中考英语语法讲解课件-虚拟语气课件.ppt

中考英语语法,第十九讲 虚拟语气,判断是否虚拟,2.判断虚拟类型,3.判断虚拟时间,Pass!,虚拟语气应试对策,第一部分：什么是虚拟？,虚拟语气,表示说话人的所说的话不是事实，一种假设、猜测、怀疑等(在条件从句中或让步状语从句中)；一种表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议等(在宾语从句 等名词性从句中)。I wish you were more careful.但愿你更细心一些。,条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。非真实条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，与事实相反的情况。If it is fine tomorrow,I will go to visit my grandma.If I were a bird,I would fly to America.,非真实条件句,If I had time,I would certainly join you in the tennis match.（事实是：我没有时间）我要是有时间肯定和你一起打这场网球比赛。If I were you,I would put her suggestion into account.（事实是：我并不是你）我要是你，我会考虑她的建议的。,非真实条件句,If I should have a chance to try it,I would do it in another way.（假设的情况不大可能发生）要是我有机会试一试，我会用另一种方法做的。Even if they were to fail,they wouldnt lose courage.（说话人不希望假设的情况发生）即使他们万一失败，他们也不会泄气。,第二部分：if引导的虚拟语气,一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中,虚拟条件句,主句,If+主语+Ved（be用were),If+主语+had+V过分,If+主语+Ved（be用were)If+主语+were to+V原If+主语+should+V原,主语wouldV原(should/could/might),主语would V原(should/could/might),主语wouldhave+V过分(should/could/might),I would buy an expensive car.I would buy a villa.I would travel around the world.,If I won the lottery,现在事实相反,If I _time last night,I _ to see the film with you.,had had,would have gone,过去事实相反,If he_ more carefully,he _ the car accident yesterday.,had driven,would not have had,Mark:100,I _ a party for you.,should get,If you,_,got,Were to get,a full mark next time,将来时相反,would hold,If I were you,I would give AIDS patient a hug.If I had taken your advice,I wouldnt have made a mistake.If it rained tomorrow,they wouldnt go for an outing.,现在事实相反,与过去事实相反,与将来事实相反,第三部分：宾语从句的虚拟,Wish 的宾语从句,现在：过去：将来：,过去时（were）,过去完成时,would/could/might+V.,I wish I were a birdI wish I hadnt made such a mistakeWe wish our parents wouldnt punish us.,1.在wish的宾语从句中,用于宾语从句,I wish I were as tall as you.I wish I became as famous as Yao Ming.,I wish I were a bird.I wish I could fly like a bird.I wish every day were my birthday.,现在时,He wish he hadnteaten so much watermelon.I wish the lunch time would come soon.I wish it would rain tomorrow.,过去时,将来时,第四部分：建议、命令等的虚拟,2.在表示建议，要求，命令的词command（命令）,demand（要求）,desire（希望，要求）,insist（坚持）,order（命令）,propose（提议）,recommend（推荐）,request（要求）,require（要求）,suggest（建议），后的宾语从句中：“(should)+动词原形”e.g.I suggest that we(should)set off at once.I demanded that he(should)answer me immediately.,一个坚持insist，两个命令order,command，三个建议advise,suggest,propose四个要求demand,require,request,desire注：以上动词的名词形式用于从句中，从句中的动词也是用“(should)+动词原形”,名词形式,suggestion（建议）,motion（动议）,proposal（提议）,order（命令）,recommendation（推荐），advice(建议),instruction(指示、指令)idea（想法）,Eg,He proposed that we(should)set a dead line for the complement of the plan.他提议拟定一个执行计划的期限。They requested that we(should)send a delegation to their country.他们请求我们派一个代表团到他们国家去。I suggested that he(should)set off for our headquarters straightaway.我建议他马上动身去我们的总部。,The instruction was that nobody be allowed to go to sleep until further orders.指示要求，任何人不得在接到进一步的命令之前去睡觉。My suggestion is that he leave for London at once.我的建议是他立即动身去伦敦。What do you think of his proposal that we(should)put on a play at the English evening?他的建议是我们在英语晚会上演一个剧,你觉得怎么样？,My suggestion that we(should)have a meeting has been accepted by others.We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting(should)be put off（延期）.,第五部分：典型习题,PRACTICE 1:Fill in the blanks.a.If they _(be)here,they _(take)your advice.b.If the world-war _(break)out again,what _(happen)to our people on earth?c.If the policeman _(be not)in that room now,it _(be)very dangerous.d.If I _(be)in your position,I _(ask)for teachers help.,were,would take,broke,would happen,were not,could be,were,would ask,PRACTICE 2:Fill in the blanks e.If Tom _(be)more careful in theexam,he _ _(pass)it already.f.If you(get)up earlier,you _ _(catch)the first train.g.If I _(meet)you yesterday,we _ _(go)to the concert together.,had been,would have passed,had got,would have caught,had met,would have gone,PRACTICE 3:Fill in the blanksIf there(be)no natural resource any more,we _(make)use of nuclear power.b.What _(happen)if you_(get up)too late tomorrow?,should be,would make,would happen,should get up,