初中英语知识点总结.doc

初中英语知识点总结 初三英语知识点归纳1. be supposed to do .应该如： We are supposed to stop smoking. 我们应该停止吸烟。知识拓展表示应该的词有：should, ought to ,be supposed to2. shake hands握手shake 本意是“摇动、震动”3. You should have asked what you were supposed to wear.你本应该问清楚怎么样穿才得体。中的“should have asked”是“情态动词+现在完成时”表示过去本应该做某事，事实上没有做如：She should have gone to Beijing. 她本应该去了北京。(没有去)4. be relaxed about sth.对某事随意、不严格如：They are relaxed about the time. 他们对时间很随意。5. pretty adv. 相当,很=veryShe is pretty friendly. 她相当友好。adj. 美丽的 She is a pretty girl.她是一个美丽的女孩。6. make plans to do = plan to do. 打算做某事如：She has made plans to go to Beijing.=She has planed to go to Beijing.7. drop by 访问看望拜访串门We just dropped by our friends homes.我们刚刚去朋友家串门。8. on time 按时9.after all 毕竟终究如：You see I was right after all.你看，毕竟还是我对了。10. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事如：Lily invited me to have dinner.莉莉请我吃晚饭。11. without 没有12. around the world = all over the world 全世界13. pick up 捡起挑选如：He picked up his hat. 他捡起他的帽子。14. start doing = start to do 开始做某事如He started reading.= He started to read. 他开始读。15. point at 指向16. stick v. 剌截n. 棒，棍chopstick 筷子是由chop(砍)+stick(棒)合成，通常用复数形式：chopsticks17. go out of ones way to do 特意，专门做某事如：He went out of his way to make me happy. 他特意使我高兴。18. make mistakes 犯错误(复数)make a mistake 犯错误(一个)19. be different from 与不同如：Chinese food is different from theirs. 中国菜与他们的不同.20.get/be used to sth. 习惯于get/be used to doing习惯于be used to do 被用于做be used for doing被用于做used to do 过去常常做如：I wash clothes everyday. But Im used to it.我每天都洗衣服，但我习惯了I am used to washing clothes. 我习惯于洗衣服了。The knives are used to cut things. 小刀被用来切东西。The knives are used for cutting things. 小刀被用来切东西。She used to watch TV after school. 她过去放学后常常看电视。21. 我发现要记住每一样事是困难的。I find it difficult to remember everything.形式宾语 真正宾语常见的形式宾语有：find / think + it/them +形容词 to do sth. 如：I think it hard to study English.22. cut up 切开切碎如：Lets cut up the water melon. 让我们切开这个西瓜吧。23. make a toast 敬酒24. crowd v.挤满 其形容词和过去式及过去分词都是：crowded25. set n. 一套v. 设置26. cant stop doing 忍不住做某事I cant stop laughing. 我忍不住笑27. make faces做鬼脸28.face to face 面对面29. learnby oneself 自学如：I learn English by my self. 我自学英语。初中英语知识点1.There be结构a.这是英语中常见的一种结构，表示“某地有某物”其含义为“存在有”。eg.There are twenty girls in our class.have也解释为“有”但是与there be有区别，它的含义是“所有，属有”，其主语为某人。eg.I have a nice watch.b.There be结构中的be动词要和后面所跟名词保持一致。c.There is a river near our school.否：There is not a river near our school.问：Is there a river near our school.回答：Yes,there is.No,there isnt.划How many rivers are there near our school?Whats near our school?d.there be结构的一般将来时，同学们较难掌握，其正确形式为：there is going to bee.反意疑问句的构成：There is no water in the glass,is there?There is going to _ a football match this afternoon.A.have B.watch C.be D.playThey were sure that they were going to _ a rest.A.be B.have C.be on D.on2.so,neither引导的倒装句,为了避免和前一句话的内容重复，英语中习惯用so,neither引导的倒装句。a.So+be(助动词，情态动词)+主语。表示某人也是如此。eg.Mike has bought some foreign stamps.So has Bob.=Bob has bought some,too.b.Neither+be(助动词，情态动词)+主语，表示某人也不。eg.Mother has never been to Japan.Neither has Father.=Father has never been to Japan,either.c.So+主语+be(助动词，情态动词)。表示果真如此(赞同),请同学们与a.区别。eg.A:Mike is right in the classroom.B:So he is.=He is really in the class room.3.Its+时间+since动词过去式。自从.起已有.时间了。Its two weeks since we met last.(自从我们上次见面已有两个星期了)How long is it since we left Beijing?(自从我们离开北京已有多久了4.祈使句+and(那么).5.祈使句+or.否则.eg.Work hard,or you will fall behind the other students.=If you dont work hard,youll fall behind the other.6.The+比较级.