中学生百科英语讲义.docx

Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】中学生百科英语讲义小升初冲刺班暑假第六讲一Vocabulary:中学生百科英语1 Facts FiguresLesson 1黑体单词：1. yawn /jn/ v. 打哈欠2. quickly /'kwkl/ adv. 迅速地；很快地3. contagious /kn'teds/ adj. 感染性的；会蔓延的4. bored /bd/ adj. 无聊的；无趣的；烦人的5. might / mat/ v. 可以；或许（may的过去式）；应该6. however /ha'ev/ conj. 无论以何种方式; 不管怎样 adv. 无论如何；不管怎样（接副词或形容词）；然而；可是7. excited /k'satd/ adj. 兴奋的；激动的；活跃的8. race /res/ n.比赛9. alert /'lt/ adj. 警惕的，警觉的 /'dipl/ adv. 深刻地；浓浓地；在深处 /stret/ v.伸展，延伸 /'ms()l/ n. 肌肉；力量二：Key sentences:必背句子：1. No one really know the answer.2. We do know that everyone yawns in the same way.3. Your mouth stays open for about five minutes.4. Then you quickly close your mouth.5. Many people say that they yawn because they are bored or tired.6. Olympic runners , for example, often yawn before a race.7. Scientists do not spend much time studying yawning.8. Maybe this makes you feel more alert.三 语法点： There be句型的用法：表示某个地方存在某物或某人，Be动词的单复数必须依主语的变化而变化。单数 is 复数 are 如：There is a table in the room. There are some birds on the tree. 一There be 句型的结构：1.（一）There is+单数可数+地点状语例：There is a ruler on the desk. （二）There are+复数主语+地点状语例：There are four apples on the tree. There are some flowers in the park. （三）there is + 不可数名词+地点状语（即使有some 也是单数）例：There is some water in the bottle. be选择就近原则：There be句型的就近原则是There be句型中语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由最挨近的一项的单复数决定。如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk. 二、There be 句型的疑问句及回答（一）There be 句型的疑问1. 在“There is/are.”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。难点:句中出现的some要改成any。2. 肯定回答为：Yes, there is/are. 3. 否定回答为: No, there isnt/arent. 例句可数名词单数1. 肯定句There is an apple on the tree. 疑问句Is there an apple on the tree 肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isnt. 可数名词复数2. 肯定句There are five pens on the desk. 疑问句Are there five pens on the desk 肯定回答: Yes, there are. 否定回答No, there arent. 不可数名词的时候3.肯定句There is some water in the cup. 否定句Is there any water in the cup 肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isnt. 三、There be 句型的否定形式（一）There be 句型的否定：否定形式只要在be动词后面加not即可，is not =isnt are not= arent 但要注意的是句中如果出现some则改成any. 1. There is a knife in the kitchen. 否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen. are five apples on the tree. 否定:There are not five apples on the tree. is some ink in the bottle. 否定:There is not any ink in the bottle. （ink是墨水，不可数名词）4. There are some birds singing in the tree. 否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree. Exercise:用is或are填空： monkeys in the mountain. 2.There_a beautiful garden in our school. 3.There _some water in the glass. 4.There _some bread on the table. 5. _there any maps on the wall 6. There _twenty desks in our classroom. 7. There_a bird in the tree. 8. There _some trees near the house. 9. _there a cup of tea on the table 10. There_some apple juice in the glass. 11. There_a bed and two chairs in Betty's room. 12. There _some milk in the bottle. 13. There _some children in the park. 14. There _an ice cream in the boys hand. 15. There_a teacher and many students in our classroom. 16. There_many birds and a lion in the forest. 17. There_an orange on the table. 18. There_many things over there. 19. There_an eraser in the pencil-case. 20. There_a football match on television this evening.Homework:一单项填空。( ) not _ milk in the cup on the table . A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,many D. is ,much ( )2How many _ are there in the room A. apple B. students C. milk D. paper ( ) many boys _ there in Class one A. be B. is C. are D. am ( ) _ pencil-box, two books and some flowers on the desk. A. is a B. are some C. has a D. have some( ) _ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any of them. A. are B. is C. has D. have( ) any flowers on both sides of the street AIs there BAre there CHas DHave( ) did you see in the basket then -There _ a bottle of orange and some oranges（一般过去时：is-was,are-were).？A. is B. are C. was D. were( )8. _ any trees on both sides of the street A. Is there B. Are there C. Has D. Have ( )9. _ is there on the table A. How many apples B. How much bread C. How much breads D. How many food ( )10. There isn't _paper in the box. Will you go and get some for me A. any B. some C. a D. an( )11. How many _ are there in your classroom B. desk C. chair D. door( )12. There is some _ in the bottle. A. apple B. orange C. cake 三. 将下列句子一般疑问句。 is water in the bottle.2. There are many apples in the box.3. There is some juice in the bottle.4. There are some apples in the box.5. There is a piece of bread in the fridge.6. There are two pockets of grapes in the box.7. There are many children in the park. is an elephant in the zoo.四. 对句子划线部分提问。 are seven days in a week. 2. There is an apple on the table. 3. There are 24 hours in a day.4. There are three bottles on the table. are 12 months in a year.