初中英语单词速记法.doc

初中英语单词速记法记得小时候，语文老师课堂上说：同学们“休”息的“休”字，这个字应该分成 “人”和“木”，所谓的休息就是一个人靠在一块木头上”。同学们便在课间耳语“语文老师真伟大，每个汉字都讲的如此生动。到了中学开始学习英语，背单词是最头疼的事情，一个字母一个字母的死记单词，就像靠一笔一画记汉字一样，吃尽了苦头。弄到后来一见到长单词就害怕，心里总是想，要是英语也有偏旁部首，该有多好啊！  后来到了大学，才发现英语其实也有偏旁部首，只不过它换了名叫词根词缀。认识到词根词缀的重要性，学习起来就容易多了！学会词根才是真正学懂单词举例：porter 搬运工人这个单词中port是词根，含义是“搬拿”,而er是后缀，含义是“人” . 搬运工人就是搬东西的人。从词根port（搬拿），看看我们初中学过那些和它有关的单词：（19个单词）im(向里)+port(搬拿)import进口import进口+able(可.的) importable可进口的import(进口)+er(人)importer进口者re(再,回)+ import(进口)reimport再进口ex(向外)+port(搬拿)export出口 export(出口)+able(可.的) exportable可输出的export(出口)+er(人)exporter出口者 re(再,回)+ export(出口)reexport再出口re(再,回)port(搬拿)report报道report(报道)+er(人)reporter记者report(报道)+able(可.的)reportable可报告的sup(下)+port(搬拿) support支持support(支持)er(人) supporter支持者support(支持)+able(可.的) supportable可支持的trans(跨越)+port(搬拿) transport运输transport(运输)er(人) transporter运输者transport运输+able(可.的)transportable可运输的air(天空)+port(搬拿) airport飞机场pass(通过)+port(搬运)passport护照,通行证举例：revise 复习这个单词中vise是词根，含义是“看”,而re前面已经讲过，含义是“再, 回” .复习就是把学习过的东西再看一遍。从词根vis（搬拿），看看我们初中学过那些和它有关的单词：（20个单词）revise(复习)+ion(名词) revision复习 revise(复习)+er(人) reviser复习者pre(先,前)+vise(看) previse预知 previse预知)+ion(名词) prevision预知vis(看)+it(走) visit参观; 游览 re(再,回) +visit参观 revisit,再参观visit参观+or(人) visitor 参观者 vis(看)+ible(可.的) visible可看见的in(不)+vis(看)+ible(可.的) invisible看不见的 vis(看)+ion(名词) vision（视觉，景象）vis(看)+age(名词)visage外表 super(在上面)+vise (看)supervise监督supervise(监督)+or(人)supervisor监督者 tele(远)+vis(看)+ion(名词) television电视tele(远)+phone(声音)telephone电话 micro(小)+phone(声音)microphone扩音器，麦克风tele(远)+gram(写)telegram电报 gram(写)+ar(物体)grammar语法pro(先)+ gram(写) program程序 gram(写)+o+phone(声音) gramophone留声机 举例3：car 汽车car其实就是个词根，它的含义是：“装，运”,car的本意就是装运东西的一个物体。从car这个词根中，看看初中我们学过拿些和它有关的单词：（7个单词）Car(装,运)+go(走)cargo货物 Car(装,运)+ry(动词)+Carry 运送Car(装,运)+d(无意义)+card卡片（装信息的） ID(确认)+Card(卡片)ID Card 身份证Post(邮局)+card(卡片)postcard明信片 Car(装,运)+e(动词)care关心（装着你，就是关心你）Car(装,运)+t(无意义)Cart（马车）举例4 dictionary 字典dictionary 字典，这个你熟悉的单词中，有你不熟悉的词根dict“说言”。从dict这个词根中，看看初中我们学过拿些和它有关的单词：（7个单词）dict(说)+ ate(动词)dictate 听写,命令dictate(命令)+or(人)dictator 独裁者dict(说)+ion(名词)diction措辞;didiction措辞+ary（物）dctionary字典pre（先,前）+dict说predict 预言contra(反着)+dict(说)-contradict反驳，顶嘴bene(好)+dict(说)+ion(名词)benediction祝福举例：5  in含义是“向里”，out是含义是“向外”从in和out这个两个词根中，看看初中我们学过拿些和它有关的单词：（10个单词）out(向外)+look(看)outlook景色in(向里)+look(看)inlook 内心省察,向内看out(向外)+go(走)+ing(的)outgoing 对人友好的in(向里)+go(走)+ing(的)ingoing进入的out(向外)+side(面)outside adv.在外面, 向外面in(向里) +side(面)inside n.里面, 内部out(向外)+door(门)outdoor adj.户外的, 露天的in(向里) +door(门)indoor adj. 室内的, 户内的out(向外)+come(来)outcome 结果in(向里) + come(来)income n.收入, 所得, 收益举例：6  根据提示猜猜下面单词的含义；1：cycle(圆圈)+one(一个 )cyclone            打一种像圆圈一样的风：        2：bi(两个)+cycle(圆圈)bicycle  打一由两个圆圈组成的常用交通工具。3：Tri(三个)+cycle(圆圈)tricycle     打一由三个圆圈组成的常用交通工具。4：Re(再次)+cycle(圆圈) recycle             一再绕圆圈使用东西的过程叫什么？5：cycle圆圈+ist人   cyclist 打一类人，他们是经常在圆圈上的人。6：One（一个）+color（颜色）one color 一个颜色又叫什么颜色 ：  7：bi两个 +color颜色bicolor              两个颜色又叫什么颜色：   8：tri三个color颜色tricolor 三个颜色又叫什么颜色：   9：re再次+color颜色recolor 给一个东西再一次上颜色叫：    10：color颜色+ist人colorist 经常用颜色的人：        其实我们大部分的同学在记忆英文单词的时，和外国人犯了同样的错误，我们总是习惯将构成单词的那些英文字母看成是相互之间毫不相干的随机组合。于是就将单词里的字母一个一个地边念边写，不断的重复机械记忆，就像记忆电话号码一样，直至完全记住为止。以这种方式记忆单词，就如同在用最基本的笔画“点、横、竖、撇、捺”记汉字；这好比放着阳关大道不走，专走崎岖小路，纯粹是自己和自己过不去。说白了英语字母就等于汉字的“点、横、竖、撇、捺”，英文字母之间的组合就等于汉字偏旁部首。也就是说：“只有掌握了英语当中的偏旁部首，才是你记忆单词的最佳选择。” Aa (an) art *ability n able a about prep & adabove prep abroad a & ad *absent a *accent n accept vaccident n *ache n *achieve vacross prep act n & v action n active a activity n *add v address n advantage n advertisement n advice n *advise vafford vafraid a after ad , prep & conj afternoon n again ad against prep age n ago ad agree v*agreement n air n *airline*airplane n *airport n alive a all a & pronallow valmost ad alone a along ad & prep aloud ad already ad also ad although conjalways ad America n American a & n among prep *ancient a and conjangry a animal n