，the+比较级.越.越.eg.The more,the better.越多越好。The harder you work on it,the better youll be at it.(你越用功，你就越好。)7.How do you like the film?=What do you think of the film?(你认为这部电影怎样?)8.What.do with.?怎样对付.?怎样处理.?虽然中文为怎样，我们绝不可照字面翻译为how.eg.A:What have you done with the library book?B:Ive just returned it to the library.9.I dont know what to do.我不知道该怎么办?I dont know how to do.10.What.be like?.是什么样的?eg.Whats the weather like?天气如何?Whats your school like?你们学校是什么样的?11.What.for?为何目的?为什么?eg.What do you want a science lab for?=Why do you want a science lab?12.one of+最高级+复数最.之一eg.Miss Zhao is one of the most popular teachers.13.find it+形容词+to doeg.I find it useful to learn English well.(我发觉学好英语是很有用的)find+宾语+名词eg.I find him a good boy.(我发现他是个好男孩.)find+宾语+形容词eg.I find the door open/closed.(我发现门开/关着)I find our bags filled with/full of presents.(我发现我们的包装满了礼物)14.I dont think+肯定句我想.不eg.I dont think Ill take it.(我想我不买它了)请注意:中文意思否定在从句中,但是英语的表达否定在主句中。15.prefer A to B=like A better than B更喜欢A不怎么喜欢B.eg.I prefer fish to chicken.=I like fish better than chickeneg.Go straight on and youll see a school.=If you go straight on,youll see a school.16.had better do sth.最好干某事.否定:had better not do sth.特别注意:had better后面跟be动词词组,不可漏掉be.eg.Youd better catch a train.Youd better not talk in class.Youd better not be late for the class.17.It is good(nice)of+宾格+to do sth.eg.It is very good of you to teach me English.(你教我英语真是太好了)18.It takes sb.some time to do sth.(干某事化费某人多少时间)=sb.spend some time on sth.(in)doing sth.eg.It took me half an hour to do the work.=I spent half anhourin doing the work.19.sb.pay钱for物某物化费了某人多少钱=sb.spend钱on物=物cost sb.钱pay的过去式为paid而不是payed.eg.I paid thirty yuan for the coat.=I spent thirty yuan on the coat.=The coat cost me thirty yuan.20.have been to某人曾去过某地,现在人不在那儿sb.have been in+地点某人呆在某地(一段时间)have gone to某人已去某地,人不在这儿21.too形容词(副词)+to"太而不能""太以致于不"eg.The basket is too heavy for me to carry.这篮子太重我拿不动。This colour TV is too expensive for us to buy.这台彩电对我们来说太贵了，买不起。so.that如此.以致于.上面的too.to结构的句子，可以换成so.that引导的句子转换。The basket is so heavy that I cant carry it.This colour TV is so expensive that we cant afford it.22.Whats the population of.?.人口有多少?不说How much population in.?形容人口数量的大用largeeg.The population of China is ten times as large as that of the USA23.Ive come to return your pan.(我跑来是还你锅的)Why have you come?而不用What24.not.until(连词)方才，才eg.He says that he wont be free until tomorrow.他说他需到明天方才有空。肯定句+until到eg.Youd better wait until tomorrow.(你最好等到明天)25.neither.nor.既不.也不.either.or.或者.或者.eg.Neither Tom nor his brothers know how to spell the word"hundred".Either you or she is right.(谓语动词就近原则)both.and.两者都.eg.Both Jim and I are in Grade One(主语看作复数)初中英语重点短语整理1.put down放下shut down把关上cut down砍掉come down下来、落下slow down减缓、放慢sit down坐下write down写下get down下来,降落2.after all毕竟.终究after that于是.然后day after day日复一日地one after another相继.挨次soon after不久以后the day after tomorrow后天3e up with找到、提出catch up with赶上wake up弄醒、醒来send up发射open up开设、开办grow up长大pick up拾起、捡起hands up举手eat up吃光clean up打扫干净give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事4.arrive at/in+n.到达get to+n.到达reach+n.到达arrive/get+adv.到达5.getback退还,送回去.