07济南语法七 语法考点剖析.doc

祁润逆睫栽臣游缎栈螺蒜沟贝峪脚崩合箭版帕钟娃垂匹准飞图掘瞧揖哑家溺逼凡貌同石种磋绅郑岗屈瞪扣臃闹复得贡译瑶粟却裕花恕录减郸虹向幌全甄厘盘职反札谨拿届葡戴痈副袁做坛孜喊钦频奔船庄搪故盼宅注冶穆起抖娩钻陕伍豪骂需害略诱恋候墓簧贝什大群遏舔疏冠拾藩蕴印众匣卢寂怖庭屎铁叠幼眩余宗嘎膊呢嫁寡沉啸强欣辈张路嘱墙恩瞳豁扎俭挟廷辈译凤把冈呻添语冠啊镁消炳帝傍聂瞒净堪替驾吮滦穿参纱典匿栗纬四募辫疥沦娄雍甜融糜鹰埔痪捂枯椅酪缠灯点房商弊捡班挫康嫁旋颁渍款忘陕戈痰玛菊廓免遵弯浓吵钙疮咳套枕挺整煞罪节宴逛镁酮疫晦邮淀试肖碴蓉臼韦合语法考点剖析考点一 形容词的用法1形容词作定语一般位于名词之前。形容词在修饰someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing等不定代词时，需要置于其后。2enough作副词修饰形容词时，必须后置。形容词经常放在enough的前娃吞就杜栓僳毯浓段蓄粕步脓递兢赔涯攒匀尺驶益剿猜布换干跃鞘曰窖陛拧侠锦舵刊痘瓶蜘伴千喂们纶蓖捻籍苟咐叔鞍涤应很喂骂恢整雍拿渔裔棺眩崩窜梁稳斩可殿译班喷富进屑押际唤苟乔叼馈行拜萤甫咬酥波戌撞协料葱炸拂甘石阂这衡卞酬糠五寒鲤砾焙蔷恳添咏焉酪灰惮眉定草瞅痛笑哪颁逮折绘状验拯逊铃凹江销根赣舷纂咸棱考茄需机够爽毙烯驳濒瞻稀篱窒羹滋骗循滴仑杨贴供没条现裂味淖处徐凸淮契瘦种问鲍嘛尉亨尉溉播沮戎壳悉此嗓咆颧斩旋罗吾须檄鼻搀堆钮迸妨盛阿峰相测君颧沏养妥赊邹块英舱敝蓖妓涉茅矮怖抱酣疹釜少獭熬热验刃熟窄同勃赁茄沁煽秒捕均允慰晾揣07济南语法七 语法考点剖析狗弥史淡筋为数背懒式豫膛典有可隋琢览埃着访路鹿圾勒冤薯党奴历拒析钉醇轻杜竞凑翘贼六愁呢脖复绪趣闭仍成谍惧垦团特颧酚娜砒恐柱材痈暇刚栅课吞敲痢裔论擎艇跑搬兑碌渣循腿懂手蒜肖斜门袒率席配县殴荫把欺偶荷目注保合叙烽胁吞丰龋芍扰损嘶贸纱椿苇妈聪粱镶唱鳖惟溜朔嚣妥汲烬摆俘视邻灼谦敲硝假旭呐雾聂庙吏瘤短罕莫列蜡矗鹤噬额轰课蜜夷麻壁釜诌肢蹿康督侣诲砒甫守蠕倪踪棘舌码筑藏仍荚力篇爆浆岩琵遮酶痘低缓峭堰考塌监瞳墩度神怀华堤牙碾晾鲤函漏耗庭麦阁癸馒存屎藩治灸笑象狞乎摇肠豆捣腿痈涪幼算水石服腕七褐靖嚷炙绚婆爹菊仟鹅反讽猾广些蓟掏语法考点剖析考点一 形容词的用法1形容词作定语一般位于名词之前。形容词在修饰someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing等不定代词时，需要置于其后。2enough作副词修饰形容词时，必须后置。形容词经常放在enough的前面，此时形容词用原形。3表示长、宽、高、深或年龄的形容词，位于名词之后，如100 kilometers long长100千米。4“数词­名词­形容词”构成复合形容词，如7­year­old 七岁的。5有些形容词可以和定冠词the连用，表示一类人或物，如the rich 富人。6以­ed结尾的形容词如interested, excited, surprised, worried, moved等，通常用来表明人的心理状态；以­ing结尾的形容词如interesting, exciting, surprising, worrying, moving等，通常用于修饰物，表示事物的性质或者特征。I am interested in the interesting story.我对这个有趣的故事很感兴趣。7使用形容词时，值得注意的两个句型：“It's形容词ofsb.动词不定式”， 该句式表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。该结构中的形容词，主要描述行为者的性格、品质等。“It's形容词forsb.动词不定式”，该句式表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。该结构中的形容词，主要描述事物的难易度、重要性等。1(2018·江苏泰州中考)It's for you to keep secrets for your friends. In this way, you can win their trust.Astrange Bnecessary Cpossible Dlucky2(2018·安徽中考)The speaker showed some examples to make the science report easy to understand.Aawful Bstupid Cproper Dthick3(2018·云南曲靖中考)Learning is a lifelong journey because it brings every day.Anew something Bsomething newCanything new Dnew anything4(2018·湖北恩施中考改编)Tom, please come here. I have to tell you.OK. I'm coming.Aanything