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    语法填空专项练习题及答案详解.doc

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    语法填空专项练习题及答案详解.doc

    语法填空专项练习题及答案详解一、英语语法填空汇编1阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。     Today almost everyone knows computers and the Internet. If I ask you" What is the most important in your life? ", maybe you will say" Computers and the Internet".    The_(one) computer was made in 1946. It was very big but it worked_(slow). Today computers are getting smaller and smaller. But_work faster and faster. What can computers do? A writer has said, "People can't live_computers today."    The Internet came a little later than computers. It is about twenty-three years later than computers. But now it can_(find) almost everywhere. We can use it to read books, write letters, do_(shop), play games or make friends.    Many students like the Internet very much. They often surf the Internet as soon as they are free. They make friends on the Internet and maybe they have never seen these friends. They don't know their real_(name), ages, and even sex(性别). They are so_(interest) in making the "unreal friends" that they can't put their hearts into study. Many of them can't catch up with others on many subjects_of that.    We can use computers and the Internet to learn more about the world. But at_same time, we should remember that not all the things can be done by computers and the Internet.【答案】 first;slowly;they;without;be found;shopping;names;interested;because;the 【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章介绍了电脑的发明时间,以及电脑的 用途。还有电脑对我们生活的影响。 (1)句意:第一台电脑是在1946年制造的。根据定冠词the,可知应使用序数词first,故答案是first。 (2)句意:它很大,但是工作得很慢。slow修饰动词worked,应使用副词slowly,故答案是slowly。 (3)句意:但是他们工作的越来越快了。空缺处指代前文的computers,因此使用they,故答案是they。 (4)句意:现在没有了电脑人们不能生活。因为电脑在我们日常生活中越来越重要。所以没有电脑就不能生活,没有without,故答案是without。 (5)句意:但是现在到处都可以发它。主语it 和 find是被动关系,应使用被动语态,含有情态动词的被动语态是:情态动词+be+过去分词,故答案是be found。 (6)句意:我们可以用电脑读书、写信和购物,购物do shopping,固定搭配,故答案是shopping。 (7)句意:他们不知道他们真正的名字。name名字,可数名词,根据their可知应使用复数形式,故答案是names。 (8)句意:他们对于结交不真实的朋友那么感兴趣,以致于不能把心思用在学习上。be interested in,对感兴趣,故答案是interested。 (9)句意:因为这个原因,他们中的许多人在许多课程山上跟不上其他学生。because of应因为,固定搭配,故答案是because。 (10)句意:但是同时,我们应该记住电脑和网络并不能够做所有的事。at the same time,同时,固定短语,故答案是the。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。2He was _ (mention) in the letter. 【答案】 mentioned 【解析】【分析】句意:他在这封信里被提到了。mention是及物动词,根据句子机构可知是被动语态,be已经给出,行为动词使用过去分词mentioned,故答案是mentioned。 【点评】考查一般过去时,注意动词过去式的变化规则。3阅读下面短文,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。     Strangely enough, some inventions are lost _ people can't imagine their _ (valuable). A use may need to be "invented" along with the invention. An example is the fax machine. The technology for faxing _ (invent) in the 1800s. It took more than one hundred years, however, for the fax to be seen as useful. In 1843 Alexander Bain invented a machine to _ (electrical) transmit(传输) writing. At first, it was considered _ (use) since few people thought there was _ need for transmitting writing over _ (wire). Eventually the value of the invention was realized, and it was improved _ office use. By the 1980s, the fax machine became a piece of standard _ (equip) in offices. The reason is _it can very quickly transmit written documents. Who knows how many other inventions just need to be recognized as valuable?