取回give back归还come back回来at the back of在的后面on the way(back)home在回家路上6.at least至少at breakfast早餐时at desk在桌前at once立刻,马上at school在上学at the same time同时at work在工作588.esbe good at=do well in善长laugh at嘲笑notat all一点也不at first起初at night在晚上at noon中午at the age of/when sb.wasyears old在岁时at last/in the end/finally最后、终于at the beginning of the twenty-first century在21世纪初at the end of在终点、结尾at the moment/now现在at the foot of在脚下at Christmas在圣诞节at any moment任何时候at times(sometimes)有时,偶尔at the doctors在医务室be bad at不善长7.for example例如for ever永远be good for对有益be bad for对有害for long=for a long time长期for short简称be short for是的简称TV is short for“television”8e true实现come down下来come from=be from来自,出生于come in/into进入,进来come on赶快come over过来come along走吧,过来,快点come and go来来去去come up上来come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来9.even though=even if即使、虽然、尽管10.be pleased with对感到满意be covered with被覆盖be expected to do sth.被期望做某事be proud of以自豪speak highly of称赞be afraid of害怕hear of听说(hear from sb.收到某人的来信)of cause=certainly当然可以plenty of=a lot of许多11.by the way顺便说by oneself单独,独自by the end of到为至by the time(引起时间状语从句)到的时候one by one依次by air/plane乘飞机by bus/train/car乘公共汽车/火车/轿车(catch a bus赶公交车get on/off the bus上/下车take a bus to=go toby bus乘车去)12.do/try ones best尽力do ones homework做家庭作业do(the/some)shopping购物do the cooking烹饪do some cleaning打扫do the/some washing洗衣服do sport做运动do with sb/sth.处理well done干得好13.early in the morning一大早in the early spring初春in my early days我幼年时期early bus早班车14.make a contribution to贡献给、捐献make a telephone call to sb./ring sb.up/give sb.a call/phone sb.给某人打电话connectto把与连接起来be close to靠近(某地)give birth to生(孩子)lose to sb输给sb.15.eitheror或者或者.on either side of the stree t街道任何一边(on each side of the street街道每一边on both sides of the street街道两边)16.keep doing sth.不停地做某事(表示状态继续)keep on doing sth.坚持做某事(表示动作反复进行)practise doing sth.练习做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事finish doing sth.做完某事go on doing sth.继续做某事(同一件事)17.go on to do sth.接着做某事(另一事)go straight along沿着一直往前走go down下降,go for a walk散,go over复习go shopping买东西,go to the cinema去看电影go well进展顺利,go off to动身前往,go out外出,go to work去上班,go up上升,want a go想试一试18.think about考虑(think of认为、想起、考虑、想到think over仔细考虑think out想出)talk about谈论,worry about担心,How/What about?怎么样?19.borrowfrom从借.(lendto把借给)from door to door挨家挨,from time to time时时from now on从今以后from then on从那以后be different from与不同learnfrom向学习20.get dressed穿衣get into进入get/be lost丢失get off/on下/上车get on well with sb.与某人相处得好get out of从出来get ready for+n.为做准备get ready to do sth.准备做某事get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡(be asleep睡着)get warm变暧get well康复get a chance有机会、得到机会21.look for寻找wait for等候look after=take care of照看look like看起来像look over检查,复习look out小心,从里向外看look the same看起来一样look up向上看,查单词,look around环视look forward to期望look through温习,检查22.set off出发、动身put off推迟keep off避开、不靠近drop off放下(某物)turn off关jump off跳离,take off脱(衣)(飞机)起飞23.half a kilo半千克half an hour半小时in half分成两半half of the day半天24.do eye exercises做眼保健操do morning exercises做早操take(more)exercise(多)参加体育锻炼an exercise book练习本588.es25.take part in参加hand in上交in hospital住院in surprise吃惊地in the sun在阳光下in trouble处于困境in a minute/moment马上26.leave for动身去某地27.feed on以为主食live on继续活着base on以为根据carry on坚持、继续下去and so on等等on the other hand另一方面on foot步行28.be famous for以.著名be excited about+n./V-ing对感到兴奋be interested in对感兴趣be born出生be busy with sth.be busy doing sth.忙于be amazed at对.感到惊讶29.make sure确信make a dialogue编对话make a mistake犯错误by mistake由于疏忽make a noise吵闹make faces做鬼脸make friends(with)和.交朋友make room for给.让地方make tea沏茶make money赚钱make a decision作出决定30.used to do sth过去常常做某事be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事31.forget to do sth.忘记做某事encourage sb.to do sth.鼓励某人做某事decide to do sth.决定做某事allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事32.hear sb.to do(doing)sth.听见某人做某事33.help sb.