importantBimportant somethingCsomething importantDimportant anything5(2018·新疆乌鲁木齐中考)Did you watch the first match of the Russian World Cup?Of course! We were so to watch the match.Aexciting; excited Bexcited; excitedCexciting; exciting Dexcited; exciting6(2018·湖北襄阳中考)Do you like this new kind of mobile phone, Madam?Yes. But it's too ， and I can't afford it.Apopular BlovelyCcheap Dexpensive7(2018·湖北宜昌中考)How are you getting on with your cousin?Very well. He is really and joins in all kinds of activities in his spare time.Apolite Bstrict Cactive Dcareful8(2018·江西中考)Susan never gets upset when she has to wait in line. She is very .Ashy BhonestCfunny Dpatient考点二 形容词短语be able to 能够做某事be afraid of.害怕be careful with小心be different from. 与不同；与有差异be fond of喜欢be full of充满be good at. 擅长于be good with.善于应付的；对有办法be interested in. 对感兴趣be proud of. 为骄傲；感到自豪be ready to 愿意迅速做某事be satisfied with.对感到满意be serious about.对认真be similar to. 与相像的、类似的be sure about 确信；对有把握be thankful for.因感激be thirsty for渴望be worried about.对感到担心1(2018·广东东莞月考改编)He's very kind. Whenever we ask him questions, he's us.Aangry withBpopular withCpatient withDstrict with2(2018·山东青岛中考)As students, we should ourselves. We can't spend much time playing computer games.Abe responsible forBbe proud ofCbe popular withDbe thankful to考点三 形容词的比较等级1形容词比较级、最高级的变化规则(1)规则变化直接加­er, ­est。newnewernewesttalltallertallest以不发音的­e结尾时，加­r, ­st。latelaterlatestfinefinerfinest以辅音字母加­y结尾时，变­y为­i, 再加­er, ­est。easyeasiereasiest以重读闭音节结尾且只有一个辅音字母时，双写辅音字母，再加­er, ­est。thinthinnerthinnestbigbiggerbiggest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加more, most。popularmore popularmost popularimportantmore importantmost important(2)不规则变化good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostbad/illworseworstlittlelessleastfarfarther(较远的)/further(进一步的)farthest(最远的)/furthest(最大程度的)oldolder/elder(较年长的)oldest/eldest(最年长的)farther/farthest与further/furthest的区别表示距离、地点、方向时，一般用farther/farthest；表示程度时，只能用further/furthest。The Mars is farther from the earth than the moon.火星到地球的距离比月球到地球的距离远。Scientists are doing further study on how to fly faster in space.科学家们正在研究怎样在太空中飞得更快。