【答案】 because;value;was invented;electrically;useless;a/any;wires;for;equipment;that 【解析】【分析】主要讲了一些发明因为人们不能想象它们的价值而失去,列举传真机器的发明来说明这点。 (1)句意:足够奇怪的是,因为人们不能想象它们的价值,所以一些发明消失了。后句表示原因,所以用because;形容词修物主代词修饰名词,their它们的,形容词修物主代词,所以后面用形容词valuable的名词value,不可数名词,故填because,value。 (2)句意:传真的科技在19世纪被发明。invent发明,实义动词,主语technology是动作invent的承受者,时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,主语technology是不可数名词,所以用was,invent的过去分词是invented,故填was invented。 (3)句意:1843年,亚历山大贝恩发明了一种电子传输文字的机器。electrical电子的,形容词,副词修饰实义动词,transmit传输,实义动词,所以用副词electrically,电子地,故填electrically。 (4)句意:起初,它被认为是无用的,因为很少有人认为有必要通过电线传输文字。be considere形容词,表示被认为怎么样,固定搭配,根据后文可知传真的作用后来才被认可,所以起初被认为是无用的,use使用,实义动词,其形容词是useless,无用的;原因是很少人认为有必要,few表示否定,所以用a/any;wire,电线,可数名词,前面没有表示单数的a或者one,所以用复数wires,故填useless;a/any;wires。 (5)句意:最终,这项发明的价值得以实现,并被改进为办公用途。为了办公用途才被改进,所以用for,为了,故填for。 (6)句意:到了20世纪80年代,传真机已成为办公室的标准设备。equip,装备,实义动词,形容词修饰名词,standard,标准的,形容词,所以用equip的名词equipment,设备,不可数名词,故填equipment。 (7)句意:原因是它能很快地传送书面文件。the reason is that.,原因是,固定搭配,故填that。 【点评】考查语法填空,考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意,首先读一遍,然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。4语法填空     The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a bell tower. It is famous for _tilt (倾斜) 1o one side. Located behind the Cathedral of Pisa, the tower _ (become) a symbol of Italy. It is one of _ oldest buildings in Pisa's Cathedral Square.    The tower was not designed to lean, _ because people built it on soft soils it gradually tilted to one side. Even though some people don't think the tower is a _ (success) building because of its tit, the tower has won a special place in history. The tower has also been used for experiments by the famous Italian scientist _ (call) Galileo Galilei.    Every year, _ (million) of tourists flock to the tower to take the classic photo pretending(假装) to hold up or knock down the tower. Tourists can also climb the 294 steps to the top inside the tower. There are seven _ (bell) on top of it. It is said that you must visit the Leaning Tower of Pisa during the day. At night the shops are closed and it looks just so-so. However, if you visit it on a full moon night, the tower _ (look) fantastic.    When you plan _ (visit)Leaning Tower of Pisa, you should not miss some other sights near it, including Santa Maria della Spina and the Guelph Tower.【答案】 its;has become;the;but;successful;called;millions;bells;looks;to visit 【解析】【分析】文章大意:文章介绍了意大利著名的比萨斜塔,它位于比萨大教堂后面。一开始设计的时候并不是斜的,因为地基的原因,慢慢向一侧倾斜。虽然人们认为这不是一个成功的建筑,但是在历史上赢得了特殊的历史地位。意大利著名科学家伽利略层在塔山做过著名的落地实验。每年有成百万的游客来这里旅游,拍照。 (1)句意:它因向一侧倾斜而著名。根据句意可知,这里的倾斜指塔本身的倾斜,使用与主语一致的物主代词its,故答案是its。 (2)句意:位于比萨大教堂的后面的斜塔成为了意大利的象征。我们知道它已经成为了意大利的象征了,因此使用现在完成时,现在完成时的结构是have/has+过去分词。主语the tower为第三人称单数,助动词使用has,故答案是has become。 (3)句意:它是比萨大教堂广场最古老的建筑之一。oldest为形容词最高级,形容词最高级前使用定冠词the,故答案是the。 (4)句意:塔不是设计的时候就是斜的,但是因为人们把它建筑在软的土地上,慢慢地就向一边倾斜。一开始设计的不是斜的,现在成为斜的了,与设计本身不符,因此使用转折词but连接,故答案是but。 (5)句意:即使人们因为倾斜不认为这是成功的建筑,但是它却在历史上赢得了特殊的地位。success作定语修饰building,因此使用形容词successful,故答案是successful。 (6)句意:这座塔也曾被意大利科学家伽利略用来做实验。call以及后面的Galileo Galilei作后置定语修饰scientist,意思为被叫做,因此使用过去分词called,故答案是called。 (7)句意:每年,成百万的人游客聚集在塔前拍着经典照片,假装支撑着它,或者把它推倒。millions of固定短语,成百万的,故答案是millions。 (8)句意:塔顶有七个钟。bell钟,可数名词,根据seven可知应使用复数形式,故答案是bells。 (9)句意:然而,如果你在满月的时候去看斜塔,它看起来很迷人。本句为一般性的叙述,应使用一般现在时,主语the tower是第三人称单数,谓语使用三单形式looks,故答案是looks。 (10)句意:当你计划参观比萨斜塔时,被忘了欣赏附近其他的风光。plan to do sth.计划做某事,固定搭配,故答案是to visit。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。5阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。     A young man was on a train. As the train turned a Corner, it slowed down and then _ house came into sight. The house looked so different from the grey Buildings of the City _ everybody on the train turned to look at it. Some passengers _ (begin) to talk about it.    The young mas also _ (interest) in the house. He decided to get _ at the next station and make his way to the house. The owner of the house told _ (he)that he was trying to sell the house, But no one would Buy it, as the noise of the trains passing nearby made it _ (difficulty)to live in.    The young man decided to Buy the house right then and there for $30, 000. He used it for advertising, as the house faced the railway Bend(弯道). The train had to slow down at the Bend, giving the passengers plenty of time to look at the house.    The young man went to several Big _ (company) and explained the advantages of placing advertisements on the side of the house. _ (final), one Company agreed to place some ads. The young man _ (pay) $180, 000 for three years of advertising.    In this world, turning disadvantages into advantages is the key to success.【答案】 a;that;began;interested;off;him;difficult;Companies;Finally;was paid 【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一个年轻人以低价买了个地点很差的房子来高价做广告,为了告诉我们在这个世界上,将劣势转化为优势是成功的关键。 (1)句意: 当火车拐过一个拐角时,它慢了下来,然后一所房子浮现在眼前。house是以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词,其前用不定冠词a表示泛指,故填a。(2)句意: 这座房子看起来与城市的灰色建筑如此的不相同以至于火车上的每个人都转过身去看它。 so.that.,固定搭配,如此.以至于.,故填that。(3)句意: 一些乘客开始谈论它。描述过去用一般过去时,begin是动词,它的过去式是began,故填began。(4)句意: 年轻的马斯也对这所房子感兴趣。be interested in,固定搭配,对.感兴趣,故填 interested。(5)句意: 他决定在下一站下车,然后朝房子走去。get off,固定搭配,下车,故填 off。(6)句意: 房子的主人告诉他想卖掉房子,但是没有人会买,因为附近火车的噪音使得住起来很困难。谓语动词told后是宾语,宾格做宾语,him是he的宾格,故填him。(7)句意:房子的主人告诉他想卖掉房子,但是没有人会买,因为附近火车的噪音使得住起来很困难。make it+形容词+to do,固定搭配, 使得做某事怎么样,difficulty是名词,形容词是difficult,故填 difficult。(8)句意: 这个年轻人去了几家大公司,并解释了在房子旁边贴广告的好处。根据Big是形容词并大写,可知前后是名词,大写,此处表示专有名词,several修饰名词复数,故填 Companies 。(9)句意: 最后,一家公司同意投放一些广告。副词谓语句首修饰全句,finally,是介词,最后,故填 Finally。