another a & pronanswer n & v *ant n any pron & a anybody pron anyone pron anything pron *anyway ad *anywhere ad appear vapple n April n areaarm n *army n around prep & adarrive v art n *article n as ad, conj & prep Asia n *Asian a & n ask v asleep a at prep *Atlantic n & a attention n August n aunt n Australia n Australian a & n autumn n *available a *avoid n *awake vaway ad Bbaby n back ad & n *background n bad ( worse, worst) a bag n ball n balloon n bamboo n banana n bank n *baseball n *basic a basket n basketball n *bathroom n be (is, am, are, was, were, being, been) aux vbeach n bear n beat v & n beautiful a because conj become (became, become) v bed n bedroom n bee n beef n before prep, ad & conjbegin (began, begun) v *behaviour n behind prep believe vbell n below prep beside prep besides prep & ad between prep *beyond prep big a bike =bicycle nbill n bird n *birth n birthday n *biscuit n bit n *bitter a black a & n blackboard n blind a *blood n blow (blew, blown) vblue n & a board n boat n body n book n boring a born a borrow v*boss n both pron & a bottle n bottom n bowl n box n boy n *brain n brave a bread n break (broke, broken) v & nbreakfast n *breath n breathe vbridge n bright a bring (brought, brought) v brother n brown n & a brush v & n build (built, built) vbuilding n burn (-ed, ed/burnt, burnt) vbus n business n busy a but conjbutter n *butterfly n buy (bought, bought) vby prep bye interjC*cabbage n cake n call v & n camel n camera n *camp n & v can modal vCanada n *cancel vcandle n cancer n candy n cap n capital n *captain n car n card n care v & n careful a careless a carry v cat n catch (caught, caught) v cause n & vCD n *CD-ROM n.*ceiling n celebrate vcent n centre n century n certain a chair n *chairman/woman n chalk n chance n change v*chant n & v cheap a *cheat vcheck n & v*cheer n & v cheese n chemistry n chess n *chest n chicken n child (pl. children) n China n Chinese a & n chocolate n *choice n choose (chose, chosen) v*chopsticks n Christmas n *church n cinema n circle n & vcity n *clap v & n class n classmate n classroom n clean a & vclear a clever a climb vclock n *clone vclose v & a clothes n cloud n cloudy a club n *coach n coal n *coast n coat n coffee n coin n coke n cold a & n collect vcollege n colour (Am color) n & vcome (came, come) vcomfortable a *common a *communicate v*communication n company n *compare v*competition n *complete a & v *composition n computer n concert n *condition n *conference n connect v*consider v*continue v*control vconversation n cook v & n *cooker n cool a copy n & v corner n correct v & a cost v & ncotton n & a cough n & vcould modal v count vcountry ncountryside n *couple n *courage n *course n cousin n cover n & vcow n *crayon n *crazy a *create vcross v & n *cruel a cry n & v culture n cup n cut (cut, cut) v & n Ddad (daddy) n *daily a, ad & n dance v & n danger n dangerous a dare v & aux vdark a & n date n daughter n day n dead a *deaf a deal vdear a death n December n decide vdecision n deep a & ad *degree n delicious a *dentist n *depend v describe v desk n develop v*development n dialogue (Am dialog) n diary n dictionary n die v difference n different a difficult a difficulty n dig (dug, dug) vdinner n *direct a & v*direction n director n dirty a discover v*discovery n discuss v discussion n disease n dish n *dismiss v*disturb vdivide vdo (did, done) vdoctor n dog n doll n dollar n door n double a & n *doubt n & vdown ad & prep downstairs ad *dozen n draw (drew, drawn) v*drawer n dream (-ed, -ed/dreamt, dreamt) v & n dress n & vdrink (drank, drunk) v & n drive (drove, driven) v driver n drop n & v*drug n *drum n dry v & a duck n dumpling n during prep duty n *DVD nEeach a & pronear n early a & ad earth n east n, a & adeasy a eat (ate, eaten) v*edge n education n *effort n egg n eight num eighteen num eighth numeighty num either a , conj & ad *elder a*electric a elephant n eleven numelse ae-mail n & vempty a encourage vend n & v *enemy n *energy n engineer n England n English n & a enjoy venough a & ad enter v*environment n eraser n especially ad Europe n European a & neven ad evening n ever ad every a everybody pron *everyday a everyone pron everything proneverywhere ad exam =examination n *examine vexample n excellent a except prep excite vexcuse n & v exercise v & n expect vexpensive a experience n experiment n explain v express veye n Fface n & v fact n factory n fail v*fair afall (fell, fallen) vfamily n famous a fan n *fantastic a far(farther, farthest/further, furthest) a & ad farm n farmer n fast a & ad fat a father n favourite (Am favorite) a & n fear n February n feed (fed, fed) vfeel (felt, felt) vfeeling n festival n fetch vfever n few pron & afield n fifteen numfifth num fifty num fight (fought, fought ) v & n fill vfilm n final a find (found, found) vfine a finger n finish v fire n first num, a & ad fish n *fisherman n fit a & vfive num fix vflag n *flat n floor n flower n *flu n fly1 (flew, flown) vfly2 n follow vfood n foot (pl. feet) n football n for prep *force vforeign a foreigner n forest n forget (forgot, forgot) v*fork n form n forty num *forward ad four num fourteen num fourth num fox n free a freeze (froze, frozen) vfresh a Friday n fridge (=refrigerator) n friend n friendly a friendship n *frog n from prep front a & n fruit n full a fun n funny a *furniture n future n Ggame n garden n gate n general a gentleman n geography n *gesture n get (got, got) v gift n *giraffe n girl n give (gave, given) v glad a glass n glove n go (went, gone) vgoat n *god n gold n & a *golden a good ( better, best) a goodbye (bye-bye) interjgoose (pl. geese) n government n grade n *grammar n *grandchild ngranddaughter n grandma = grandmother n grandpa = grandfather n grandparent n grandson n *granny n grape n grass n great a green a & n*greeting n ground n group n grow (grew, grown) v *guard n guess v guest n guitar n *gun n *gym = gymnasium n Hhabit n hair n half a & n hall n *ham n hamburger n hand n *handbag n *handsome a *handwriting n hang (hung, hung) vhappen v happy a hard ad & a hardly ad hat n hate v & n have ( has, had, had) v he pronhead n headache n health n healthy a hear (heard, heard) vheart n heat n heaven n heavy a height n hello (hi) interjhelp v & n helpful a hen n her pronhere ad hero n hers pronherself pron hide (hid, hidden) vhigh a hill n him pron himself pron his pronhistory n hit (hit, hit ) vhobby n hold (held, held) vhole n holiday n home n & ad hometown n homework n honest a *honour (Am honor) n & vhope n & v horse n hospital n hot a *hotdog n hotel n hour n house n housework n how ad however ad & conjhuge a human a & n *humorous a hundred num hungry a hurry n & vhurt (hurt, hurt) vhusband n II pron ice n ice-cream n idea n if conj ill a illness n imagine v*immediately ad important a impossible a improve vin prep *inch n include vincrease v & n India n Indian a & n*industry n *influence n information n ink n inside prep *insist vinstead ad instruction n *intention n interest n interesting a *international n Internet n *interview n & vinto prep introduce v *introduction n invent vinvention n invite v *iron n & visland n it pronits pron itself pron Jjacket n January n Japan n Japanese n & a *jeans n job n join v joke n & v *joy n juice n July n jump vJune n just a & ad Kkeep (kept, kept) v key n keyboard n kick v & n kid n kill vkilo = kilogram n kilometre (Am kilometer) n kind1 akind2 nking n kiss n & v kitchen n kite n knee n knife (pl. knives) n knock v & n know (knew, known) vknowledge n Llab = laboratory n *labour (Am labor) n lady n lake n *lamb n lamp n land n & vlanguage n large a last a & vlate a & ad laugh n & v law n lay (laid, laid) vlazy a *lead (led, led) vleader n leaf (pl. leaves) n learn (learnt, learnt) vl