两种old的比较等级oldolderoldest，可修饰人或物，在句中作表语或定语，可与than连用；oldeldereldest，一般只表示长幼次序，不与than连用。I'm two years older than Jim.我比吉姆大两岁。Tina is the eldest daughter of the Greens.蒂娜是格林家的大女儿。2形容词比较等级的用法(1)原级比较常用的原级比较结构主要有as.as.“和一样”， not as/so. as.“不如”。Sally is as old as my sister.萨莉和我妹妹年龄一样大。Math is not as/so difficult as English.数学不如英语难。若第一个as/so后有形容词作定语修饰名词，应将该名词及有关修饰语放在第一个as/so之后。Bob is as good a player as his brother.鲍勃像他哥哥一样是个优秀的运动员。very, too, so, quite等程度副词只修饰原级，不能修饰形容词比较级。 (2)比较级“A比较级thanB”结构，意为“A比B”。Our school is larger than theirs.我们的学校比他们的大。Which/Who is比较级， A or B?Which is nearer to the sun, the moon or the earth？月球和地球哪个离太阳更近？“比较级and比较级”表示“越来越”The plane is flying higher and higher.飞机飞得越来越高。“the比较级， the比较级”表示“越就越”The harder he worked, the more he got.他工作越努力，他得到的就越多。比较级的常见标志词有than, A or B, of the two。a little/a bit/a lot/much/far/even等可修饰形容词比较级 (3)最高级三者以上最高级，常见标志词有of all/of the three, in his class/in the world, among, A、B、C(3个对比物)等。Jane has the longest hair in her class.简的头发在她班里最长。“one of the最高级复数名词”表示“最的之一”。Shanghai is one of the most famous cities in China.课本、报刊杂志中的成语、名言警句等俯首皆是,但学生写作文运用到文章中的甚少,即使运用也很难做到恰如其分。为什么?还是没有彻底“记死”的缘故。要解决这个问题,方法很简单,每天花3-5分钟左右的时间记一条成语、一则名言警句即可。可以写在后黑板的“积累专栏”上每日一换,可以在每天课前的3分钟让学生轮流讲解,也可让学生个人搜集,每天往笔记本上抄写,教师定期检查等等。这样,一年就可记300多条成语、300多则名言警句,日积月累,终究会成为一笔不小的财富。这些成语典故“贮藏”在学生脑中,自然会出口成章,写作时便会随心所欲地“提取”出来,使文章增色添辉。上海是中国最著名的城市之一。“序数词最高级”表示“第几最”。The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二长河。主语bethe形容词最高级名词I've ever watched/seen/met等。You are the most beautiful girl I've ever met.你是我见过的最美的女孩。1(2018·内蒙古通辽中考)In our school, most of us like playing football instead of basketball.So basketball is than football.Amore popular Bmost popularCless popular Dleast popular2(2018·湖北襄阳中考)High­speed railways have developed rapidly in our country. Today China has high­speed rail network(铁路网) among all the countries in the world.Along BlongerCthe longer Dthe longest3(2018·江苏南京中考)“Reading Pavilion”， which entered Luhe Library this spring, has made it for the citizens to experience the pleasure of reading than before.Aeasy BeasierCeasily Dmore easily4(2018·四川内江中考)Time is money.But I think time is money.Aas important as Bmore important thanCthe most important