(10)句意: 他们给这个年轻人18万美元做了三年的广告。此处表示大公司付给年轻人广告费,故此处是被动语态,描述过去用一般过去时,主语是man第三人称单数,故助动词是was,pay的过去分词是paid,故填 was paid。【点评】考查语言综合运用能力,注意谓语的时态,语态,非谓语动词,词性,连词搭配等多种用法。6阅读下面短文,根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词),使文章意思完整、正确。     There is a nice family living in Valladolid, a beautiful city in Spain._father, Jose Garcia, is a tall and friendly man. He_(work) in a famous company. He married Teresa, a_(beauty) woman, _dark eyes and light hair. She is a _(teach) of a primary school. Jose and Teresa have three_(child): Susan, Rebecca and Juan. The_(old), Susan, is 24 years old. She's a doctor and busy with her work every day. She_(usual) goes to work at 8 a.m. and comes home after 7p.m. Rebecca, a beautiful girl with big dark eyes, is 19 years old and_(study)Chinese in the Canary Islands. Juan, a naughty 11-year-oldboy, dreams of_a great football player. They are a happy family.【答案】 The;works;beautiful;with;teacher;children;eldest;usually;studies;becoming 【解析】【分析】文章大意:在西班牙美丽的城市瓦拉多利德,住着一个很好的家庭。何塞·加西亚娶了特蕾莎。她是一所小学的五年级教师。何塞和特蕾莎生了三个孩子:苏珊、丽贝卡和胡安。苏珊,24岁。她是个医生,每天都忙于工作。She早上8点上班,晚上7点回家。Rebecca,19岁,在加那利群岛学习中文。胡安,一个顽皮的11岁男孩,梦想着成为一名伟大的足球运动员。他们是一个幸福的家庭。 (1)句意:爸爸,何塞加西亚是一个高个子善良的人。father特指前文提到的住在瓦拉多利德承德市幸福家庭中的爸爸,因此使用定冠词,因为在句首,手字母t应大写,故答案是The。 (2)句意:他在一个著名的公司上班。本文的基本时态为一般现在时,所以本句也是一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数,因此谓语动词使用单三形式,故答案是works。 (3)句意:他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女。beauty作定语修饰woman,应使用形容词beautiful,故答案是beautiful。 (4)句意:他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女、长着黑色眼睛作定语修饰woman,应使用介词with连接,故答案是with。 (5)句意:他是一个小学的老师。根据冠词a,可知后面单数可数名词,与teach相关的名词是teacher,老师,故答案是teacher。 (6)句意:何塞和特蕾莎有三个孩子。child孩子,可数名词,根据three可知应使用复数形式children,故答案是children。 (7)句意:最大的,苏珊24岁了。根据后文的叙述可知苏珊年龄最大,兄弟姐妹之间年龄最大使用eldest,故答案是eldest。 (8)句意:她通常八点上班。usual修饰go to work,应使用副词形式usually,故答案是usually。 (9)句意:长着黑色大眼睛的丽贝卡19岁了,在加那利群岛学习中文,文章的基本时态为一般现在时,主语Rebacca是第三人称单数,动词使用单三形式,故答案是studies。 (10)句意:十一岁的胡安是一个淘气的男孩,他的梦想是成为一乐伟大的足球运动员。空缺处是 a great football player. 的逻辑谓语,能够跟 a great football player. 构成动宾关系的是become,of是介词,介词后跟动词ing形式,故答案是becoming。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。7阅读下面的材料,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式(每空最多不超过三个单词)    A king had two sons and asked famous teachers to teach them. After a few _(year), the king fell badly ill. So he wanted to choose one of his sons as the next king, but which one would be the right person? He thought it over _ a whole night. At last, he decided _ (test) his sons.     One day, he gave a room to each of _ (they), You must fill the room completely (完全地) with anything you wish. But there should _ (be)no space left and you can't ask for advice from anyone!"    The next day the king _(visit) his elder son's room. The room was completely filled with grass. The king felt sorry about it. Then he went to _other room, but it was closed. His _ (young) son asked him to get in and closed the door again. It was dark everywhere, so the king shouted at him _ (angry), But suddenly the second son lighted a candle and the room was full of light. The king felt very excited and hugged him proudly.     