形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 (2).ppt

形容词、副词的比较级和最高级,保亭中学 王琛,Aims and demands,1.How to form the comparative and superlative degrees of adjectives and adverbs.(怎样构成形容词和副词的比较级和最高级）2.How to use the comparative and superlative degrees of adjectives and adverbs.3.How to improve our abilities of using English.,形容词用于描绘人或事物的特征的词。,形容词的用法修饰名词，表示名词的属性。在句子中充当表语、定语和宾补。,1)用作定语,修饰名词或代词:He lives a happy life.I have a good friend.,2)用作表语,放在动词be后,也可以放在其他一些特殊的系动词后面:The story is interesting.She looks young.,3)做宾语补足语,对句子的宾语进行补充说明,We should keep our classroom clean.,副词的用法表示行为和状态的特征，作状语，在句子中修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，甚至是整个句子，还能作表语、定语和宾补。,He studies English hard.His handwriting is very good.He writes very carefully.Sometimes he walks to school.Class is over.The weather here is very hot.I found the boy over there.,做状语修饰v.,状语修饰adj.,做状语修饰adv.,状语修饰整句.,做表语,作定语,做宾补,The bedroom is bright.He gave us an important report.The news made her happy.She will be back next week.Do you see the man there?He found the meeting over when he got there.The wind is blowing hard.The tea is very hot.He drives very carefully.,adj.做表语,作定语,adj.作宾补,adv.做表语,adv.作宾补,adv.做定语,adv.作状语修饰adv.,adv.作状语修饰adj.,adv.作状语修饰v.,How to form them.,单音节词，少数双音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级,tall-taller-tallest long longer longestshortshorter shortest1:单音节词，少数双音节词在词尾加er构成比较级，加est构 成最高级。,nice-nicer-nicest large larger-largest cutecutercutest2:以不发音的e结尾的词,直接在词的后面加 r构成比较级,加 st构成最高级.,hot hotter-hottest bigbiggerbiggest fatfatterfattest3:重读闭音节词,如末尾只有一个辅音字母应先双写这个辅音字母,再加er构成比较级，加est构成最高级。,easy-easier easiest heavyheavierheaviest happyhappierhappiest 4:以辅音字母+y结尾的词,先变y为i再加er构成比较级，加est构成最高级。,5：双音节词,多音节词在词前加 more/less构成比较级，加most/least构成最高级。,双音节词,多音节形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的规则变化.quicklymore/less quicklymost/least quicklyheavilymore/less heavilymost/least heavilyfantasticmore/less fantasticmost/least fantastic,注：clever,lovely,friendly等用-er 和-est或more和most皆可。,形容词/副词比较级和最高级的不规则变化,good/well better-best bad/badly/ill worse-worst old older（旧）/elder（年龄）-oldest/eldest many/much more-most little less-least far farther（距离）/further（意义）-farthest/furthest,巧记口诀：,多与少，好与坏，相差不是很远。,形容词，副词比较级和最高级的基本用法,1.同级相比（肯定），与一样：用“asas”Lin Tao is as clever as Jim.（否定）与不一样：用“not as(so)as”Ann does not do as carefully as Jane.（同义句）Jane does _ _ than Ann.Ann does _ _ than Jane.2.两者相比用“比较级”This cake is _ than that one.(small)Which is _,the sun or the moon?(big),less,carefully,more,carefully,smaller,bigger,1.原级比较,as+adj./adv.原级as 和一样,否定：not so/as+adj./adv.原级as 不及,我和你一样大。I am _ you.他跑得不及我快。He _ run _ I.,as old as,doesnt,as/so fast as,as+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+asas much+不可数名词+as，as many+可数名词复数as 和一样多的某物,He is as good an example as his brother.Bob read as _ books as Mary.There is as _ water in this bottle as in that bottle.,many,much,当as as中间有名词时,采用以下格式,2.形容词、副词的比较级和最高级,A+谓语+adj./adv.的比较级than B A在某方面超过B,我比汤姆要高。I am _ Tom(is).,你看起来比以前年轻。You look _ before.,比较级的结构,taller than,younger than,Attention!,形容词和副词的比较级的变化不能混淆！1.以-er结尾和特殊变化的形容词副词比较级前面不能加more2.as as 之间必须用形容词和副词原级,He is more taller than I.(T or F),I can write more better than he.(T or F),I runs as faster as she.(T or F),fast,1.比较级前可用much,far,a lot,a little,even等表示程度,不能使用very，quite.,She sings _ better than the others.她比别人要唱得好得多。,far/much,Now I read _ faster than before.我现在读得比以前要快一点。,a little,注意：,2.比较的对象要一致，一般说来同等的两个事物才能比较.,The weather of Beijing is colder than Shanghai.(T or F),that of,His English is better than anyone else in his class.(T or F),elses,3.表示不同程度比较时，句子主语不能包括在比较对象的范围之内。,He studies harder than any student in his class.(T or F),other,He studies harder than all the students in his class.(T or F),other,He studies harder than anyone in his class.(T or F),else,4.在比较级中，用that代替上述出现过的不可数名词，用those代替上述出现过的复数名词。,The water in the glass is cleaner than _ in the river.杯子里的水比河里的要干净。I like these pictures better than _ on the wall.和墙上的画相比，我更喜欢这些。,that,those,5.三者或三者以上相比，用最高级，形容词最高级前加the,副词最高级形式句中 the 可以省略。The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.（同义句）The Yangtze River is_ than _ _ river in China.The Yangtze River is_ than _ _ rivers in China.,longer,any other,longer,the other,形容词,副词比较级和最高级的特殊用法.,1.“比较级连用”,表示“越来越”,Its getting warmer and warmer in spring.,Shes more and more careful/beautiful.,2.表示“比较程度”，常用a little,a lot,much,even 修饰比较级。He is much/a lot taller than I.,()My brother is _ more outgoing than me.A.many B.little C.much,c,3.在最高级前可以加序数词加the表示“第几最的”The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.4.“the+比较级+（主谓），the+比较级+（主谓）”，表示“越，就越”The more friends we have,the happier we can feel.The harder you work,the better you will be.The later you go to bed,the worse it will be for your health.,5.“one of the+最高级”表示“最之一”，形容词后的名词用复数形式。Mr.Green is one of the most popular teachers in our school.,()3）.October 12th was one of _ days in 2005.Shenzhou-VI was launched(发射）successfully.A.exciting B.more exciting C.the most exciting,c,6.比较对象一致时，常用代词that或those 代替比较的对象,The weather in Chongqing is warmer than that in Beijing.The girls in Chongqing are usually more beautiful than those in Guangzhou.改错：The teachers in our school are better than in your school.The weather in spring is warmer than in winter.,those,that,改错:1.His computer is cheaper than I.2.Bill is taller than any boy in his class.3Jim is very older than his sister.,I,mine,any other boy,very,much,4.Li Ling is the youngest of our class.5.It is the most useful book.6.Li Fen draws better of the two girls.7.He is the tallest in the three boys.,in,a,the better,of,8.Its more bigger than a chicken.9.He is younger of the two.10.My classroom is bigger than you.11.The girl is very taller.,much,the younger,yours,tall,12.Mr.Green is my the best teacher.13.Jim is one of the tallest boy in our class.14.John runs is the fastest of all.15.My father is get up earlier than my mother.,去掉 the,boys,去掉is,改为：gets,THANK YOU,