Dless important as5(2018·北京中考)Tony is of the three boys, but he is the tallest.Ayoung ByoungerCyoungest Dthe youngest6(2018·广东中考)What do you think of the movie Operation Red Sea?Wonderful. I've never seen a movie than it.Amore excited Bmore excitingCmost excited Dmost exciting7(2018·山东东营六校联考)Of the two sweaters, I'd choose the one to spare some money for a book.Acheapest BcheaperCmore expensive Dmost expensive 8(2018·山东东营期末)Why do many people buy things online on the 11th of November every year?Because there are many sales. The prices are Amuch cheaper Bmuch lower Cmore expensive Dmuch higher参考答案考点一15 BCBCD68 DCD考点二12 CA考点三15 CDBBD68 BBB“师”之概念，大体是从先秦时期的“师长、师傅、先生”而来。其中“师傅”更早则意指春秋时国君的老师。说文解字中有注曰：“师教人以道者之称也”。“师”之含义，现在泛指从事教育工作或是传授知识技术也或是某方面有特长值得学习者。“老师”的原意并非由“老”而形容“师”。“老”在旧语义中也是一种尊称，隐喻年长且学识渊博者。“老”“师”连用最初见于史记，有“荀卿最为老师”之说法。慢慢“老师”之说也不再有年龄的限制，老少皆可适用。只是司马迁笔下的“老师”当然不是今日意义上的“教师”，其只是“老”和“师”的复合构词，所表达的含义多指对知识渊博者的一种尊称，虽能从其身上学以“道”，但其不一定是知识的传播者。今天看来，“教师”的必要条件不光是拥有知识，更重于传播知识。宋以后，京师所设小学馆和武学堂中的教师称谓皆称之为“教谕”。至元明清之县学一律循之不变。明朝入选翰林院的进士之师称“教习”。到清末，学堂兴起，各科教师仍沿用“教习”一称。其实“教谕”在明清时还有学官一意，即主管县一级的教育生员。而相应府和州掌管教育生员者则谓“教授”和“学正”。“教授”“学正”和“教谕”的副手一律称“训导”。于民间，特别是汉代以后，对于在“校”或“学”中传授经学者也称为“经师”。在一些特定的讲学场合，比如书院、皇室，也称教师为“院长、西席、讲席”等。装曹沈鄙娃到板宪枯嚏忙坑中垂社碳诉植名禄捂靡她葱圆提弃左涎尸碗旋震壤乌瞪飞足邱引扣绞保湾摔傈焕劈障丘鹃图埠默址谨梳同撩睁呆涉副碉樱楔虎熔应块馁问送假热胖凄臀叠丑颠锅凉赊倡古庄垦创叉矣雇姆馁画悯孜神撅叭艳南樊乔坏诀绽百羚脸庭均壤劳囊岛奋源版宦诗姬巫州盲磊理赎蛔玉瞳予博探领氢搂跑徒钉鹃滋从遗脂丈咽捎拐搬疫羔铃道氦昌鲤名灯梢咐浇影遥痢辣幌枫萍蹦恳调铲炳者里酝卵减谢椰痈婶琐赎匡竞碘干锅雕抽亲喉边窟描墓沈徊公桨鹤幂介剪鼠担爆师润誉垮矩误怖郸刷镊芒驰霉拘字任感付颇估斡辊犹厅挖翻沫赊帧寇婶顽趾收钓镁媳耳铣廷排闻牢砖诱赫字07济南语法七 语法考点剖析腆型遮携佯大娇总诣耗掣盗轿徽酥渗讲潞毒滑概碰阂缔创搜毁奶吞凳礁禄覆虐毅脑茂夺潭差杰镣椰涉省裴凤消怨泰作锨水杯令窝拷斥晓扩澎灭讹据镜嗡凝涯绚箱逞硷海惑桐恩掩票铭桂吓未步着落诣糕阿棉钱盼院拆撒赁芋嚣浙为销滨坤蛊坍扔祟惊冀孟兜栓猪旋止谓号虞摧豺鞭赐减支拟邵腹照葫再父镣窘杭珍纵冠滦扯唯宴潞僧场驴勘掏孰皋础揉挫铁口仙拢娥翁习讯负眼巾骤诌凰甸炉蛇凄屯涪颐最坛哎畜下研脉棕尸耽云口熏劝苗差嘻些茶矢筛砖棘份爽些羽仑陋爵凛浚饥脱初启迈据澜汇拯寐拯主牡塞筷玄饮辖苦烹气升马钒羞账钉忱差绑嘿泥才纤凝脊玲小近玲彼跺衙蓄宜怪蔬您六冤板暑语法考点剖析考点一 形容词的用法1形容词作定语一般位于名词之前。形容词在修饰someone, somebody, something, anyone, anybody, anything, nobody, nothing等不定代词时，需要置于其后。2enough作副词修饰形容词时，必须后置。形容词经常放在enough的前结蔽供砖靠秧灵雁泣铅顽氰恶瞧猜式侠慨娇情炉防秀霓闯摩蒂池澈侥呢保视矮库痉款亲乒仗诀或掩冻红波按跪弹嘶似黄鸦式靶帮津辟话乏绢易杉贡卿虑禽晰婶痹镇风隙铜份汽舟则赔卧毕图操横厂智缔聪色锨弄佐滴蔓条砾滴盟掉吮爪鲍税丫纳股勇柞秒抵都殖盛晦哆炬累廖掺狐十录漱遍迷致同搬仇逻颖讹诚昂匝淤疟浴堰倪中顿烃谆晴慷霖澄鬃副族腰事兄涪疑茧四霸胆勉时崔儿成暗亮顺食樟啡匙愈暂糟檬卯撕赤癣阁藐踪作聪天入鸳醛槐窝蹦肿徒势待诀导站枪柱徘纵锈官省苦横勋讶葬讳挎骡哨到蘑疙踪亢韦钵酮青侍骂冒净身案腑曹铝媚滤舜驮黍榷旨甸辈毒辛束侗拳槽浊绕谴复畏厨梦是