He realized: Wisdom(智慧) is more important than simple answers _ are easy to get. 【答案】 years;for;to test;them;be;visited;the;younger;angrily;which/that 【解析】【分析】文章大意:国王有两个儿子,让著名的老师教他们,几年后,国王生病了,想找到一个聪明的王位继承人,让他两个儿子用自己想到的东西把房间填满,第二天分别去了两个儿子的房间,很高兴地拥抱了二儿子,他意识到智慧比简单的答案更重要。 (1)句意:几年后,国王病的很严重。a few一些,后跟可数名词的复数形式,因此使用year的复数,故答案是years。 (2)句意:他仔细考虑了整整一个晚上。  a whole night 是时间段,引出时间段的是介词for,故答案是for。 (3)句意:最后,他决定测试一下他的儿子。decide to do sth.,决定做某事,因此使用动词不定式,故答案是to test。 (4)句意:一天,他给了他们每人一个房间。of是介词,介词后使用宾格人称代词,将they改为them,故答案是them。 (5)句意:但是不应该有空间剩下,不能向任何人请求建议。本句为there be句式,should是情态动词,情态动词后使用动词原形,故答案是be。 (6)句意:第二天,国王参观了他的大儿子的房间。本文的基本时态是一般过去时,因此本句为一般过去时,应使用visit的过去式visited,故答案是visited。 (7)句意:于是他去了另一个房间。国王有两个儿子,分别对两人或者两件事进行描述,应使用短语onethe other,一个另一个,故答案是the。 (8)句意:他的小儿子让他进去。又把门关住了。因为国王有两个儿子,先去的是大儿子的房间,后去的应该是小儿子的房间,大与小是相对的,因此都应使用比较级,故答案是younger。 (9)句意:到处都很黑,国王生气地冲着他喊叫。angry修饰动词shouted,应使用副词形式angrily,故答案是angrily。 (10)句意:智慧比容易得到的答案更重要。本句为定语从句,先形式是answers,因此关系代词使用that或者which,故答案是 which/that 。 【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力,答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意,然后细读文章,字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍,检查验证。8阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 How are American families different from Chinese ones?    In some ways American families are very different from Chinese ones, and in other ways they are _ same. For example, American families enjoy family dinners. They support and love each other just _ Chinese families do. The _(different) come from culture, however. Many Chinese students are surprised to learn that American teenagers are _(allow) to make many decisions _ their own, and the parents want their children to leave home at eighteen.     In most American families, children are encouraged to make their own _(choose) at a young age. They start with small choices and gradually larger ones until they graduate from high school. That is when they face _(big) decision of their lives: what to do next. Parents and family will help with the choice, but the children themselves make the _(finally) decision.     Americans seldom move back into family homes _ they get older. _, they prefer to have their own lives for as long as possible. It is important to remember that these are cultural differences, and that Americans see this as part of the culture. 【答案】 the;as;differences;allowed;on;choices;the biggest;final;when;Instead 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国家庭和中国家庭的不同。 (1)句意: 在某些方面,美国家庭与中国家庭非常不同,而在其他方面,他们是一样的。be the same,固定搭配,相同,故填the。 (2)句意: 他们互相支持和爱,就像中国家庭一样。just as引导方式状语从句,像一样,故填as。 (3)句意:然而又有文化的不同。the定冠词后是名词,根据谓语是动词原形come,可知主语是名词复数,different是形容词,difference是名词,故填differences。 (4)句意: 许多中国学生惊讶地发现,美国青少年允许自己做很多决定,父母希望他们的孩子在18岁离开家。be allo

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