth stop sb(from)doing sth 阻止某人干某事,The heavy rain _ the meeting.A.prevented him to attendB.stopped him attendC.kept him attendingD.prevented him attending,D,Grammar,Infinitive,不定式可作主语、宾语、状语（目的，结果）、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。,Infinitive,结构:to do(否定)not to do,二.时态与语态,不定式,to do,to be done,to be doing,to have done,to have been done,-,(1).They pretended not to see us.,(2).He pretended to be sleeping.,(3).She pretended to have known it before.,(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎/发生在它之后.),(在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作也正在进行),(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前),三.用法/功能,To see is to believe.Its important to learn.,(1).主语,不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后,用it作形式主语.,My job to help the patient.Your task to clean the classroom.,is,is,(2).表语,常在系动词后面，作表语,I want to go home.The workers demanded to get better pay.I found it necessary to talk to him again.,(3)宾语,Think/consider/find it+adj to do,常用动词不定式作宾语的动词有:ask,agree,afford,choose,decide,determine,expect,decide,hope,like,learn,offer,pretend,prefer,plan,want,wish,refuse,manage,The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.,(4).宾补,五看,watch,see,look at,observe,notice,三使,let,make,have,二听,listen to,hear,一感觉:,feel,Warn,tell,allow,help,ask,force等,+sb to do sth,+sb do sth,省略to,I made him do his work.,He was made to do his work(by me).,不定式用在介词but,except,besides后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to,相反则带to.,(1).She could do nothing but cry.(2).I have no choice but to go.(3).What do you like to do besides sleep.,Note 1,Note 2,I have something to say.He has a lot of homework to do.He is looking for a room to live in.There is nothing to worry about.,(5).定语,如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词.,Eg.请给我一支写字的笔.,Please give me a pen to write with.,不定式作定语时，应放在被修饰词的后面，而且放在其他后置定语之后。,Note,I came here to see you.He got up early to catch the train.,(6)状语,In order to,so as to,enough to,only to,too.to.,常充当原因、结果、目的状语等,We were very excited to hear the news(原因)He hurried to the school to find nobody there.(结果),(7).独立结构,to be frank,to be honest,to tell the truth,To tell the truth,I dont agree with you.,固定句型,1.had better/had best+(not)do sth.最好（不）做某事2.cannot but 3.cannot choose but+do sth.不得不做 4.cannot help but5.Why(not)do sth.?6.prefer to do/prefer doing7.prefer+n./doing to+n./doing8.prefer+to do sth.rather than(to)do sth.,From the text,To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience.There was nothing to be done.To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening.,主语,主语,定语,Identify the function of the Infinitive.,(subject),(subject),(predicative),(attribute),.,.,.,.,1.It is good to help others.2.It is my ambition to make sure that the disabled people in our neighborhood have access to all public buildings.3.My ambition is to work in the computer industry when I grow up.4.I dont have time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.,(attribute),(object),(object),(adverbial),.,.,.,.,.,(adverbial),5.I am the only student in my class to have a pet snake.6.A big company has decided to buy it from me.7.My fellow students have begun to accept me for who I am.8.I have had to work hard to live a normal life.9.Some days I am too tired to get out of bed.,1.Turn off what you dont use 关闭不用的电器2.Dont waste energy 不要浪费能源3.Use only the water you need 节约用水4.Using energy saving lightbulbs 使用节能灯泡5.Eat a healthy balanced diet 合理饮食,6.Recycle your rubbish 垃圾回收7.Recycle all you can 尽可能多的回收8.Is your heating turned up too high?不要取暖过度9.Use biodegradable product 使用可降解的产品10.Cut your emissions 减少尾气排放11.Avoid using plastic bags 减少塑料袋的使用,Heal the World,Heal the worldMake it a better placeFor you and for meAnd the entire human raceThere are people dyingIf you care enough for the livingMake a better place for you and for me,plastic bags refrigeratorscutting down trees chemicalscarbon dioxide dig up grassrecycle garbage/global warmingWe should.We need to.We must.One major enviromental problem is.There is a problem with.,