(to)do sth./help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事with ones help在某人的帮助下with pleasure乐意34.in the first第一for the first time第一次at first起初a firs t language母语first of all首先35.leave a message for sb.给某人留条give/take sb.a message给某人捎口信36.take photos/pictures照像take away拿走take out取出work out算出take care当心take medicine服药take ones temperature量体温take ones time别着急take a walk散步take place发生37.learn by oneself/teach oneself自学learn by heart背熟38.have a try尝试,努力try out尝试、试验find out/about找出,查明have a good/wonderful/great/time玩得开心have a(bad)cold(重)感冒have a meeting/walk/watch开会/散步/比赛have sports进行体育活动have nothing/sth.to do with与.无(有)关have no idea不知道have(ones)medicine服药39.win first prize获一等奖40.all over the world=around the world=throughout the world全世界41.all kinds of各种各样的42.neithernor既不也不43.not onlybut also不但而且,bothand和都44.the more,the better越多越好52.all ones life一生53.as soon as一就as soon as possible尽可能早地、尽快as well=too也as much as至多as little as至少regardas把当作as if好像54.no matter无论55 ever since从那以后,此后一直56.so far到目前为止or so大约57.three times a week一周三次58.the number of的数量a(large/good)number of/large numbers of/many许多59.less than少于less and less越来越少60.notuntil直到才61.feel like+n./V-ing想要would like to想要62.wash away冲走run away逃跑take away带走63.before long不久long before/ago很久以前for long=for a long time长期no longer=not.any longer不再64.more or less=about或多或少大约more than=over多于,超过65.every year每年every four years每隔四年every other day每隔一天66.next to紧挨着next door隔壁,邻居next year明年next time下次67.receive/get/have a letter from sb.=hear from sb收到某人的来信68.on show=on display展览588.es69.be filled with/be full of充满70.thank to=because of由于71.some day=one day(将来)某一天all day终日day and night日日夜夜in a day or two一两天内in the old days从前,旧社会from day to day(day after day)日复一日the day before yesterday前天the day after tomorrow后天Tree Planting Day植树节Womens Day妇女节72.keep/stop/prevent(from)doing sth.防止(阻止)做某事stop to do sth.停下来去做某事stop doing sth.停止做某事73.a place(places)of interest名胜74.credit card信用卡75.point at/to指向76.by sea=by ship乘船by the sea=on the sea在海边at sea在海上77.set ones mind to do sth.一心想做某事78.See you!再见You see.你知道你明白,你瞧Let me see.让我想想see sb.Off给某人送行see a/the doctor看病see sb.do/doing sth.看见某人做某事79 someothers一些(人,物)其他(人,物)oneanother一个.另一个(三者或以上)onethe other一个另一个(总数二个)80.be worn out穿旧，磨坏check out核实，检查write out写出take sth.out of从拿出/取出某物81.in this way用这种方法in a few years time几年以后in space在太空in and out of class在课内课外in the last fifteen minutes在最后十五分钟里in the second half在下半场later in ones life在某人后半身in the air在空中in the open air在户外82.have been to去过某地have gone to到某地去了93.be far behind+某人(He is far behind others.他落后于别人)94.one of+adj.最高级+复数名词95.take+某物+with+某人(Youd better take an umbrella with you.你最好带上雨伞)96.prefer to=likebetter than宁愿,更喜欢prefer+V-ing(to do sth.)(I prefer doing(to do)it myself.我喜欢自己做那件事).Would/should等情态动词+prefer+不定式.(I would prefer to do it myself.我宁愿自己做那件事),prefer+名词(v-ing)+to+名词(v-ing)(I prefer learning English to playing football.我愿意学英语而不愿踢足球);588.esprefer+不定式(名词)+rather than+不带to的不定式,(I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus.我喜欢走着去那里,而不愿乘车),prefer+名词(代词)to do sth.(We prefer her not to come.我们宁愿她不来)97.人+spend+time(money)+(in)doing sth.(I spent over two hours(in)finishing my homework.我花了两个多小时完成家庭作业.),人+spend+time(money)+on+名词,(He spent 1,000 on the TV set.他花了一千元买电视机).人+pay+money+for+sth.(He p aid ten yuan for the book.他花了10元钱买那本书.)It+takes(will take,/took)+sb.+time(money)+to do sth.(Itll take you only ten minutes to get there by bus.乘车去那里只花你10分钟).物+cost+(sb.)+money,(The diction